Terminology Final

Front 1

oliguria

Back 1

scant urine

Front 2

stranguria

Back 2

slow or painful urination

Front 3

azotemia

Back 3

urea or nitrogenous elements in blood

Front 4

cystalgia

Back 4

urinary bladder pain

Front 5

urolith

Back 5

cystolith

Front 6

nephroptosis

Back 6

prolapsed kidney

Front 7

stricture

Back 7

abnormal band of tissue narrowing a passage

Front 8

pyuria

Back 8

pus in the urine

Front 9

anuria

Back 9

complete suppression of urine production

Front 10

micturition

Back 10

voluntary control of urination

Front 11

nephrolith

Back 11

kidney stone

Front 12

a radiographic film of the urinary bladder after air has been placed in the bladder via a urinary catheter is called

Back 12

scout film

Front 13

polyuria

Back 13

excessive urine production

Front 14

what part of the nephron is a cluster of capillaries that filter blood?

Back 14

glomerulus

Front 15

the formation of a new opening into the urinary bladder is known as

Back 15

cystostomy

Front 16

nephrosclerosis is ____ of the kidney

Back 16

hardening

Front 17

the other layer of the kidney is known as the

Back 17

cortex

Front 18

where in the nephron does secretion occur?

Back 18

distal convoluted tubule

Front 19

what urinary system hormone regulates electrolyte balance via re absorption of sodium?

Back 19

aldosterone

Front 20

the state of increased thirst/drinking, abbreviated as PD, is called

Back 20

polydipsia

Front 21

normal sinus arrythmia

Back 21

irregular heart rhythm due to respiration

Front 22

flutter

Back 22

atrial contractions are rapid but regular

Front 23

fibrillation

Back 23

rapid, random, ineffective heart contractions

Front 24

asystole

Back 24

lack of heart activity

Front 25

occlusion

Back 25

blockage

Front 26

necrosis

Back 26

tissue death

Front 27

infarct

Back 27

necrosis caused by interrupted blood supply

Front 28

iatrogenic

Back 28

caused by treatment

Front 29

preload

Back 29

ventricular end-diastolic volume

Front 30

systole

Back 30

contraction

Front 31

what do atrial septal defects and ventricular septal defects have in common?

Back 31

both involve abnormal wall openings that separate the heart's right and left sides

Front 32

hypertension

Back 32

increased blood pressure

Front 33

something that remains open is said to be

Back 33

patent

Front 34

how many flaps of tissue does a tricuspid valve have?

Back 34

3

Front 35

what layer of the heart wall lines the heart chambers and valves?

Back 35

endocardium

Front 36

blood flow through a tissue is

Back 36

perfusion

Front 37

the procedure of ultra-sounding the heart is called

Back 37

echocardiogram

Front 38

what is the smallest blood vessel?

Back 38

capillary

Front 39

the gland known as the 'master gland' is

Back 39

pituitary gland

Front 40

the significance of the 'master gland' is that it

Back 40

secretes hormones to which other glands respond

Front 41

the chemical secretions of endocrine glands are called

Back 41

hormones

Front 42

pancreatitis

Back 42

inflammation of the pancreas

Front 43

glucagon

Back 43

hormone that increases blood glucose

Front 44

melatonin

Back 44

hormone that affects circadian rhythm

Front 45

synthetic

Back 45

artificially produced

Front 46

thyroidectomy

Back 46

surgical removal of all or part of the thyroid gland

Front 47

insulinoma

Back 47

tumor of the islet of langerhans of the pancreas

Front 48

aldosterone

Back 48

hormone that regulates sodium and potassium

Front 49

vasopressin

Back 49

antidiuretic hormone

Front 50

insulin

Back 50

hormone that transports blood glucose to cells

Front 51

oxytocin

Back 51

hormone that stimulates uterine contractions

Front 52

cushing's disease

Back 52

excessive adrenal production of glucocorticoid

Front 53

vasopressor

Back 53

increases blood pressure

Front 54

urticaria

Back 54

localized areas of swelling that itch

Front 55

abscess

Back 55

localized collection of pus

Front 56

bacterial skin disease that is worsened by licking or scratching

Back 56

hot spot

Front 57

dermatitis

Back 57

inflammation of the skin

Front 58

otitis

Back 58

inflammation of the ear

Front 59

no or reduced potential to induce an allergic reaction

Back 59

hypoallergenic

Front 60

skin disease containing pus

Back 60

pyoderma

Front 61

pruritus

Back 61

itching

Front 62

what are the three layers of the skin?

Back 62

epidermis, dermis, hypodermis

Front 63

a benign growth of fat cells is a(n)

Back 63

lipoma

Front 64

a malignant black tumor of skin is a(n)

Back 64

melanoma

Front 65

inflammation of CT is called

Back 65

cellulitis

Front 66

the medical term for producing or containing pus is called

Back 66

purulent

Front 67

dead tissue is said to be

Back 67

necrotic

Front 68

a device that transfers light into an intense beam for various purposes is a

Back 68

laser

Front 69

ecchymosis

Back 69

bruise

Front 70

a small area of healing tissue is a(n)

Back 70

granuloma

Front 71

small, pinpoint hemorrhages are a(n)

Back 71

petechiae

Front 72

mastitis

Back 72

inflammation of the mammary gland

Front 73

the retractable fold of skin covering the glans penis

Back 73

foreskin

Front 74

the union of ovum and sperm

Back 74

fertilization

Front 75

the caudal part of the uterus

Back 75

cervix

Front 76

dystocia

Back 76

difficult birth

Front 77

surgical removal of the ovaries, uterine tubes and uterus

Back 77

ovariohysteractomy

Front 78

pyometra

Back 78

pus in the uterus

Front 79

in the estrous cycle, a ruptured follicle that becomes filled with a yellow substance is known as the

Back 79

corpus luteum

Front 80

retraction of the skin of the prepuce causing a painful swelling of the glans penis that prevents the penis from being retracted

Back 80

paraphimosis

Front 81

prostatitis

Back 81

inflammation of the prostrate

Front 82

the term ovulation means

Back 82

release of an egg by the ovary

Front 83

an animal that bears live young is said to be

Back 83

viviparous

Front 84

an egg-bearing animal is said to be

Back 84

oviparous

Front 85

sperm are produced in the

Back 85

testes

Front 86

what layer of tissue is the endometrium?

Back 86

inner

Front 87

thick fluid that contains nutrients and antibodies needed by neonates which is secreted by the mother's mammary glands is

Back 87

colostrum

Front 88

developmental defect in which one or both testes fail to descend into the scrotum

Back 88

cryptorchidism

Front 89

the head cycle in females is known as the

Back 89

estrous cycle

Front 90

the act of giving birth is

Back 90

parturition

Front 91

an animal that has not been neutered is referred to as

Back 91

intact

Front 92

OD

Back 92

right eye

Front 93

AD

Back 93

right ear

Front 94

OS

Back 94

left eye

Front 95

AS

Back 95

left ear

Front 96

OU

Back 96

both eyes

Front 97

AU

Back 97

both ears

Front 98

PLR

Back 98

pupillary light reflex

Front 99

IOP

Back 99

intraocular pressure

Front 100

CSF

Back 100

cerebrospinal fluid

Front 101

anisocoria

Back 101

unequal pupil size

Front 102

nerves that carry impulses toward the CNS

Back 102

afferent nerves

Front 103

nerves that carry impulses toward muscles and glands

Back 103

efferent nerves

Front 104

cerumen

Back 104

earwax

Front 105

eyes not directed in a parallel manner

Back 105

strabismus

Front 106

involuntary, rhythmic movement of the eye

Back 106

nystagmus

Front 107

process of maintaining a constant internal body environment

Back 107

homeostasis

Front 108

neuron

Back 108

the basic unit of the nervous system

Front 109

ataxia

Back 109

stumbling or without coordination

Front 110

period before a seizure

Back 110

aura

Front 111

removal of the eyeball

Back 111

enucleation

Front 112

the _____ nervous system consists of the brain and spinal cord

Back 112

central

Front 113

the cranial and spinal nerves, autonomic nervous system, and ganglia make up the ____ nervous system

Back 113

peripheral

Front 114

the auditory ossicle malleus is also known as the

Back 114

hammer

Front 115

the auditory ossicle incus is also known as the

Back 115

anvil

Front 116

the auditory ossicle staples is also known as the

Back 116

stirrup

Front 117

another name for the nictitating membrane is the

Back 117

third eyelid

Front 118

inflammation of the outer ear is called

Back 118

ostitis externa

Front 119

a disease that is a neurological disorder characterized by head tilt, nystagmus, rolling, falling and circling is

Back 119

Vestibular

Front 120

encephalomyelopathy is

Back 120

any disease involving the brain and spinal cord

Front 121

during a seizure, the stage where an animal may convulse, lose control of excretory functions, shake or appear confused is called the

Back 121

ictus

Front 122

a collection or mass of blood on the outer ear is termed

Back 122

aural hematoma

Front 123

what type of neuron carries impulses from one neuron to another?

Back 123

associative

Front 124

the test commonly used to diagnose corneal ulceration or injury is

Back 124

Flourescein dye stain

Front 125

an automatic, involuntary response to change is called a(n)

Back 125

reflex

Front 126

instrument to visually examine a joint

Back 126

arthroscope

Front 127

difficulty swallowing

Back 127

dysphagia

Front 128

the structure that surrounds the heart is the

Back 128

pericardium

Front 129

element appended to a root

Back 129

combing vowel

Front 130

word beginning

Back 130

prefix

Front 131

root plus a vowel

Back 131

combining form

Front 132

word ending

Back 132

suffix

Front 133

main word part

Back 133

root

Front 134

inter-

Back 134

between

Front 135

intra-

Back 135

within

Front 136

cyanosis

Back 136

a condition of blue discoloration

Front 137

-therapy

Back 137

treatment with chemical substances or drugs

Front 138

eu-

Back 138

good, easy, normal

Front 139

-uria

Back 139

urinary condition, or urine

Front 140

the analysis of medical terms should start with that word element?

Back 140

suffix

Front 141

-pexy

Back 141

surgically stabilize

Front 142

ad-

Back 142

towards the midline

Front 143

exo-

Back 143

externally

Front 144

sub-

Back 144

under

Front 145

the ____ is the inner space of long bones

Back 145

medullary cavity

Front 146

muscle tightening is called

Back 146

contraction

Front 147

the extremities of an animal's body include mostly ____ bones

Back 147

long

Front 148

joints are also called

Back 148

articulations

Front 149

muscles connect to bone by

Back 149

tendons

Front 150

atlas

Back 150

first cervical vertebrae

Front 151

axis

Back 151

second cervical vertebrae

Front 152

coccyx

Back 152

tailbone

Front 153

origin

Back 153

where muscles attach to stationary bone

Front 154

olecranon

Back 154

bony prominence of the elbow

Front 155

osteoplasty

Back 155

surgical repair of bone

Front 156

muscles tht rotate the palmar or plantar surface downward are classified as

Back 156

supinator

Front 157

diaphysis

Back 157

shaft of a long bone

Front 158

myotomy

Back 158

incision into muscles

Front 159

the ribs articulate with the ____ vertebrae

Back 159

thoracic

Front 160

what type of muscle tissue is spindle shapes without stripes or striations?

Back 160

smooth

Front 161

what type of fracture results when the bone is splintered?

Back 161

comminuted

Front 162

what procedure is used to record a muscles response to electrical stimulation?

Back 162

electromyography

Front 163

the sheet of fibrous CT that gives attachment to muscular fibers and is a means of origin or insertion for flat muscle is called

Back 163

aponeurosis

Front 164

the femorotibial and femoropatellar joint of quadrupeds is the

Back 164

stifle joint

Front 165

in sheep, the region around the large joint between the humerus and the scapula is known as the

Back 165

shoulder

Front 166

the rudimentary first digit of dogs and cats is called the

Back 166

dewclaw

Front 167

the root of the mane in horses is called the

Back 167

crest

Front 168

in cattle, the third and fourth metacarpal form

Back 168

cannon bone

Front 169

in livestock, the nipple of the mammary gland is called the

Back 169

teat

Front 170

in horses, which part of the head contains the two nostrils, and the muscles of the upper and lower lip?

Back 170

muzzle

Front 171

in goats, the appendage that suspends from the head, under the chin is called the

Back 171

wattle

Front 172

the coronary band in equines is the same as the

Back 172

coronet

Front 173

the carpus in ungulates is called the

Back 173

knee

Front 174

ballottement

Back 174

diagnostic tapping of fluid-filled structure wall

Front 175

barium

Back 175

contrast media for radiographic studies

Front 176

enema

Back 176

introduction of fluid into the rectum

Front 177

incisional biopsy

Back 177

part of tissue removed for exmaination

Front 178

excisional biopsy

Back 178

entire tissue removed for examination

Front 179

the cecum is part of the

Back 179

large intestine

Front 180

the membrane that lines the walls of the abdominal and pelvic cavities is called the

Back 180

parietal peritoneum

Front 181

mouth lacerations or cuts would most likely cause

Back 181

dysphagia

Front 182

enteritis is inflammation of what?

Back 182

the small intestine

Front 183

alimentary tract

Back 183

gastrointestinal system

Front 184

cholecystectomy

Back 184

excision of the gallbladder

Front 185

the jejunum is part of what

Back 185

the small intestine

Front 186

lingual/glossal

Back 186

tongue

Front 187

the long tube that carries food to the stomach is called the

Back 187

esophagus

Front 188

lingual surface

Back 188

aspect of the tooth that faces the tongue

Front 189

palatal surface

Back 189

aspect of the maxilla that faces the tongue

Front 190

buccal surface

Back 190

aspect of the tooth that faces the cheek

Front 191

occlusal surface

Back 191

chewing surface of the teeth

Front 192

contact surface

Back 192

aspects of the tooth that touch other teeth

Front 193

or/o, stomat/o

Back 193

mouth

Front 194

my/o

Back 194

muscle

Front 195

hem/o

Back 195

blood

Front 196

the medical term for 'pertaining to both sides' is

Back 196

bilateral

Front 197

what plane divides the body into cranial and caudal parts?

Back 197

transverse

Front 198

the cell membrane, cytoplasm, and nucleus are collectively called the

Back 198

protoplasm

Front 199

anatomy is the study of

Back 199

body structure

Front 200

physiology is the study of

Back 200

body function

Front 201

the suffic -logy means

Back 201

study

Front 202

the ___ cavity, the hollow space between the neck and diaphram, contains the heart and lungs

Back 202

thoracic

Front 203

A

Back 203

cranial

Front 204

B

Back 204

caudal

Front 205

C

Back 205

ventral

Front 206

D

Back 206

dorsal

Front 207

E

Back 207

rostral

Front 208

F

Back 208

proximal

Front 209

G

Back 209

distal

Front 210

H

Back 210

palmar

Front 211

I

Back 211

plantar

Front 212

A

Back 212

cranial

Front 213

B

Back 213

spinal

Front 214

C

Back 214

thoracic

Front 215

D

Back 215

abdominal

Front 216

E

Back 216

pelvic

Front 217

A

Back 217

thyroid gland

Front 218

B

Back 218

parathyroid gland

Front 219

C

Back 219

pancreas

Front 220

D

Back 220

testes

Front 221

E

Back 221

pineal gland

Front 222

F

Back 222

pituitary gland

Front 223

G

Back 223

adrenal glands

Front 224

H

Back 224

ovaries

Front 225

the large sesamoid bone in the rear limb

Back 225

patella

Front 226

the femorotibial and femoropatellar joint of quadrupeds is the

Back 226

stifle joint

Front 227

abnormal accumulation of fluid in the abdomen

Back 227

ascites

Front 228

fluid escaping from blood or lymphatic vessels into tissues or spaces

Back 228

effusion

Front 229

inhalation of foreign substance into the upper respiratory tract

Back 229

aspiration

Front 230

puncture of the chest wall with a needle to obtain fluid or air from the pleural cavity is called

Back 230

thoracocentesis

Front 231

PE

Back 231

physical examination

Front 232

ECG

Back 232

electrocardiogram

Front 233

ET

Back 233

endotracheal

Front 234

IV

Back 234

intravenous

Front 235

dx

Back 235

diagnosis

Front 236

UA

Back 236

urinalysis

Front 237

hx

Back 237

history

Front 238

difficult breathing is known as

Back 238

dyspnea

Front 239

a deficiency in blood supply is called

Back 239

ischemia

Front 240

inability to control excretory function is

Back 240

incontinence

Front 241

the narrow passage between the stomach and the duodenum is the

Back 241

pylorus

Front 242

atelectasis

Back 242

incomplete expansion of the alveoli

Front 243

perfusion

Back 243

blood flow through tissues

Front 244

cystitis

Back 244

inflammation of the urinary bladder

Front 245

jejunum

Back 245

middle part of the intestine

Front 246

pinna

Back 246

auricle

Front 247

joints

Back 247

articulations

Front 248

abduction

Back 248

movement away from the midline

Front 249

hyper-

Back 249

excessive, increased

Front 250

what is the correct order of the equine joints from proximal to distal?

Back 250

fetlock, pastern, coffin

Front 251

a muscle that forms a tight band is called a(n)

Back 251

sphincter

Front 252

the transverse plane divides the body into

Back 252

cranial and caudal portions