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15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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___ is the theory that Earth's outer shell is divided into several plates that glide over the mantle, the rocky inner layer above the core. The plates act like a hard and rigid shell compared to Earth’s mantle. |
Plate Tectonics |
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Lithospheric plates move as coherent units relative to all other plates. Although the interiors of plates may experience some deformation, all major interactions among individual plates (and therefore most deformation) occur along their boundaries. |
Plate Boundaries |
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types of plate boundaries |
1. Divergent Plate Boundaries (constructive margins) 2. Convergent Plate Boundaries (destructive margins) 3. Transform Fault Boundaries (conservative margins) |
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where two plates move apart, resulting in upwelling of material from the mantle to create new seafloor. |
Divergent Plate Boundaries (constructive margins) |
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where two plates move together, resulting in oceaniclithosphere being thrust beneath an overriding plateeventually to be reabsorbed into mantle. It can also result in the collision of two continental plates tocreate a mountain system. |
Convergent Plate Boundaries (destructive margins) – |
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a seafloor mountain system formed by plate tectonics. |
Ocean Ridge |
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where two plates grind past each other without the production or destruction of lithosphere. |
Transform Fault Boundaries (conservative margins) |
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This feature is where seafloor spreading takes place along a divergent plate boundary. |
Ocean Ridge |
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It typically has a depth of ___ (8,500 ft) and rises about __kilometers above the deepest portion of an ocean basin. |
- 2,600 meters - 2 |
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The mechanism that operates along theoceanic ridge system to create new seafloor is appropriately called ____ |
seafloor spreading |
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Destructive plate margins where oceaniccrust are being consumed in the mantle arecalled ___ |
subduction (sub=under, duct=lead) zones. |
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Whenever the leading edge of a continental plate converges with an oceanic plate the buoyant continental plate remains floating, whereas the denser oceanic slabsinks into the asthenosphere |
Oceanic-Continental Convergence |
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When two oceanic slabs converge, one descends beneath the other initiating volcanic activity is a manner similar to that which occurs at an oceanic-continental boundary. If this activity is sustained, it will eventually build a chain of volcanic islands that are spaced about 80 kilometers apart and are built upon submerged ridges a few kilometers wide. |
Oceanic-Oceanic Convergence |
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This newly formed land consisting of and arc-shaped chain of small volcanic islands is called a ___ |
volcanic island arc |
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When an oceanic plate is subducted beneath continental lithosphere, an Andean-type volcanic arc develops along the margin of the continent. If the subducting plate also contains continental lithosphere, the continued subduction eventually brings the two continents together. If the oceanic lithosphere is relatively dense and sinks into the asthenosphere, the continental lithosphere is buoyant. |
Continental-Continental Convergence |
