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69 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Example of social casual groups..
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Friends
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whats an example of a primary group?
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Family
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Never right or wrong answers just better or worse
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Decision-Making/problem Groups
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Always have a correct answer
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Option solving Groups
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What are the main differences between teams and groups?
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Team goals are..
1. clear/ specific 2. well-defined responsibilities 3. rules and expectations are clear 4. Coordination is somewhat clear for teams |
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5 ways to enhance Team Effectiveness
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1. Clarify
2. Know strengths and weaknesses 3. Identify Barriers 4. Plan ahead 5. Evaluate when appropriate |
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Why SHOULD we work in teams? 5 things...
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1. Information
2. Stimulation of creativity 3. Remembering what you discuss 4. More likely to be satisfied with decisions 5. Better understanding of self |
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Why we SHOULDN'T work in team? 5 things...
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1. Social Loafing
2. Limiting time 3. Expert has the answer 4. Unmanageable conflict 5. Can water down ideas |
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Defining Effectiveness
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Meeting expectations of key counter parts (customers, managers, other relationships AND Enacting a process that doesn't lead to burnout
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Very useful, no one thought to study teams like this then.
Measure small variables that make teams effective.. WHICH STUDY was this in 1928 |
Hawthorne Studies
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In the 1970's through 1990s... people would just...
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Form a team when things were going bad
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QUESTION 1 What are the essential components of work teams. Primary
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-Interdependence
1. Role 2. Goal 3. Outcome |
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Secondary..
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1. Common goal
2. same manager 3. Shared workplace 4. Small size 5. Members see selves as team stable membership |
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Question 2
How can an organization support team effectiveness? 6 things |
1.Training
2. Staffing 3. Reward system 4. Facilities 5. Information system 6. Communication Technologies |
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Question 3 FOR SURE ON TEST
What are the difference between types of work teams? NAME the five kinds of work teams.. just name them.. and describe each if you want |
1. Management
2. Service 3. Production 4. Action and performing teams 5. Project/ Parallel |
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Name this work team...
Perform specialized activities in time limited. More specifically Those that perform against an adversary |
ACTION TEAMS
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Name this work team.. Interact with customers most of the time. Communication skills have to be particular
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SERVICE TEAMS
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Name this work team...
team that works together once EX: on set of movie.... |
Project team
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Name this work team...
Brought together to recommend an idea. (not always in the company) |
Advice teams
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Name this work team...
MAKES DECISIONS. They don't do what the company does most of the time. |
MANAGEMENT
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Name this work team...
Another company that works together with another company |
Parallel work team
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Name this work team...
Make things... What does this specific team risk and why? |
Production.
Burnout.. because of old age, or someone doing the same thing over and over and over and over.. mental breakdown or physical breakdown. |
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Teams that recommend things would be also...
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Advice teams,
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Teams that run things...
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Management
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What is a downfall of advice teams?
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They can tell someone what to do but that other person doesn't have to enforce it or use their advice. It is also difficult telling someone constructive criticism in the right kind of way.
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Goal Setting... 4 benefits..
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1. direct attention and effort towards goal-relevent activities and away from goal-irrelevant activities.
2. Goals have an energizing function, both physically and mentally. 3. Affect persistence 4. Affect action indirectly by leading to arousal, discovery, and use of strategies, both old and new. |
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True or false. When it comes to goal setting you should be broad.
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FALSE!
DONT BE BROAD!!!! |
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Fill in blank...
Teams should transform broad directives into ________ ___ _____ |
Specific end goals
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How would you make this statement a more specific goal?
"communicate well with our clients." |
"Respond emails within 48 hours to all clients."
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Should proximal goals override the distal goal?
Explain... |
No never.Responding to emails within 48 hours is good but if you don't do it in a professional proper manner then it defeats the purpose all together.
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3 IMPORTANT SKILLS AND SKILL POTENTIAL.
(All good to have when applying for a job) |
1. Technical or functional expertise
2. Problem-solving/decision-making skills 3. Interpersonal skills |
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Why value theories?
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They describe REPEATED patterns.
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"the universe expanded from an extremely dense, hot state and continues to expand theory."
what is this called? |
Explanatory
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"an online relationship will take more meetings to develop as well as a face-to-face relationship." What is this called?
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Predictive
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"Distance usually requires some sort of effort, so people tend to interact with those close to them." What is this called?
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Descriptive
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"People should use a medium with a richness that is appropriate for their message."
What is this called? |
Prescriptive
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Some theories can have more than one use. Ex: explanatory AND predictive.
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Multi-use Theories
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According to KARL POPPER, the definition of a good theory is...
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Testable and Falsifiable (is it feesable)
CLear and Precise (they can't be ambiguous) |
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A good theory is also:
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Fruitful (useful in some way)
Broad (except for middle-range theories) |
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Name This Theory
-Groups are dynamic, complex, goal-oriented systems -They are flexible as a result of a multitude of variables -Goals can be achieved in many different ways- -There are uncertainties associated with different variables (entropy) -There are input, process, and output variables. -Groups can be synergistic |
Systems Theory
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Definition
Goals can be achieved in a lot of different ways. |
Equifinality
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Explain Social Exchange Theory
4 things |
1.Based on a system of rewards and costs
2.as long as rewards exceeds costs, a relationship remains attractive 3.Applies to interpersonal and group relationships 4.Applies to consumer decisions,personal action, ect.. |
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Explain Symbolic Convergence theory
3 things |
1. Identity forms in groups through shared fantasies (think of inside jokes, layered meanings)
2. Differentiation between what actually happens and what our memories are of a particular situation 3. Groups, like individuals have personalities based on experiences and stories. |
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Explain Structuration Theory
5 things |
1. Action can change the structure itself
2. Structures shape our actions, and our actions shape our structures in an iterative cycle 3. Rules and resources (structure) will guide our behaviors (actions) 4. Our behaviors (actions) may necessitate a change in our rules and resources (structure) 5. When we join a new group, we use the rules we learned in previous groups to share our interactions |
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Explain Functional Theory... Effective group problem solving and decision making are more likely to occur when: (3 things)
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1. Members attempt to satisfy task requirement
2. Members use communication to overcome constraints 3. Members take time to review their processes |
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SPORTS TEAMS AS MODELS
Baseball |
Lowest amount of interdependence-pooled interdependence, sum of your values
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SPORTS TEAMS AS MODELS
Football |
sequential interdependence (you don't set up a lot of sequential interdependence in groups)
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SPORTS TEAMS AS MODELS
Basketball |
Reciprocal Interdependence-Interacting ALL THE TIME.
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Assembly Line Model
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-Individuals place their inputs in a controlled process to create outputs
-Work is repetitive -Managers may like this model because it allows them to forecast easily. |
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MOVIE SET MODEL
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-Small cohort of full-time members who surround themselves with part-time specialists
-Generally work on projects -Bill gates has alluded to this model for creating software |
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CHIEF PROGRAMMER MODEL
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-Requires a singular, skilled individual who is supported by a team of specialists
-Generally an expensive model because of the chief programmer's salary |
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Stories capture attention through
5 things... |
1. Active Voice
2. Present Tense 3. Repition ( a story is repeated) 4. Vivid and concrete details (Avatar) 5. Unfurling of a plot (whats gonna happen next?!?) |
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The truth in a story is shield from what? which makes it great...
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Testing and Debate
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People question two things when hearing a story:
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1. Internal/emotional consistency
2. Relevance to discussion |
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We believe things because A caused B and B caused C...
what is this called? |
Causality
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Stories force you to focus on particular details or outcomes
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Blinders
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stories suspend normal conversations...
True or false |
True
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describe details in stories...
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"these are the only relevant pieces of information"
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Outcomes...
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These are the only possible things that can happen
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Shorthand methods...
say examples |
"the HP way"
"view from 30,000 feet" |
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NETWORKS
A structure made up of a series of nodes and connection based on a variety of interdependencies name the 4... |
1. Kinship
2. Friendship 3. Business relationship 4. Others |
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NODES HAVE DIFFERENT CENTRALITIES... Know 2 for test.
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Degree (number of connections divided by the number of -1
Closeness ( on average how many connections does it take to get you to another node) |
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DEGREE (nodes can have different centralities) Define it...
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Number of connections divided by the number of nodes - 1
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CLOSENESS (nodes can have different centralities) Define it
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On average how many connections does it take to get you to another node
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Network Analysis Helps us what?
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Uncover communication problems that are not easily discoverable on the micro level.
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Demonstrate Hidden connections
Can help cut through formal reporting procedures and show paths of influence. Useful in crisis |
Informal Networks
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3 types of networks
Displays who communicates with whom. Quality of connections is considered more valuable than amount of connections Communication Network Advice Network Or Trust Network |
Communication NEtwork
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3 types of Networks
Generally identifies the most knowledgeable people in a business setting. C A or T |
Advice network
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3 types of Networks
Identifies support connections and spread of political information. Based on personal relationships C A or T |
Trust network
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