Teas Test Science Study Guide

Front 1

Cell division that produces sex cells

Back 1

Meiosis

Front 2

the three things an atom consists of

Back 2

protons (+ charge), neutrons, and electrons (- charge)

Front 3

the total number of protons and neutrons found within the nucleus of an atom

Back 3

mass number

Front 4

the average mass of all the known isotopes of an element

Back 4

atomic mass

Front 5

What is the study of the stucture of organs and body systems?

Back 5

Anatomy

Front 6

What is the study of the functions of the organs in the body system?

Back 6

Physiology

Front 7

What kind of tissue is formed in sheets and does not have its own blood supply? Ex. Skin

Back 7

Epithelial

Front 8

What kind of tissue is found throughout the body, bone, cartilage, adipose, and blood vessels. It has its own blood supply (except ligaments)?

Back 8

Connective

Front 9

What kinds of tissue produces movement? Which ones are voluntary? involuntary?

Back 9

Muscle Tissue
sketetal- voluntary
smooth- involuntary
cardiac- involuntary

Front 10

cut made along a longitudinal plane divides the body into right and left parts

Back 10

sagittal section

Front 11

contains all the structures within the chest and abdomen; diaphragm divides the ventral cavity into the thoracic cavity; below the diaphragm are the abdominal and pelvic cavities

Back 11

ventral body cavity

Front 12

Which system is a storage for minerals?

Back 12

skeletal

Front 13

tiny hairs in the lungs that keep the airway clear by removing unwanted matter from the lungs

Back 13

cilla

Front 14

after leaving the bronchial tubes, air travels into the tiny air sacs that are surrounded by capillaries, they permit the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide to occur

Back 14

aveoli

Front 15

What does the CNS consists of?

Back 15

Brain and spinal cord

Front 16

What does the ANS control?

Back 16

heartbeat and digestion

Front 17

What does the SNS control?

Back 17

talking and walking
12 pair of cranial nerves
31 pair of spinal nerves
flight or flight response

Front 18

Another name for large intestine?

Back 18

colon

Front 19

Chemicals that break down protiens, carbs, and fats into nutrients

Back 19

Enzymes

Front 20

the absorption of nutients occur in the small intestine to increase suface area?
(finger like projections)

Back 20

villi

Front 21

Engulfing of pathogens by white blood cells

Back 21

phagocytosis

Front 22

lyse means to

Back 22

rupture

Front 23

Chemical messengers released by damaged tissues

Back 23

Cytokines

Front 24

What kingdoms are part of the Eukaya domain?

Back 24

Animalia, fungi, plante, protista

Front 25

Strectches of DNA on a chromosome that provide info for an organisms characteristics

Back 25

Genes

Front 26

What store and transmit hereditary information?

Back 26

Nucleic acids

Front 27

What are the 5 nitrogenous bases?

Back 27

Adenine
Cytosine
Guanine
Thymine
Uracil

Front 28

Thymine only pairs with?
Uracil only pairs with?

Back 28

DNA
RNA

Front 29

What pairs in DNA?

Back 29

A & T
G & C

Front 30

What is the process of protein productions from messenger RNA?

Back 30

translation

Front 31

Nucleic acides include?

Back 31

DNA and RNA

Front 32

Where is the DNA located in a prokaryotic cell?

Back 32

Nucleoid

Front 33

What part of the cell makes protein?

Back 33

Ribosomes

Front 34

What is the ER responsible for?

Back 34

Moving protiens (secretion)

Front 35

Where is APT produced in the cell?

Back 35

Mitochondria aka Powerhouse

Front 36

What part of the cell allows cellular movement?

Back 36

Flagella

Front 37

What kinds of cells are gametes?

Back 37

Haploid

Front 38

How do heterotrophs produce there own food?

Back 38

cellular respiration

Front 39

Photsynthesis=

Back 39

Carbon dioxide + H2O + Sunlight ---> Glucose + Oxygen

Front 40

What is the major enzyme responsible for DNA replication in cells

Back 40

DNA Polymerase

Front 41

an explaination formulated to answer the question being investigated

Back 41

hypothesis

Front 42

steps used in formulating a hypothesis

Back 42

1. identify the problem
2. ask questions
3. formulate a hypothesis

Front 43

gathering of as much information as possible in attempt to answer the original posed question

Back 43

data collection

Front 44

comparing a control group and an experimental group, the 2 groups both equally represent the population, one variable difference

Back 44

experimentation

Front 45

determine if the data is reliable and whether or not it supports the hypothesis

Back 45

analysis

Front 46

after many experiments and the development of many models, it is possible to develop a theory, answer to the hypothesis, the solution

Back 46

conclusion

Front 47

a method whereby conclusions follow from general principles, leads to a specific conclusion

Back 47

deductive reasoning

Front 48

a method of arriving at general principles from specific facts, relies heavily on a preponderance of information that leads to a certain degree of confidence in a conclusion

Back 48

inductive reasoning

Front 49

list the levels of the human body structure from the smallest to the largest

Back 49

atom
molecule
cell
tissue
organ
organ system
organism

Front 50

list the four basic tissue types in the human body

Back 50

epithelial
connective
muscular
nervous

Front 51

list the four chambers that the heart consists of, in order of their flow

Back 51

r atrium
r ventricle
l atrium
l ventricle

Front 52

the mechanical and chemical breakdown of food

Back 52

digestion

Front 53

microscopic projections of tissue that make up the villi

Back 53

microvilli

Front 54

list the 3 main functions of the Nervous System

Back 54

1. sensory function
2. motor function
3. integrative function

Front 55

an abdominal muscle that contracts, pulls air into the lungs during inspiration

Back 55

diaphragm

Front 56

list the main functions of the human body

Back 56

1. adaption
2. circulation
3. elimination
4. locomotion
5. nutrition
6. oxygenation
7. regulation
8. self-duplication

Front 57

a stable state in which all the needs of the body are met and all of the organ systems are working properly together

Back 57

homeostasis

Front 58

the act of an individual moving into a country to live

Back 58

immigration

Front 59

the act of an individual moving out of one region or country to live in another

Back 59

emigration

Front 60

list the order of the Taxonomy hierarchy

Back 60

Domain
Kingdom
Phylum
Class
Order
Family
Genus
Species

Front 61

stretches of DNA on a chromosome, that provide information for an organisms characteristics

Back 61

genes

Front 62

two or more different forms of a certain gene

Back 62

alleles

Front 63

increase from generation to generation of alleles of genes that allows a species to survive in their environment

Back 63

adaptation

Front 64

to store and transmit herditory information, a chain of nucleotides that consists of a pentose, phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base

Back 64

nucleic acid

Front 65

a type of sugar

Back 65

pentose

Front 66

a molecule in the backbone of DNA and RNA that links adjoining bases together

Back 66

phosphate group

Front 67

a molecule found in RNA and DNA that encodes the genetic information in cells

Back 67

nitrogenous base

Front 68

the genetic blue print, copies

Back 68

DNA

Front 69

the messenger within the cell, transcripts

Back 69

RNA

Front 70

single-celled organism lacking defined cellular organelles or nucleus

Back 70

prokaryotic

Front 71

more complex that prokaryotic cells, some cells live as single cells but many exist as part of a larger complex of cells comprising a multi-cellular organism, numerous organelles inside the cell, each with specialized roles

Back 71

eukaryotic

Front 72

small membrane bounded sacs withing the cytoplasm, used to transport proteins or other substances in or out of the cell

Back 72

vesicles

Front 73

contains digestive enzymes that are capable of disposing of cellular debris

Back 73

lysosomes

Front 74

rid the body of toxic components

Back 74

peroxisome

Front 75

contain sections called genes, which contain information that specifies the production of proteins

Back 75

chromosomes

Front 76

an animal or a plant in the early stages of development after fertilization

Back 76

embryo

Front 77

mass of cells formed after an egg is fertilized and begins dividing

Back 77

zygote

Front 78

the process of cell duplication in which 2 daughter cells receive exactly the same nuclear material as the original cell

Back 78

mitosis

Front 79

cells that form a new organism via sexual reproduction

Back 79

gametes

Front 80

the process carried out by green plants, green algae, and certain bacteria, in which the energy from the sunlight is trapped by the green pigment chlorophyll and used for synthesis of glucose

Back 80

photosynthesis

Front 81

an organism that is able to produce its own food

Back 81

autotroph

Front 82

group of 3 nucleotides on RNA or DNA that encodes for a single, specific amino acid

Back 82

codon

Front 83

a complete set of DNA of an individual that contains all genes

Back 83

genome

Front 84

the physical expressions of genetic traits

Back 84

phenotypes

Front 85

an organism's underlying genetic makeup or code

Back 85

genotype

Front 86

the study of heredity or how traits are passed on from one parent to offspring

Back 86

genetics

Front 87

when both parents give the offspring the same allele for that particular trait

Back 87

homozygous

Front 88

each parent gives the offspring a different allele for a particular trait for that trait

Back 88

heterozygous

Front 89

a graphical way to show all possible combinations of alleles give the two parents genotypes
Homozygous Dominant (TT)
Homozygous Recessive (tt)
Heterozygous (Tt)

Back 89

Punnett Square

Front 90

waves of radiation that are characterized by electric and magnetic fields

Back 90

electromagnetic waves

Front 91

the spectrum of light is divided into bands of wavelengths ordered from short to long

Back 91

gamma ray
x-ray
ultra violet
visible
infrared
microwave
radio waves

Front 92

the energy of motion

Back 92

kinetic energy

Front 93

anything that takes up space and has mass

Back 93

matter

Front 94

quantity of matter an object has

Back 94

mass

Front 95

substance that cannot be broken into simple types of matter

Back 95

element

Front 96

atom with the same number of protons but differing number of neutrons

Back 96

isotopes

Front 97

control the rate of chemical reactions, or reactions in which atoms react to come to a stable state

Back 97

catalysts

Front 98

the chemical merging of atoms due to their electron arrangements

Back 98

chemical bonding

Front 99

proteins that are water soluble

Back 99

globular proteins

Front 100

sharing of electrons between atoms

Back 100

covalent bond