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49 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
Name the 5 characteristics all living things have in common?
1) organization
2) energy use
3) reproduction
4) adaptation to environment
5) homeostasis
basic unit of life?
cell
living thing composed of cells?
organism
composed of one cell?
unicellular
composed of more than one cell?
multi-cellular
the cells take on roles dictated by genetic instructions?
differentiation
ability to maintain a stable internal environment?
homeostasis
process by which organisms use energy?
metabolism
what are traits controlled by?
genes
type of reproduction where only 1 parent is required?
asexual reproduction
type of reproduction that requires 2 parents?
sexual reproduction
what is the changing of organisms over time?
evolution
evolution occurs through a process called?
natural selection
when some substances can easily pass through a membrane and others cannot?
selectively permeable
does not require the cell to use energy?
passive transport
Name 3 things that are true for all cells?
1) consist of 1 or more cells
2) are basic structures
3) can reproduce from only existing cells
structures within a cell?
organelles
cells with a membrane around the nucleus?
eukaryote
cells WITHOUT a membrane around the nucleus?
prokaryotes
are unicellular organisms such as bacteria?
prokaryotes
why do animal cells not have a cell wall, while plants do?
Most animal cells are flexible for movement, while plants have rigid cell walls for support.
type of transport that does require a cell to use energy?
active transport
simplest form of passive transport?
diffusion
transfer of molecules from an area of high concentration to lower concentration?
diffusion
amount of solute dissolved in a fixed amount of solution?
concentration
energy of motion?
kinetic energy
type of energy diffusion uses?
kinetic energy
process of water molecules moving down the concentration gradient?
osmosis
concentration outside a cell is lower than inside?
hypotonic
concentration outside a cell is higher than inside?
hypertonic
water moves into the cell to establish equilibrium?
hypotonic
water moves out the cell to establish equilibrium?
hypertonic
water moves in and out of cell because equilibrium is established?
isotonic
occurs when molecules cannot diffuse across a cell membrane?
facilitated diffusion
diffusion facilitated by special proteins called?
carrier proteins
when a cell must move up a concentration gradient
active transport
occurs when external substances are enclosed within a cell
endocytosis
occurs when contents are released external to the cell?
exocytosis
what are similarities and differences of active and passive transport?
active transport requires energy other than kinetic. Both active and passive allow movement of substances across a cell.
study of how traits pass from parent to offspring?
genetics
what always has the same traits?
pure traits
traits that only occur in the second generation?
recessive
multiple forms of a gene?
alleles
when both parents give offspring the same allele?
homozygous
when parents do not give the same allele to offspring?
heterozygous
More water, swell
hypo
less water, shrink
hyper
haploid
.
diploid
.