Tcm Biomedical Board Exam Questions

Front 1

Which of the following nerves innervates the deltoid muscle?
(A) Ulnar nerve.
(B) Radial nerve.
(C) Median nerve.
(D) Axillary nerve

Back 1

D) Axillary nerve

Front 2

Each of the following is a member of rotator cuff muscles EXCEPT
(A) Teres major.
(B) Infraspinatus.
(C) Subscapularis.
(D) Supraspinatus.

Back 2

A) Teres major

Front 3

Inability to flex the thigh over the body trunk is most likely caused by paralysis of
(A) Iliopsoas.
(B) Quadriceps.
(C) Hamstrings.
(D) Gluteus maximus.

Back 3

A) Iliopsoas

Front 4

The most abundant white blood cells in the circulating blood are
(A) Monocytes.
(B) Eosinophils.
(C) Neutrophils.
(D) Lymphocytes.

Back 4

C) Neutrophils

Front 5

The majority of the fluid leave the body as
(A) Sweat through the skin.
(B) Feces through the GI tract.
(C) Urine through the kidneys.
(D)Water in expired air through the lungs.

Back 5

C) Urine through the GI tract

Front 6

A child is immune to certain infectious diseases after being properly vaccinated. This
represents a type of
(A) Naturally acquired active immunity.
(B) Naturally acquired passive immunity.
(C) Artificially acquired active immunity.
(D) Artificially acquired passive immunity.

Back 6

C) Artificially acquired active immunity

Front 7

Which of the following is NOT a communicable infectious disease?
(A) Tetanus.
(B) Leprosy.
(C) Hepatitis.
(D) Tuberculosis.

Back 7

A) Tetanus

Front 8

A value of 28 in the body mass index (BMI) is interpreted as being
(A) Normal.
(B) Overweight.
(C) Stage I obese.
(D) Stage II obese.

Back 8

B) Overweight

Front 9

A male patient has suffered from shooting sciatic pain with radiation down to both
legs. The pain is worsened by spinal movement and by sneezing or coughing. A
positive straight leg-raising sign and decreased ankle jerks are found. These
symptoms and signs are highly suggestive of
(A) Ankylosing spondylitis.
(B) Degenerative joint disease.
(C) Paravertebral muscle spasm.
(D) Herniated intervertebral disc.

Back 9

D) Herniated intervertebral disc

Front 10

Which drug affecting blood interferes with the function of platelets?
(A) Aspirin.
(B) Heparin.
(C) Warfarin.
(D) Alteplase.

Back 10

A) Aspirin

Front 11

A patient with fibromyalgia is best referred to what specialty doctor?
(A) Neurologist.
(B) Cardiologist.
(C) Dermatologist.
(D) Rheumatologist.

Back 11

D) Rheumatologist

Front 12

Which endogenous neurotransmitter resembles opiates in their abilities to produce
pain relief and a feeling of well-being?
(A) Endorphin.
(B) Epinephrine.
(C) Acetylcholine.
(D) Norepinephrine.

Back 12

A) Endorphin

Front 13

b-Lactam antibiotics, such as penicillins and cephalosporins, are used to treat
bacterial infections by
(A) Inhibiting the bacterial protein synthesis.
(B) Disrupting the bacterial DNA replication.
(C) Preventing the synthesis of bacterial folic acid.
(D) Interfering with the bacterial cell wall synthesis.

Back 13

D) Interfering with the bacterial cell wall synthesis

Front 14

Albuterol (Ventolin®), a non-catecholamine direct-acting adrenergic agonist, is
clinically used to control the symptoms of
(A) Asthma.
(B) Influenza.
(C) Pneumonia.
(D) Sinus infection.

Back 14

A) Asthma

Front 15

Donepezil (Aricept®) is an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor that is currently approved
for the treatment of
(A) Insomnia.
(B) Depression.
(C) Parkinson’s disease.
(D) Alzheimer’s disease.

Back 15

D) Alzheimer's disease

Front 16

What action should an acupuncturist take if a needle breaks off below the skin while
treating the patient?
(A) Do not inform the patient because he or she may pass out.
(B) Consult a physician for surgical removal of the broken needle.
(C) Tell the patient to calm down and call another more experienced
acupuncturist.
(D) Use aseptic technique to cut open the skin and try to withdraw the broken
needle.

Back 16

B) Consult a physician for surgical removal of the broken needle.

Front 17

An elderly patient suddenly faints while waiting for the acupuncture treatment in the
clinic. He has a history of coronary artery disease. On checking the vital signs, you
find that his blood pressure is 80/50 mmHg, and his pulse and breathing are weak.
What immediate action should you take?
(A) Call 911.
(B) Perform CPR.
(C) Contact the patient’s family doctor.
(D) Resuscitation by needling Du 20 and Du 26.

Back 17

A) Call 911

Front 18

Bending the head forward on the chest is a movement known as
(A) Flexion.
(B) Extension.
(C) Protraction.
(D) Depression.

Back 18

A) Flexion

Front 19

Chief complaints are the patient’s
(A) Objective sign.
(B) Own diagnosis.
(C) Presenting symptom.
(D) Most current problem.

Back 19

C) Presenting symptom

Front 20

For a case of suspected diabetes insipidus, which laboratory test below is most
diagnostic?
(A) Uric acid level.
(B) Blood ADH level.
(C) Fasting blood sugar.
(D) 2-hour postprandial glucose.

Back 20

B) Blood ADH level.

Front 21

The visual center of the brain is located in the
(A) Frontal lobe.
(B) Parietal lobe.
(C) Occipital lobe.
(D) Temporal lobe.

Back 21

C) Occipital lobe.

Front 22

Which of the following is NOT one of the actions of aspirin and other nonsteroidal
anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)?
(A) Analgesic.
(B) Antibiotic.
(C) Antipyretic.
(D) Anti-inflammatory.

Back 22

B) Antibiotic

Front 23

Sphygmomanometer is a medical instrument used to measure the
(A) Intraocular pressure.
(B) Intracranial pressure.
(C) Arterial blood pressure.
(D) Jugular venous pressure.

Back 23

C) Arterial blood pressure

Front 24

A patient is seen in the clinic with a chief complaint of pain in the epigastric area. The
pain seems to be partly relieved by sitting up or leaning forward and also radiates
toward the mid-back. Which organ listed below is most likely involved?
(A) Liver.
(B) Stomach.
(C) Pancreas.
(D) Gallbladder.

Back 24

C) Pancreas

Front 25

Which type of hepatitis is transmitted via fecal-oral route?
(A) Hepatitis A.
(B) Hepatitis B.
(C) Hepatitis C.
(D) Hepatitis D.

Back 25

A) Hepatitis A

Front 26

A study of the recorded electrical changes in corneoretinal potential caused by
movements of the eye is known as
(A) Electromyography (EMG).
(B) Electrocardiography (ECG).
(C) Electronystagmography (ENG).
(D) Electroencephalography (EEG).

Back 26

C) Electronystagmography

Front 27

An elevated blood creatinine level supports the diagnosis of diseases related to the
(A) Lung.
(B) Liver.
(C) Heart.
(D) Kidney.

Back 27

d) Kidney

Front 28

Bipolar disorder is a broad term used to describe a recurrent
(A) Anxiety or panic disorder.
(B) Manic or depressive disorder.
(C) Obsessive or compulsive disorder.
(D) Anorexia nervosa or bulimia nervosa.

Back 28

B) Manic or depressive disorder

Front 29

Occult blood (OB) test is a part of routine screening for people over the age of 50
years. It is used to detect small quantities of blood in the
(A) Stool.
(B) Urine.
(C) Sputum.
(D) Vaginal discharge.

Back 29

A) Stool

Front 30

A 75-year-old woman comes to the clinic with a chief complaint of pain in the hip
and knee joint (especially on use), stiffness after inactivity, and functional impairment
of gait. Her radiography shows some structural changes, such as loss of joint space,
formation of osteophytes (spurs), etc. What is the most likely medical diagnosis?
(A) Fracture.
(B) Osteoporosis.
(C) Osteoarthritis.
(D) Rheumatoid arthritis.

Back 30

C) Osteoarthritis

Front 31

Carpal tunnel syndrome is caused by compression of
(A) Ulnar nerve.
(B) Radial nerve.
(C) Median nerve.
(D) Axillary nerve.

Back 31

C) Median nerve

Front 32

Smoking as a risk factor increases the incidence of all of the following medical
conditions EXCEPT
(A) Sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS).
(B) Intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR).
(C) Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS).
(D) Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).

Back 32

C) Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)

Front 33

A young patient is brought to the emergency department because of nausea, vomiting,
and severe pain in the right lower abdomen. Upon physical examination, rebound
tenderness and rigidity are found on the point, which is located at the lower one-third
of the distance between the umbilicus and right anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS).
This is a typical positive
(A) Psoas sign.
(B) Obturator sign.
(C) Rovsing’s sign.
(D) McBurney’s sign.

Back 33

D) McBurney's sign

Front 34

A female patient presents with a low-grade fever, a frequent, urgent need to urinate,
and a burning and painful sensation during urination. A diagnosis of cystitis (UTI)
may be made on the basis of
(A) Urinalysis.
(B) Clinical manifestations.
(C) Midstream urine culture.
(D) All of the above.

Back 34

D) All of the above

Front 35

Which of the following is the effect of the parasympathetic stimulation?
(A) Bronchodilation.
(B) Pupil constriction.
(C) Decreased GI activities.
(D) Secretion of epinephrine.

Back 35

B) Pupil constriction

Front 36

Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) is used for determining
(A) Bone mineral content.
(B) Metabolic activity of the liver.
(C) Radiographic density of the lung.
(D) Absorption of the small intestine.

Back 36

A) Bone mineral content

Front 37

One of the classic venereal diseases (sexually transmitted diseases or STDs) is
syphilis, which is caused by a
(A) Virus.
(B) Fungus.
(C) Parasite.
(D) Bacterium.

Back 37

D) Bacterium

Front 38

Biceps reflex, a deep tendon reflex, is designed to test the integrity of
(A) C5 and C6.
(B) C7 and C8.
(C) C5, C6, and C7.
(D) C6, C7, and C8.

Back 38

A) C5 and C6

Front 39

In which of the following situations parent or legal guardian consent is NOT required
to treat a minor?
(A) Care during pregnancy.
(B) Prescription of contraceptives.
(C) Sexually transmitted diseases (STDs).
(D) All of the above.

Back 39

D) All of the above

Front 40

A 58-year-old male patient presents to the emergency department with acute onset of
excruciating substernal pain. He has a history of cigarette smoking for 40 years. He
was diagnosed with hypertension 20 years ago. Immediate ECG shows ST segment
elevation and T wave inversion. What is the most likely medical diagnosis?
(A) Aortic aneurysm.
(B) Erosive esophagitis.
(C) Myocardial infarction.
(D) Ventricular arrhythmia.

Back 40

C) Myocardial infarction

Front 41

Which blood test is specifically used to monitor the response of the bone marrow to
the therapy for anemia?
(A) Leukocyte count.
(B) Erythrocyte count.
(C) Reticulocyte count.
(D) Thrombocyte count.

Back 41

C) Reticulocyte count

Front 42

In the US, the top three leading causes of death from diseases in adults are
respectively
(A) AIDS, cancer, and heart disease.
(B) Cancer, heart disease, and AIDS.
(C) Heart disease, cancer, and stroke.
(D) Cancer, heart disease, and stroke.

Back 42

C) Heart disease, cancer, stroke

Front 43

In addition to the central cavities of the brain and spinal cord, cerebrospinal fluid
(CSF) also circulates in the
(A) Epidural space.
(B) Subdural space.
(C) Subarachnoid space.
(D) All of the above.

Back 43

C) subarachnoid space

Front 44

A female patient has intermittent diarrhea with occasional blood and mucus in the
stools and abdominal pain. Her symptoms are aggravated by emotional stress. What is
the most likely medical diagnosis?
(A) Celiac disease.
(B) Ulcerative colitis.
(C) Lactose intolerance.
(D) Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS).

Back 44

B) Ulcerative colitis

Front 45

A 24-year-old female patient has suffered from high fever, generalized muscle
aching, malaise, headache, and watery diarrhea for 3 days. Her last menstrual period
was 2 weeks ago. She uses contraceptive sponge and diaphragm as her birth control
method. Which of the following is the most serious medical condition that needs to be
ruled out immediately in this case?
(A) Influenza.
(B) Food poisoning.
(C) Ruptured ectopic pregnancy.
(D) Toxic shock syndrome (TSS).

Back 45

D) Toxic shock syndrome (TSS)

Front 46

Parathyroid hormone (PTH) is involved in the regulation of calcium metabolism. Its
target organs include all of the following EXCEPT
(A) Skin.
(B) Bone.
(C) Kidney.
(D) Small intestine.

Back 46

A) Skin

Front 47

For a patient with seizures of unknown cause, which of the following would be the
most appropriate initial step of investigation?
(A) Evoked potential studies.
(B) Neural conduction studies.
(C) Lumbar puncture (spinal tap).
(D) Electroencephalography (EEG).

Back 47

D) Electroencephalography (EEG)

Front 48

Four key components to informed consent include all of the following EXCEPT
(A) The patient must have no right to withdraw consent at any time.
(B) The patient must be aware of outcome if he or she does not consent.
(C) The patient must understand the health implications of their diagnosis.
(D) The patient must be informed of risks, benefits, and alternatives to treatment.

Back 48

A) The patient must have no right to withdraw consent at any time.

Front 49

Clinical and epidemiologic studies have shown that which component of the lipid
profile is an independent INVERSE risk factor for coronary artery disease (CAD)?
(A) Cholesterol.
(B) Triglyceride.
(C) Low-density lipoprotein (LDL).
(D) High-density lipoprotein (HDL).

Back 49

D) High-density lipoprotein (HDL)

Front 50

The manager of a company calls your office, requesting information about the health
issue of his employee, who has also been your regular patient for 2 years. The
manager explains that his employee may be promoted to a higher position if no major
health problems are were found. How are you supposed to respond to this request?
(A) Refuse to give out the patient’s information.
(B) Ask about the details of the patient’s promotion.
(C) Tell him to let the company’s lawyer talk to you.
(D) Provide the patient’s information only in your office.

Back 50

A) Refuse to give out the patient's information.

Front 51

Rotation of the head involves the first and second cervical vertebrae, which are
respectively known as
(A)Axis and atlas.
(B) Atlas and axis.
(C) Sacrum and coccyx.
(D) Sternum and clavicle.

Back 51

B) Atlas and axis

Front 52

Which one of the following hormones is NOT an example of steroid hormones?
(A) Estrogen.
(B) Prolactin.
(C) Testosterone.
(D) Progesterone.

Back 52

B) Prolactin

Front 53

Body systems that are involved in the stress response include
(A) Immune system.
(B) Nervous system.
(C) Endocrine system.
(D)All of the above.

Back 53

D) All of the above

Front 54

A middle-aged man with a history of high blood uric acid level presents with a
sudden nocturnal onset of excruciating pain and swelling in the metatarsophalangeal
joint of the great toe. What medical condition is highly suspected?
(A)Gout.
(B) Osteoarthritis.
(C) Septic arthritis.
(D) Rheumatoid arthritis.

Back 54

A) Gout

Front 55

Infectious mononucleosis is believed to be related to a
(A) Viral infection.
(B) Fungal infection.
(C) Parasitic infection.
(D) Bacterial infection.

Back 55

A) viral infection

Front 56

Which of the following definitions regarding SOAP notes is WRONG?
(A) S: Subjective.
(B) O: Objective.
(C) A: Assessment.
(D) P: Progression.

Back 56

D) Progression.

Subjective, Objective, Assessment, Plan.

Front 57

A calibrated device for measuring the angle of a joint or its range of motion (ROM) is
known as
(A) Tonometer.
(B) Spirometer.
(C) Goniometer.
(D) Sphygmomanometer.

Back 57

C) Goniometer

Front 58

Digital rectal exam (DRE) combined with a blood PSA test can detect nearly 90% of
clinically significant
(A) Rectal cancer.
(B) Bladder cancer.
(C) Cervical cancer.
(D) Prostatic cancer.

Back 58

D) Prostatic cancer

Front 59

Over-the-counter (OTC) drugs, such as cimetidine (Tagamet®), ranitidine (Zantac®),
famotidine (Pepcid®), etc., act as
(A) Proton pump inhibitors.
(B) Histamine H1 receptor blockers.
(C) Histamine H2 receptor blockers.
(D)Aluminum or magnesium antacids.

Back 59

C) Histamine H2 receptor blockers

Front 60

A nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) that contains naproxen would be
(A)Advil®.
(B) Aleve®.
(C) Motrin®.
(D)Nuprin®.

Back 60

B) Aleve

Front 61

Which of the following best describes the process of autoclaving?
(A) 250°F at 15 lbs psi of steam pressure for 30 minutes.
(B) 250°F at 30 lbs psi of steam pressure for 15 minutes.
(C) 338°F at 15 lbs psi of steam pressure for 30 minutes.
(D) 338°F at 30 lbs psi of steam pressure for 15 minutes.

Back 61

A) 250°F at 15 lbs psi of steam pressure for 30 minutes.

Front 62

Approximately how many skeletal muscles are found in the human body?
(A)Over 200.
(B) Over 600.
(C) Over 800.
(D)Over 1,000.

Back 62

B) over 600

Front 63

According to the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA), all of
the following are your health information privacy rights EXCEPT
(A)Ask to see and get a copy of your health records.
(B) Have corrections added to your health information.
(C) Receive a notice that tells you how your health information is used and
shared.
(D)Always give permission as long as your health information is used or shared
for medical research purposes.

Back 63

D)Always give permission as long as your health information is used or shared
for medical research purposes.

Front 64

A Papanicolaou (Pap) smear test is performed to detect abnormal or atypical cells in
or on the
(A)Uterus.
(B) Cervix.
(C) Vagina.
(D)Urethra.

Back 64

B) Cervix

Front 65

A positive Brudzinski’s sign, in which both hips and knees are actively flexed in
response to passive flexion of the neck, suggests the inflammation of the
(A)Hip joint.
(B) Meninges.
(C) Knee joint.
(D) Cervical vertebra.

Back 65

B) Meninges

Front 66

The most common form of cancer in men between the ages of 15 and 35 would be
(A) Lung cancer.
(B) Brain cancer.
(C) Prostatic cancer.
(D) Testicular cancer.

Back 66

D) Testicular cancer

Front 67

A daughter brings her 80-year-old mother to the clinic and states that over the last 6
months, her mother has become forgetful. The mother has difficulty in remembering
recent events and often forgets to pay her bills, but otherwise she has been in good
health and takes no medications. Vital signs and physical examination are within the
normal range. Which of the following is the best next step in making the diagnosis?
(A) Thyroid function test.
(B) Psychiatric evaluation.
(C) Imaging study of the brain.
(D)Mini-mental status examination (MMSE).

Back 67

D) Mini-mental status examination (MMSE)

Front 68

Under normal conditions, hyperglycemia stimulates the pancreas to secrete
(A) Insulin.
(B) Glucose.
(C) Glycogen.
(D)Glucagon.

Back 68

A) Insulin

Front 69

Anti-DNA and antinuclear antibodies are primarily tested for the screen, diagnosis,
and follow-up of
(A) Cystic fibrosis (CF).
(B) Multiple sclerosis (MS).
(C) Rheumatoid arthritis (RA).
(D) Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).

Back 69

D) Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)

Front 70

Currently recommended breath and compression ratio for adult CPR is
(A) 1:15.
(B) 1:30.
(C) 2:15.
(D) 2:30.

Back 70

D) 2:30

Front 71

Standing on one’s heels is the action of which muscle or muscle group?
(A)Quadriceps.
(B) Hamstrings.
(C) Gastrocnemius.
(D) Tibialis anterior.

Back 71

D) Tibialis anterior

Front 72

A young man is brought to the hospital, highly agitated and aggressive and
demonstrating paranoid ideation. Physical examination reveals tachycardia,
hypertension, pupillary dilation, and nasal inflammation. A most probable substance
abused and responsible for this presentation would be
(A)Heroin.
(B) Alcohol.
(C) Cocaine.
(D)Marijuana.

Back 72

C) Cocaine

Front 73

The pathophysiologic mechanism involved in the generation of edema from
hypoproteinemia is
(A) Lymphatic obstruction.
(B) Increased hydrostatic pressure.
(C) Renal retention of salt and water.
(D)Decreased plasma osmotic pressure.

Back 73

D) decreased plasma osmotic pressure

Front 74

Chest X-ray (CXR) is NOT indicated in which of the following medical conditions?
(A) Pneumonia.
(B) Rib fracture.
(C) Enlarged heart.
(D) Coronary artery occlusion.

Back 74

D) Coronary artery occlusion

Front 75

Which of the following coagulation tests is used specifically to monitor warfarin
(Coumadin®) therapy?
(A) Platelet count.
(B) Bleeding time.
(C) Prothrombin time (PT).
(D) Partial thromboplastin time (PTT).

Back 75

C) Prothrombin time (PT)

Front 76

According to the recommendation from the American Cancer Society, monthly breast
self-examination should begin at the age of
(A) 20.
(B) 30.
(C) 35.
(D) 40.

Back 76

A) 20

Front 77

A deficiency of vitamin C may result in
(A) Scurvy.
(B) Anemia.
(C) Pellagra.
(D)Night blindness.

Back 77

A) Scurvy

Front 78

Which of the following procedures is required to confirm the diagnosis of
endometriosis?
(A) CAT scan.
(B) Sonography.
(C) Laparoscopy.
(D)Hormonal testing.

Back 78

C) Laparoscopy

Front 79

An elevated blood ammonia level suggests a pathological condition in the
(A) Liver.
(B) Kidney.
(C) Pancreas.
(D)Urinary bladder.

Back 79

A) Liver

Front 80

What nerve roots contribute to the formation of the sciatic nerve?
(A) L1 - L5 and S1 - S4.
(B) L2 - L4 and S1 - S2.
(C) L3 - L5 and S1 - S3.
(D) L4 - L5 and S1 - S3.

Back 80

D) L4 - L5 and S1 - S3.

Front 81

A patient presents with steatorrhea (fatty diarrhea). The stools are pale-colored,
extremely smelly, floating in the toilet bowl and difficult to flush away. He has no
abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, or jaundice. What is the most probable type or
cause of his diarrhea?
(A)Malabsorption.
(B) Osmotic diarrhea.
(C) Parasitic infection.
(D)Abnormal intestinal motility.

Back 81

A) Malabsorption

Front 82

A pulsatile mass palpated in the middle of the abdomen is most likely to be an
(A)Aortic aneurysm.
(B) Ovarian malignancy.
(C) Epigastric distention.
(D) Intestinal obstruction.

Back 82

A) Aortic aneurysm

Front 83

Pernicious anemia results from defective secretion of the intrinsic factor by the gastric
mucosal cells, causing diminished absorption of which vitamin?
(A)Vitamin B1.
(B) Vitamin B3.
(C) Vitamin B6.
(D)Vitamin B12.

Back 83

D) Vit B12

Front 84

The head of the humerus is to the glenoid fossa as the head of the femur is to the
(A)Obturator.
(B) Acetabulum.
(C) Symphysis pubis.
(D)Greater trochanter.

Back 84

B) Acetabulum

Front 85

Raising the arm above the shoulder with elicited pain and paresthesias (pins-andneedles
sensations) in the shoulder, arm and hand is a finding that suggests
(A) Frozen shoulder.
(B) Carpal tunnel syndrome.
(C) Thoracic outlet syndrome.
(D) Tennis elbow or golfer’s elbow.

Back 85

C) Thoracic outlet syndrome

Front 86

A commonly used assessment tool with estimates of the percentages of the total body
surface area (TBSA) burned is the rule of nines. If a person has a second-degree burn
covering the entire right upper limb and right lower limb without affecting the genital
area, what would be the approximate percentage of TBSA burned?
(A) 9%.
(B) 18%.
(C) 27%.
(D) 36%.

Back 86

C) 27%

Front 87

An athlete receives a severe blow to the lateral side of the right knee while playing
football. Examination two hours later reveals a stiffly swollen knee with aspiration of
hemorrhagic effusion of the joint. Each of the following structures may be
significantly torn in the patient’s right knee EXCEPT
(A)Achilles tendon.
(B) Medial meniscus.
(C) Medial collateral ligament.
(D)Anterior cruciate ligament.

Back 87

A) Achilles tendon

Front 88

Which one of the following immunoglobulins (Igs) is involved in type I
hypersensitivity or allergic reactions?
(A) Ig A.
(B) Ig E.
(C) Ig G.
(D) Ig M.

Back 88

B) Ig E

Front 89

Contraction of the sternocleidomastoid (SCM) muscle on one side results in
(A) Flexion of the head.
(B) Extension of the head.
(C) Turning of the head to the same side.
(D) Turning of the head to the opposite side.

Back 89

D) Turning of the head to the opposite side

Front 90

b-Adrenergic blockers belong to what class of antiarrhythmic drugs?
(A) Class I.
(B) Class II.
(C) Class III.
(D) Class IV.

Back 90

B) Class II

Front 91

Which cranial nerve controls the movement of the tongue?
(A) CN V (Trigeminal).
(B) CN VII (Facial).
(C) CN IX (Glossopharyngeal).
(D) CN XII (Hypoglossal).

Back 91

D) CN XII (hypoglossal)

Front 92

Clinical manifestations of a patient with pins-and-needles sensations down the arm
and around the lips as well as muscle spasms would most likely suggest
(A)Hypokalemia.
(B) Hyperkalemia.
(C) Hypocalcemia.
(D)Hypercalcemia.

Back 92

C) Hypocalcemia

Front 93

On neurological examination, a patient is found to have grade 3 muscle strength in
hamstrings and triceps brachii without obvious muscle wasting. The biceps reflex is
recorded as 3+, while the knee and ankle jerks are recorded as 4+ with clonus. There
is also an extensor plantar response (i.e. positive Babinski’s sign). Where is the
neuronal lesion of this patient located?
(A)Upper motor neuron only.
(B) Lower motor neuron only.
(C) Both upper and lower motor neurons.
(D)Neither upper nor lower motor neurons.

Back 93

A) Upper motor neuron only.

Front 94

Antioxidant vitamins include all of the following EXCEPT
(A)Vitamin A.
(B) Vitamin C.
(C) Vitamin D.
(D)Vitamin E.

Back 94

C) Vitamin D

Front 95

Which one of the following muscles is NOT a member of hamstrings?
(A) Biceps femoris.
(B) Rectus femoris.
(C) Semitendinosus.
(D) Semimembranosus.

Back 95

B) Rectus femoris

Front 96

Hepatitis D must be co-infected with
(A)Hepatitis A.
(B) Hepatitis B.
(C) Hepatitis C.
(D)Hepatitis E.

Back 96

B) Hepatitis B

Front 97

What medical imaging study is most suitable for evaluating muscular or soft tissue
injuries?
(A) Contrast radiography.
(B) Computerized tomography (CT).
(C) Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).
(D) Positron emission tomography (PET).

Back 97

C) Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

Front 98

Ascites, an abnormal accumulation of serous fluid in the peritoneal cavity, is most
likely caused by
(A)Gallstones.
(B) Acute hepatitis.
(C) Hepatic cirrhosis.
(D) Chronic pancreatitis.

Back 98

C) Hepatic cirrhosis

Front 99

Visual examination of the uterus and uterine lining using an endoscope inserted
through the vagina is called
(A) Cystoscopy.
(B) Colposcopy.
(C) Colonoscopy.
(D)Hysteroscopy.

Back 99

D) Hysteroscopy

Front 100

Alternating diarrhea and constipation associated with abdominal pain is highly
suggestive of
(A) Colorectal carcinoma.
(B) Campylobacter enteritis.
(C) Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS).
(D) Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).

Back 100

C) Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS)

Front 101

How many bones are there totally in the human skeleton?
(A) 80.
(B) 126.
(C) 200.
(D) 206.

Back 101

D) 206

Front 102

Which of the following eye disorders is characterized by increased intraocular
pressure (IOP), which may lead to damage to the optic nerve and loss of vision?
(A) Cataract.
(B) Glaucoma.
(C) Astigmatism.
(D) Conjunctivitis.

Back 102

B) Glaucoma

Front 103

The nature of multiple sclerosis (MS) is
(A) Infection.
(B) Degeneration.
(C) Demyelination.
(D) Metabolic disturbance.

Back 103

C) Demyelination

Front 104

Bacterial infection with Helicobacter pylori is associated with
(A) Peptic ulcer disease (PUD).
(B) Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS).
(C) Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).
(D) Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD).

Back 104

A) Peptic ulcer disease (PUD)

Front 105

Difficulty in keeping balance when walking is most likely due to a lesion in which
cranial nerve?
(A) CN VIII (Vestibulocochlear).
(B) CN IX (Glossopharyngeal).
(C) CN X (Vagus).
(D) CN XI (Accessory).

Back 105

A) CN VIII (Vestibulocochlear)

Front 106

According to the new standard of classification, a blood pressure of 140/90 mmHg is
considered to be
(A)Normal.
(B) Prehypertension.
(C) Stage I hypertension.
(D) Stage II hypertension.

Back 106

C) Stage I hypertension

Front 107

Weber and Rinne tests are useful in the differential diagnosis of
(A) Tinnitus.
(B) Deafness.
(C) Blindness.
(D) Dizziness and vertigo.

Back 107

B) Deafness

Front 108

Which of the following agents is an antibiotic that may be used to treat respiratory,
digestive, urinary, and reproductive tract infections?
(A) Enalapril (Vasotec®).
(B) Lorazepam (Ativan®).
(C) Atorvastatin (Lipitor®).
(D) Ciprofloxacin (Cipro®).

Back 108

D) Ciprofloxacin (Cipro)

Front 109

International Classification of Diseases (ICD) is the World Health Organization
(WHO) standard used primarily for
(A) Statistics.
(B) Diagnosis.
(C) Treatment.
(D) Prevention.

Back 109

B) Diagnosis

Front 110

A young child is brought into the emergency room by the parents because of crying
and coughing. Upon physical examination, the child is found to be afebrile and
scared. Multiple bruises and burns over the limbs are also noted. The appropriate next
step in the management of this case should be
(A) To refer to a pediatrician.
(B) To recommend a chest X-ray.
(C) To contact a child protective agency.
(D) To ask if the child has been physically abused.

Back 110

C) To contact a child protective agency

Front 111

Which blood vessel below provides blood supply to the cardiac muscle?
(A) Cardiac vein.
(B) Pulmonary vein.
(C) Coronary artery.
(D) Pulmonary artery.

Back 111

C) Coronary artery

Front 112

Calcium ions are required for
(A) Bone density.
(B) Blood clotting.
(C) Muscle contraction.
(D) All of the above.

Back 112

D) All of the above

Front 113

A deficiency of which vitamin listed below may cause rickets in children or
osteomalacia in adults?
(A) Vitamin A.
(B) Vitamin B.
(C) Vitamin C.
(D) Vitamin D.

Back 113

D) Vitamin D

Front 114

Mosquito bites may transmit all of the following diseases EXCEPT
(A) Malaria.
(B) Filariasis.
(C) Yellow fever.
(D) Rocky Mountain spotted fever.

Back 114

D) Rocky Mountain spotted fever

Front 115

How often does the American Cancer Society recommend clinical breast examination
by a health care professional and mammography for women over the age of 40?
(A) Yearly.
(B) Monthly.
(C) Every 2 years.
(D) Every 3 years.

Back 115

A) Yearly

Front 116

Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) is a nonspecific test used to detect illnesses
associated with
(A) Anemia.
(B) Jaundice.
(C) Hemolysis.
(D) Inflammation

Back 116

D) Inflammation

Front 117

Which one of the following drugs is a strong diuretic?
(A) Furosemide (Lasix®).
(B) Clopidogrel (Plavix®).
(C) Montelukast (Singulair®).
(D) Metformin (Glucophage®).

Back 117

A) Furosemide

Front 118

Disposable acupuncture needles are chemically pre-sterilized by
(A) Autoclaving.
(B) Ethylene oxide.
(C) Isopropyl alcohol.
(D) Hydrogen peroxide

Back 118

B) ethylene oxide

Front 119

The single most important procedure in preventing cross-infection would be
(A) Vaccination.
(B) Hand washing.
(C) Use of alcohol swabs.
(D) Administration of antibiotics.

Back 119

B) Hand washing

Front 120

The mission of Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) is to assure
the safety and health of America’s workers by setting and enforcing standards;
providing training, outreach, and education; establishing partnerships; and
encouraging continual improvement in workplace safety and health. It is a type of
(A) City regulation.
(B) State regulation.
(C) Federal regulation.
(D) International regulation.

Back 120

C) Federal regulation

Front 121

Wrist drop may be due to an injury to which nerve listed below?
(A) Ulnar nerve.
(B) Radial nerve.
(C) Median nerve.
(D) Musculocutaneous nerve.

Back 121

B) Radial nerve

Front 122

Which one of the following is included in the renal function tests?
(A) Blood urea nitrogen (BUN).
(B) Alkaline phosphatase (ALP).
(C) Alanine aminotransferase (ALT).
(D) Aspartate aminotransferase (AST).

Back 122

A) Blood urea nitrogen (BUN)

Front 123

A medical imaging that requires computer processing, but does not use ionizing
radiation or contrast medium would be
(A)Ultrasound.
(B) Conventional radiography.
(C) Computerized tomography (CT).
(D)Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Back 123

A) Ultrasound

Front 124

A pregnant woman has elevated levels of leukocyte esterase and nitrites in her urine.
What does it most likely indicate?
(A) Urinary stones.
(B) Premature labor.
(C) Normal findings.
(D) Bladder infection.

Back 124

D) Bladder infection

Front 125

A patient presents with total body aches and exhaustion, accompanied by sleep
disturbance. Clinical signs include trigger points over certain body areas, and absence
of objective inflammation. What is the most likely medical diagnosis?
(A) Depression.
(B) Fibromyalgia.
(C) Multiple sclerosis.
(D) Chronic fatigue syndrome.

Back 125

B) Fibromyalgia

Front 126

A test of position sense is positive when the patient has difficulty standing stably with
feet together and eyes closed. This is also known as a positive
(A) Kernig’s sign.
(B) Murphy’s sign.
(C) Rovsing’s sign.
(D) Romberg’s sign.

Back 126

D) Romberg's sign

Front 127

Pseudomembranous colitis is caused by prolonged use of certain antibiotics. The
causative bacterium is
(A) Bacillus cereus.
(B) Helicobacter pylori.
(C) Clostridium difficile.
(D) Streptococcus pyogenes.

Back 127

C) Clostridium difficile

Front 128

Intervertebral disk herniation at the level of L3 and L4 would result in
(A) Pain in the heel.
(B) Decreased knee jerk.
(C) Decreased ankle jerk.
(D)Weakness of Achilles tendon.

Back 128

B) Decreased knee jerk

Front 129

Which of the following drugs is therapeutically used for acute and chronic diarrhea?
(A) Nizatidine (Axid®).
(B) Amoxicillin (Amoxil®).
(C) Metronidazole (Flagyl®).
(D) Loperamide (Imodium®).

Back 129

D) Loperamide (Imodium)

Front 130

Elevated serum amylase and lipase levels are indicative of which inflammatory
digestive disorder?
(A) Gastritis.
(B) Hepatitis.
(C) Pancreatitis.
(D) Cholecystitis.

Back 130

C) Pancreatitis

Front 131

A middle-aged jackhammer operator comes to the clinic, complaining of burning pain
and tingling sensation in the medial aspect of the wrist and palm. A physical
examination shows diminished grip strength and muscular atrophy of the thenar
eminence. What is the most likely medical diagnosis?
(A) Osteoarthritis.
(B) Wrist fracture.
(C) Rheumatoid arthritis.
(D) Carpal tunnel syndrome.

Back 131

D) Carpal tunnel syndrome

Front 132

Which of the following is NOT a member of quadriceps?
(A) Biceps femoris.
(B) Vastus lateralis.
(C) Vastus medialis.
(D) Vastus intermedius.

Back 132

A) Biceps femoris

Front 133

Which of the following is the most important aspect that you may communicate with
the patient’s physician?
(A) State license.
(B) CNT procedure.
(C) Graduate degree.
(D) NCCAOM certificate.

Back 133

B) CNT procedure

Front 134

Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) III refers to
(A) Mild dysplasia.
(B) Moderate dysplasia.
(C) Severe dysplasia or carcinoma-in-situ.
(D) Invasive carcinoma.

Back 134

C) Severe dysplasia or carinoma-in-situ

Front 135

Which substance in the urine should be routinely monitored for a woman with
pregnancy-induced hypertension in order to prevent pre-eclampsia and eclampsia?
(A) Protein.
(B) Glucose.
(C) Bilirubin.
(D) Ketone bodies.

Back 135

A) Protein

Front 136

A disease that occurs worldwide is said to be
(A) Sporadic.
(B) Endemic.
(C) Epidemic.
(D) Pandemic.

Back 136

D) Pandemic

Front 137

According to the NCCAOM’s code of ethics, an acupuncture or Oriental medicine
practitioner should not engage in sexual contact with a former patient unless a period
of how many months has elapsed since the date that the professional relationship
ended?
(A) 1 month.
(B) 3 months.
(C) 6 months.
(D) 12 months.

Back 137

C) 6 months

Front 138

An abnormal sound heard when a stethoscope is placed in the carotid artery area is
referred to as
(A) Rub.
(B) Hum.
(C) Bruit.
(D) Murmur.

Back 138

C) Bruit

Front 139

Which of the following tumor markers is used to detect hepatocellular carcinoma?
(A) PSA.
(B) CEA.
(C) a-FP.
(D) CA-125.

Back 139

C) a-FP

Front 140

For a patient with knee injury, McMurray test is useful in the evaluation of the
(A) Meniscus.
(B) Patellar ligament.
(C) Cruciate ligament.
(D) Collateral ligament.

Back 140

A) Meniscus

Front 141

In physical examination, percussion over a fluid-filled area, such as pleural effusion,
produces a
(A) Dull note.
(B) Resonant note.
(C) Stony dull note.
(D) Hyperresonant note.

Back 141

C) Stony dull note

Front 142

Which cranial nerve is affected in Bell’s palsy?
(A) CN III (Oculomotor).
(B) CN V (Trigeminal).
(C) CN VII (Facial).
(D) CN IX (Glossopharyngeal).

Back 142

C) CN VII (Facial)

Front 143

Which of the following endocrine or genetic diseases is characterized by
hyperpigmentation?
(A) Addison’s disease.
(B) Turner’s syndrome.
(C) Cushing’s syndrome.
(D) Klinefelter’s syndrome.

Back 143

A) Addison's disease

Front 144

Which wave or wave complex of the electrocardiogram (ECG) reflects ventricular
depolarization?
(A) P wave.
(B) QRS wave complex.
(C) T wave.
(D) U wave.

Back 144

B) QRS wave complex

Front 145

The drug of choice in the treatment of penicillin-induced anaphylactic shock is
(A) Epinephrine.
(B) Isoproterenol.
(C) Phenylephrine.
(D) Norepinephrine.

Back 145

A) Epinephrine

Front 146

What is the specialized area called at a neuromuscular junction where an axon
terminal of a motor neuron makes a synapse with a skeletal muscle cell?
(A) Synaptic cleft.
(B) Motor endplate.
(C) Muscle endplate.
(D) Cholinergic receptor.

Back 146

B) Motor endplate

Front 147

Which category of drugs is administered in the treatment of high blood cholesterol
levels?
(A) ACE inhibitors.
(B) MAO inhibitors.
(C) HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors.
(D) Na+-K+ ATPase pump inhibitors.

Back 147

C) HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors

Front 148

A patient with hyperthyroidism may present with
(A) Lack of appetite and weight loss.
(B) Lack of appetite and weight gain.
(C) Increased appetite and weight loss.
(D) Increased appetite and weight gain.

Back 148

C) Increased appetite and weight loss

Front 149

Which of the following is an example of oral hypoglycemic drugs?
(A) Oxytocin (Pitocin®).
(B) Methimazole (Tapazole®).
(C) Metformin (Glucophage®).
(D) Levothyroxine (Synthroid®).

Back 149

C) Metformin (Glucophage)

Front 150

The regulatory center of the body temperature is located in the
(A) Skin.
(B) Blood vessels.
(C) Hypothalamus.
(D) Pituitary gland.

Back 150

C) Hypothalamus

Front 151

A nerve cell releases a neurotransmitter or an endocrine cell secretes a hormone by
way of
(A) Exocytosis.
(B) Pinocytosis.
(C) Endocytosis.
(D) Phagocytosis.

Back 151

A) Exocytosis

Front 152

Benadryl-D® is a combination of diphendydramine (Benadryl®) and phenylephrine.
The former is an antihistamine, while the latter is a
(A) Sinus antibiotic.
(B) Cough suppressant.
(C) Nasal decongestant.
(D) Sputum expectorant.

Back 152

C) Nasal decongestant

Front 153

Which one of the following musculoskeletal disorders is also known as degenerative
joint disease?
(A) Osteoporosis.
(B) Osteoarthritis.
(C) Rheumatoid arthritis.
(D) Polymyalgia rheumatica.

Back 153

B) Osteoarthritis

Front 154

Contralateral hemiplegia is the paralysis occurring on the side of the body opposite to
the side of the brain where the causal lesion is found. It is most commonly due to
(A) Diabetes mellitus.
(B) Multiple sclerosis.
(C) Spinal cord injury.
(D) Cerebrovascular accident

Back 154

D) Cerebrovascular accident

Front 155

Hematemesis may be caused by
(A) Hepatic cirrhosis.
(B) Peptic ulcer disease.
(C) Esophageal carcinoma.
(D) All of the above.

Back 155

D) All of the above

Front 156

Sudden onset of light-colored stools is most likely suggestive of
(A) Gallstones.
(B) Renal stones.
(C) Hemolytic jaundice.
(D) Intestinal obstruction.

Back 156

A) Gallstones

Front 157

What is the best test for the early detection of avascular necrosis of the bone?
(A) MRI.
(B) CAT scan.
(C) Blood test.
(D) Bone X-rays.

Back 157

A) MRI

Front 158

What degree of burns will be red, swollen and painful, and possibly develop blisters
that may ooze a clear fluid?
(A) First-degree burns.
(B) Second-degree burns.
(C) Third-degree burns.
(D) Fourth-degree burns.

Back 158

B) Second-degree burns

Front 159

An elderly patient presents with depressed mood, dull expression, puffiness of the
face and eyes, and dry, sparse and coarse skin. A diagnosis of myxedema is
suspected. What other symptom(s) may also be seen in this patient?
(A)Weight loss.
(B) Constipation.
(C) Heat intolerance.
(D) All of the above.

Back 159

B) Constipation

Front 160

The most common initial symptom of lung cancer is
(A) Chest pain.
(B) Persistent cough.
(C) Intermittent wheezing.
(D) Blood-streaked sputum.

Back 160

B) Persistent cough

Front 161

A patient is required to sign a consent form prior to acupuncture treatment, because
(A) It is a state law.
(B) It is a federal law.
(C) It protects the patient's privacy.
(D) It exempts the doctor from malpractice.

Back 161

B) It is federal law

Front 162

Which of the following cardiac conditions is most life-threatening?
(A) Atrial flutter.
(B) Premature heartbeat.
(C) Ventricular fibrillation.
(D) Supraventricular tachycardia.

Back 162

C) Ventricular fibrillation

Front 163

The space between two lungs in the chest is known as
(A) Pleura.
(B) Diaphragm.
(C) Pericardium.
(D) Mediastinum.

Back 163

D) Mediastinum

Front 164

Heart block occurs most often in the
(A) Bundle of His.
(B) Purkinje fibers.
(C) Sinoatrial (SA) node.
(D) Atrioventricular (AV) node.

Back 164

D) Atrioventricular (AV) node

Front 165

Which one of the following abused substances has the lowest dependence?
(A) Heroin.
(B) Alcohol.
(C) Cocaine.
(D) Marijuana.

Back 165

D) Marijuana

Front 166

Ezetimibe (Zetia®) is a cholesterol-lowering drug that acts on the
(A) Liver.
(B) Blood.
(C) Intestine.
(D) Adipose tissue.

Back 166

C) Intestine

Front 167

Coronary sinus returns blood to the
(A) Left atrium.
(B) Right atrium.
(C) Left ventricle.
(D) Right ventricle.

Back 167

B) Right Atrium

Front 168

The U.S. Preventive Services Task Force recommends routine bone density screening
for women
(A) 55 years or older.
(B) 60 years or older.
(C) 65 years or older.
(D) 70 years or older.

Back 168

C) 65 years or older

Front 169

All of the following are the examples of electrodiagnostic tests for cardiac disorders
EXCEPT
(A) Holter monitoring.
(B) Cardiac stress testing.
(C) Cardiac catheterization.
(D) Electrocardiography (ECG).

Back 169

C) Cardiac catheterization

Front 170

All of the following are rash-producing viral diseases EXCEPT
(A) Rubella.
(B) Measles.
(C) Impetigo.
(D) Chickenpox.

Back 170

C) Impetigo

Front 171

An endocrine disorder that is NOT of autoimmune origin would be
(A) Graves’ disease.
(B) Addison’s disease.
(C) Cushing’s syndrome.
(D) Hashimoto’s thyroiditis.

Back 171

C) Cushing's syndrome

Front 172

Early clues to the diagnosis of major depression include all of the following EXCEPT
(A) Anhedonia.
(B) Sleep disorders.
(C) Low self-esteem.
(D) Suicidal ideation.

Back 172

D) Suicidal ideation

Front 173

Which of the following signs is NOT detected by inspection and/or palpation during
cardiac examinations?
(A) Thrill.
(B) Murmur.
(C) Apical impulse.
(D) Carotid pulsation.

Back 173

B) Murmur

Front 174

A 60-year-old patient presents with neck pain, abnormal sensations in the arms,
muscle weakness in the legs, and problems with balance. There is no history of any
traumatic injuries. What is the most likely medical diagnosis?
(A)Whiplash injury.
(B) Parkinson’s disease.
(C) Cervical spondylosis.
(D) Spinal muscular atrophy.

Back 174

C) Cervical spondylosis

Front 175

A localized collection of pus in the tissue, which is usually caused by a bacterial
infection, is known as
(A) Boil.
(B) Abscess.
(C) Furuncle.
(D) Carbuncle.

Back 175

B) Abscess

Front 176

Furosemide (Lasix®) is primarily indicated in patients with
(A) Hypertension.
(B) Ascites due to hepatic cirrhosis.
(C) Edema associated with heart failure.
(D) All of the above.

Back 176

D) All of the above

Front 177

Medical records are the property of the
(A) Patient.
(B) Insurance company.
(C) Legal representative.
(D) Physician or hospital.

Back 177

D) Physician or hospital

Front 178

Facial characteristics are typical of certain diseases. Which of the following
statements best describes a patient with Parkinson’s disease?
(A) Sunken eyes and collapsed temples.
(B) Moon-shaped face with acne and hirsutism.
(C) Lack of facial expression or mask-like face.
(D) Oblique orbital fissures and flat nasal bridge.

Back 178

C) Lack of facial expression or mask-like face

Front 179

A friction rub is the cracking sound that derives from the
(A) Lung.
(B) Heart.
(C) Pleura.
(D) Stomach.

Back 179

C) Pleura

Front 180

How often should a breast or testicular self-examination be performed?
(A) Daily.
(B) Yearly.
(C) Weekly.
(D) Monthly.

Back 180

D) Monthly

Front 181

Side effects of hormonal contraception include
(A) Headache.
(B) Irregular bleeding.
(C) Thromboembolism.
(D) All of the above.

Back 181

D) All of the above

Front 182

Sustained clonus, which is the rhythmic oscillations between flexion and extension,
may confirm the presence of
(A) Normal reflexes.
(B) Lack of reflexes.
(C) Hypoactive reflexes.
(D) Hyperactive reflexes.

Back 182

D) Hyperactive reflexes

Front 183

Patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) may develop respiratory
acidosis, which, on the blood chemistry screen, is revealed by
(A) Hypercapnia.
(B) Hyperkalemia.
(C) Hypernatremia.
(D) Hyperchloremia.

Back 183

A) Hypercapnia

Front 184

A patient with a long history of heart disease frequently wakes up at night when he is
sleeping because of angina and dyspnea. What would be his cardiac functional status?
(A) Class I.
(B) Class II.
(C) Class III.
(D) Class IV.

Back 184

D) Class IV

Front 185

Bovine cough, i.e. cough without usual explosive beginning, may indicate
(A) Airway limitation.
(B) Vocal cord paralysis.
(C) Excessive bronchial secretion.
(D) Side effect from use of ACE inhibitors.

Back 185

B) Vocal cord paralysis

Front 186

Which of the following cranial nerves carries sensory impulses from carotid
baroreceptors and chemoreceptors?
(A) CN VIII (Vestibulocochlear).
(B) CN IX (Glossopharyngeal).
(C) CN X (Vagus).
(D) CN XI (Accessory).

Back 186

B) CN IX (Glossopharyngeal)

Front 187

An erythematous “butterfly” rash over the cheeks and nasal bridge is a classical sign
that is diagnostic of
(A) Eczema.
(B) Scleroderma.
(C) Rheumatoid arthritis (RA).
(D) Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).

Back 187

D) Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)

Front 188

A teenage girl with an eating disorder is brought to the clinic most probably with a
chief complaint of
(A) Insomnia.
(B) Weight loss.
(C) Amenorrhea.
(D) Poor appetite.

Back 188

C) Amenorrhea

Front 189

Colles’ fracture is located at the distal end of which bone?
(A) Ulna.
(B) Femur.
(C) Radius.
(D) Humerus.

Back 189

C) Radius

Front 190

Propranolol (Inderal®) is therapeutically used for all of the following medical
conditions EXCEPT
(A) Migraine.
(B) Hypertension.
(C) Hypothyroidism.
(D) Cardiac arrhythmia.

Back 190

C) Hypothyroidism

Front 191

What type of tremor is caused by damage to or malfunction of the cerebellum?
(A) Resting tremor.
(B) Flapping tremor.
(C) Intention tremor.
(D) Essential tremor.

Back 191

C) Intention tremor

Front 192

Ménière’s disease is clinically manifested by
(A) Ringing in the ears.
(B) Progressive loss of hearing.
(C) Sudden, episodic attacks of vertigo.
(D) All of the above.

Back 192

D) All of the above

Front 193

According to the modified Jones criteria for the diagnosis of rheumatic fever, major
manifestations include
(A) Fever.
(B) Carditis.
(C) Arthralgia.
(D) Elevated ASO titer.

Back 193

B) Carditis

Front 194

Physical signs of lower motor neuron (LMN) lesions do NOT include
(A) Positive Babinski’s sign.
(B) Prominent muscle wasting.
(C) Flaccid muscular paralysis.
(D) Decreased deep tendon reflexes.

Back 194

A) Positive Babinski's sign

Front 195

Which one of the following bacteria is responsible for cholera?
(A) Vibrio.
(B) Shigella.
(C) Salmonella.
(D) Escherichia.

Back 195

A) Vibrio

Front 196

Which spinal nerve is NOT issued from the lumbosacral plexus?
(A) Sciatic nerve.
(B) Phrenic nerve.
(C) Femoral nerve.
(D) Obturator nerve.

Back 196

B) Phrenic

Front 197

Which antiemetic agent acts by selectively blocking serotonin receptors?
(A) Dronabinol (Marinol®).
(B) Ondansetron (Zofran®).
(C) Metoclopramide (Reglan®).
(D) Prochlorperazine (Compazine®).

Back 197

B) Ondansetron (Zofran)

Front 198

What type of medical imaging belongs to nuclear medicine?
(A) Ultrasonography (U/S).
(B) Computed axial tomography (CAT).
(C) Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).
(D) Positron emission tomography (PET).

Back 198

D) Positron emission tomography (PET)

Front 199

A young boy who recently immigrated to this country from Southeast Asia comes to
the clinic, complaining of low-grade fever, malaise, night sweats, and cough with
blood-tinged sputum. The patient needs to be referred to a physician to rule out
(A) Asthma.
(B) Bronchitis.
(C) Pneumonia.
(D) Tuberculosis.

Back 199

D) Tuberculosis

Front 200

Antibiotics that act as bacterial protein synthesis inhibitors include all of the
following EXCEPT
(A) Vancomycin.
(B) Clindamycin.
(C) Streptomycin.
(D) Erythromycin.

Back 200

A) Vancomycin

Front 201

A 60-year-old man presents with painless hematuria. Which of the following diseases
should be first ruled out?
(A) Prostatitis.
(B) Kidney stone.
(C) Bladder cancer.
(D)Urinary tract infection.

Back 201

C) Bladder Cancer

Front 202

Caduet®, a combination of amlodipine (Norvasc®) and atorvastatin (Lipitor®), is
indicated in which of the following medical conditions?
(A)Hypertension.
(B) Angina pectoris.
(C) Hypercholesterolemia.
(D)All of the above.

Back 202

D) All of the above

Front 203

Which brand name of the following antacids contains aluminum and magnesium
hydroxide?
(A)Maalox®.
(B) Mylanta®.
(C) Gaviscon®.
(D)All of the above.

Back 203

D) All of the above

Front 204

Boutonniére deformity of the finger, in which there are hyperflexed PIP joint and
hyperextended DIP, is most likely seen in
(A)Osteoporosis.
(B) Osteoarthritis.
(C) Rheumatic fever.
(D) Rheumatoid arthritis.

Back 204

D) Rheumatoid arthritis

Front 205

Which of the following clinical manifestations may suggest a stroke attack?
(A) Sudden severe headache with no apparent cause.
(B) Loss of balance and coordination, leading to falls.
(C) Sudden dimness or loss of vision, especially in one eye.
(D)All of the above.

Back 205

D) all of the above

Front 206

The most common sites of aneurysm include abdominal aorta and arteries
(A)At the base of the brain.
(B) Around the cardiac muscle.
(C) In the pulmonary circulation.
(D)All of the above.

Back 206

A) At the base of the brain

Front 207

Endemic simple goiter or enlargement of the thyroid gland is most commonly caused
by a deficiency of
(A) Iodine.
(B) Copper.
(C) Calcium.
(D) Chloride.

Back 207

A) Iodine

Front 208

Hematochezia differs from melena in that the former is the passage of bloody stools
that is associated with lower GI tract bleeding. What is the common etiology of
hematochezia in adults?
(A)Hemorrhoids.
(B) Colorectal cancer.
(C) Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).
(D)All of the above.

Back 208

D) All of the above

Front 209

An antimicrobial agent that is effective in the treatment of amebiasis, giardiasis,
trichomoniasis, and anaerobic bacterial infections would be
(A) Cephalexin (Keflex®).
(B) Metronidazole (Flagyl®).
(C) Ampicillin and sulbactam (Unasyn®).
(D)Amoxicillin and clavulanate (Augmentin®).

Back 209

B) Metronidazole (Flagyl)

Front 210

The internal source of vitamin K in the human body would be
(A) Liver cells.
(B) Kidney cells.
(C) Intestinal bacteria.
(D) Bone marrow tissues.

Back 210

C) Intestinal bacteria

Front 211

Which symptom has the most diagnostic value in the evaluation of diabetes mellitus?
(A) Edema.
(B) Fatigue.
(C) Insomnia.
(D) Constipation.

Back 211

B) Fatigue

Front 212

Which of the following categories of drugs are used to reduce the secretion of gastric
acid in the treatment of peptic ulcer disease (PUD)?
(A) Antacids.
(B) Proton pump activators.
(C) Antibiotics for H. pylori.
(D) Histamine receptor blockers.

Back 212

D) Histamine receptor blockers

Front 213

What type of edema usually starts around the ankle area?
(A) Renal edema.
(B) Hepatic edema.
(C) Cardiac edema.
(D) Pulmonary edema.

Back 213

C) Cardiac edema

Front 214

Jaundice is the yellowish discoloration of the skin and sclera, which is more
commonly seen in
(A)Hepatitis A.
(B) Hepatitis B.
(C) Hepatitis C.
(D)Hepatitis D.

Back 214

A) Hepatitis A

Front 215

A confirmatory diagnosis of a herniated intervertebral disk is best achieved by
(A) Plain X-rays.
(B) Ultrasonography.
(C) Clinical manifestations.
(D)Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Back 215

D) MRI

Front 216

A middle-aged woman presents with lumpy breasts. Which of the following
symptoms or signs is most indicative of breast cancer?
(A) Multiple semisolid lumps in both breasts.
(B) Nipple discharge in non-lactating situations.
(C) Warm, swollen, and tender lymph nodes in the armpit.
(D) Breast tenderness with rope-like lumpiness in the upper lateral quadrant.

Back 216

B) Nipple discharge in non-lactating situations

Front 217

Common complications of heart disease include
(A) Cardiac arrhythmia.
(B) Myocardial infarction.
(C) Congestive heart failure.
(D)All of the above.

Back 217

D) All of the above

Front 218

Which of the following disorders of the urinary system mainly affects older people?
(A)Urinary retention.
(B) Urinary incontinence.
(C) Urinary tract infection.
(D)All of the above.

Back 218

D) All of the above

Front 219

Inability to move the eyeball laterally is due to damage to
(A) CN II (Optic nerve).
(B) CN III (Oculomotor nerve).
(C) CN IV (Trochlear nerve).
(D) CN VI (Abducens nerve).

Back 219

D) CN VI (Abducens nerve)

Front 220

Which one of the following conditions is NOT an example of fungal infections?
(A) Jock itch.
(B) Genital warts.
(C) Athlete’s foot.
(D) Scalp ringworm.

Back 220

B) Genital Warts

Front 221

For most cancers, the definitive diagnosis is based on
(A)MRI.
(B) Biopsy.
(C) CAT scan.
(D)Ultrasound.

Back 221

B) Biopsy

Front 222

Clopidogrel bisulfate (Plavix®) is a platelet aggregation inhibitor that has been
shown to be effective in the prevention of
(A)Myocardial infarction.
(B) Peripheral artery disease.
(C) Cerebrovascular accident.
(D)All of the above.

Back 222

D) All of the above

Front 223

Calcitonin, a hormone involved in the regulation of calcium metabolism, is secreted
by the
(A) Pineal gland.
(B) Thymus gland.
(C) Thyroid gland.
(D) Parathyroid glands.

Back 223

C) Thyroid gland

Front 224

In the female pelvic cavity, 3 structures from anterior to posterior are respectively
(A)Urinary bladder, rectum, and uterus.
(B) Urinary bladder, uterus, and rectum.
(C) Uterus, rectum, and urinary bladder.
(D)Uterus, urinary bladder, and rectum.

Back 224

B) Urinary bladder, uterus, rectum

Front 225

Ketoacidosis is one of the severe complications of diabetes mellitus. Which of the
following is the compensatory mechanism for this acid-base disturbance?
(A)Hypoglycemia.
(B) Hyperglycemia.
(C) Hypoventilation.
(D)Hyperventilation.

Back 225

D) Hyperventilation

Front 226

The majority of breast cancer are located in the areola (around the nipple) and the
(A)Upper lateral quadrant of the breast.
(B) Lower lateral quadrant of the breast.
(C) Upper medial quadrant of the breast.
(D) Lower medial quadrant of the breast.

Back 226

A) Upper lateral quadrant of the breast

Front 227

Feelings of heat and sweating, especially at night, may suggest
(A)Malignancy.
(B) Menopause.
(C) Tuberculosis.
(D)All of the above.

Back 227

D) All of the above

Front 228

Which one of the following is a coding system of the American Medical Association
(AMA)?
(A) ICD.
(B) CPT.
(C) OSHA.
(D)HIPAA.

Back 228

B) CPT

Front 229

The most important risk factor of cervical cancer is the infection with the high-risk
strains of
(A)Hepatitis B virus (HBV).
(B) Herpes simplex virus (HSV).
(C) Human papilloma virus (HPV).
(D)Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).

Back 229

C) Human papilloma virus (HPV)

Front 230

To increase detection of colorectal cancer, screening options include digital rectal
examination (DRE), fecal occult blood test (FOBT), sigmoidoscopy or colonoscopy,
which should all be offered for average-risk individuals at age
(A) 40.
(B) 50.
(C) 55.
(D) 65.

Back 230

B) 50

Front 231

Which two arteries provide blood supply to the brain?
(A) Internal and external carotid arteries.
(B) Internal carotid and vertebral arteries.
(C) External carotid and vertebral arteries.
(D) Common carotid and vertebral arteries.

Back 231

B) Internal carotid and vertebral arteries

Front 232

Endoscopic examinations may visualize the cavity or lumen of all of the following
structures EXCEPT
(A)Heart.
(B) Uterus.
(C) Stomach.
(D) Bronchus.

Back 232

A) Heart

Front 233

Which of the following conditions is classified as a disease with an autoimmune
etiology?
(A)Multiple sclerosis.
(B) Myasthenia gravis.
(C) Rheumatoid arthritis.
(D)All of the above.

Back 233

D) All of the above

Front 234

Which of the following drugs is a mild androgen that may be used in the treatment of
endometriosis?
(A)Danazol (Danocrine®).
(B) Clomiphene (Clomid®).
(C) Tamoxifen (Nolvadex®).
(D)Mifepristone (Mifeprex®).

Back 234

A) Danazol (Danocrine)

Front 235

Which of the following infectious viral diseases is transmitted via a fecal-oral route?
(A) Measles.
(B) Hepatitis B.
(C) Chickenpox.
(D) Poliomyelitis.

Back 235

D) Poliomyelitis

Front 236

Both sex hormones and adrenal cortex hormones are steroid hormones. Their
mechanism of action is
(A) To activate the genes in the nucleus.
(B) To activate the second messenger in the cytoplasm.
(C) To bind to the surface receptors on the plasma membrane.
(D) To bind to the surface receptors on the nuclear membrane

Back 236

A) To activate the genes in the nucleus

Front 237

People on vegan diets are at risk of which vitamin deficiency?
(A)Vitamin B1 (thiamine).
(B) Vitamin B2 (riboflavin).
(C) Vitamin B6 (pyridoxine).
(D)Vitamin B12 (cyanocobalamin).

Back 237

D) Vitamin B12 (cyanocobalamin)

Front 238

Celiac sprue or disease is a hereditary digestive disorder that involves intolerance to
(A) Lipid.
(B) Gluten.
(C) Lactose.
(D)Alcohol.

Back 238

B) Gluten

Front 239

Motor dysphasia or difficulty in speech is most likely caused by a lesion at the
(A) Frontal lobe of the cerebral cortex.
(B) Parietal lobe of the cerebral cortex.
(C) Occipital lobe of the cerebral cortex.
(D) Temporal lobe of the cerebral cortex.

Back 239

A) Frontal lobe of the cerebral cortex

Front 240

The incubation period for hepatitis B is
(A) 3 – 5 days.
(B) 2 – 6 weeks.
(C) 1 – 6 months.
(D) 10 – 20 years.

Back 240

C) 1-6 months

Front 241

Intravenous pyelography (IVP) is the most commonly used radiographic test for the
evaluation of all of the following urinary structures EXCEPT
(A)Ureters.
(B) Urethra.
(C) Kidneys.
(D)Urinary bladder.

Back 241

B) Urethra

Front 242

Ball and socket joints are exemplified by the
(A) Finger and toe joints.
(B)Wrist and ankle joints.
(C) Elbow and knee joints.
(D) Shoulder and hip joints.

Back 242

D) Shoulder and hip joints

Front 243

In evaluating a woman with amenorrhea, which of the following hormone levels may
be tested?
(A) Prolactin (PRL).
(B) Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH).
(C) Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG).
(D)All of the above.

Back 243

D) All of the above

Front 244

An audible or palpable crunching noise during the movement of tendons or ligaments
over the bone is referred to as
(A) Bruit.
(B) Crepitus.
(C) Fremitus.
(D) Friction rub.

Back 244

B) Crepitus

Front 245

Endospore-forming bacteria belong the category of
(A)Gram-positive cocci.
(B) Gram-negative cocci.
(C) Gram-positive bacilli.
(D)Gram-negative bacilli.

Back 245

C) Gram-positive bacilli

Front 246

Anemia may result from a deficiency of which mineral?
(A) Iron.
(B) Zinc.
(C) Iodine.
(D) Copper.

Back 246

A) Iron

Front 247

Malignant melanoma differs from other skin cancers in that the former
(A) Spreads locally only.
(B) Is related to sun exposure.
(C) Occurs in light-skinned people.
(D)Often metastasizes to distant sites.

Back 247

D) Often metastasized to distant sites

Front 248

Which of the following is a corticosteroid drug for the treatment of asthma?
(A)Albuterol (Ventolin®).
(B) Ipratropium (Atrovent®).
(C) Montelukast (Singulair®).
(D) Beclomethasone (Beconase®).

Back 248

D) Beclomethasone

Front 249

Hypercalcemia may be caused by
(A)Hypothyroidism.
(B) Hyperthyroidism.
(C) Hypoparathyroidism.
(D)Hyperparathyroidism.

Back 249

D) Hyperparathyroidism

Front 250

Testing glycated hemoglobin (HbA1C) is useful in measuring blood glucose level over
a period of time and monitoring responses to therapy for
(A)Hypertension.
(B) Diabetes mellitus.
(C) Sickle cell anemia.
(D) Iron deficiency anemia.

Back 250

B) Diabetes mellitus

Front 251

If a patient is suffering from Bell’s palsy, he or she may also have abnormal taste
sensations on the
(A) Anterior 1/3 of the tongue.
(B) Anterior 2/3 of the tongue.
(C) Posterior 1/3 of the tongue.
(D) Posterior 2/3 of the tongue

Back 251

B) Anterior 2/3 of the tongue

Front 252

Gonadotropins, i.e. follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone
(LH), are secreted by the
(A) Ovaries.
(B) Hypothalamus.
(C) Anterior pituitary.
(D) Posterior pituitary.

Back 252

C) Anterior pituitary

Front 253

Which of the following EKG changes may indicate myocardial ischemia or
infarction?
(A) T wave inversion.
(B) ST segment elevation.
(C) ST segment depression.
(D) All of the above.

Back 253

D) All of the above

Front 254

Cullen’s sign, periumbilical darkening (bruising) of the skin, is indicative of
(A) Blunt abdominal trauma.
(B) Ruptured ectopic pregnancy.
(C) Acute hemorrhagic pancreatitis.
(D) All of the above.

Back 254

D) All of the above

Front 255

A teenage girl presents to the clinic with secondary amenorrhea and otherwise
unexplained weight loss. To whom should the practitioner most appropriately refer
this patient for a thorough evaluation?
(A) Psychiatrist.
(B) Gynecologist.
(C) Endocrinologist.
(D) Gastroenterologist.

Back 255

A) Psychiatrist

Front 256

Megaloblastic anemia caused by folic acid deficiency is commonly seen in the
(A) Elderly.
(B) Alcoholics.
(C) Pregnant and lactating women.
(D) All of the above.

Back 256

D) All of the above

Front 257

What type of hepatitis is LEAST likely to have a chronic carrier state and to be
associated with hepatocellular carcinoma?
(A) Hepatitis A.
(B) Hepatitis B.
(C) Hepatitis C.
(D) Hepatitis D.

Back 257

A) Hepatitis A

Front 258

Which groups of the following antibiotics act by inhibiting the bacterial folic acid
synthesis?
(A) Tetracyclines.
(B) Sulfonamides.
(C) Cephalosporins.
(D) Aminoglycosides.

Back 258

B) Sulfonamides

Front 259

A higher-than-normal percentage of reticulocytes may indicate anemia caused by
(A) Hemolysis.
(B) Iron deficiency.
(C) Folic acid deficiency.
(D) Vitamin B12 deficiency.

Back 259

A) Hemolysis

Front 260

A 60-year-old overweight man has suffered from fatigue, increased appetite,
excessive thirst, and frequent urination for several months. You may refer this patient
to a physician to rule out which of the following medical conditions?
(A) Hypothyroidism.
(B) Hyperthyroidism.
(C) Diabetes mellitus.
(D) Diabetes insipidus.

Back 260

C) Diabetes mellitus

Front 261

Which of the following diseases may be associated with streptococcal infections?
(A) Scarlet fever.
(B) Rheumatic fever.
(C) Glomerulonephritis.
(D) All of the above.

Back 261

D) All of the above

Front 262

A reduction in the number of white blood cells is termed as
(A) Leukopenia.
(B) Neutropenia.
(C) Leukocytosis.
(D) Thrombocytopenia

Back 262

A) Leukopenia

Front 263

In the United States, which of the following organizations is National Institute of
Health (NIH) sponsored?
(A) Council of Colleges of Acupuncture and Oriental Medicine (CCAOM).
(B) National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine (NCCAM).
(C) Accreditation Commission for Acupuncture and Oriental Medicine
(ACAOM).
(D) National Certification Commission for Acupuncture and Oriental Medicine
(NCCAOM).

Back 263

B) National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine (NCCAM).

Front 264

Pepto-Bismol® may cause darkening of the
(A) Skin.
(B) Stools.
(C) Tongue.
(D) Both (B) and (C).

Back 264

D) Both (b) and (c)- stools and tongue

Front 265

All of the following substances are CNS stimulants EXCEPT
(A) Ethanol.
(B) Cocaine.
(C) Nicotine.
(D) Amphetamine

Back 265

A) Ethanol

Front 266

Over-the-counter (OTC) antacids are contraindicated in
(A) Heartburn.
(B) Indigestion.
(C) Acid regurgitation.
(D) Bleeding peptic ulcer.

Back 266

D) Bleeding peptic ulcer

Front 267

Which of the following drugs is a strong opioid analgesic?
(A) Ibuprofen (Advil®).
(B) Naproxen (Aleve®).
(C) Meperidine (Demerol®).
(D) Acetaminophen (Tylenol®).

Back 267

C) Meperidine (Demerol)

Front 268

The joint between what two bones performs the function of head flexion?
(A) Atlas (C1) and axis (C2).
(B) 6th and 7th cervical vertebrae.
(C) Occipital bone and 1st cervical vertebra.
(D) 7th cervical vertebra and 1st thoracic vertebra.

Back 268

C) Occipital bone and 1st cervical vertebra

Front 269

There is a slight rise in the basal body temperature (BBT) right after ovulation. Which
of the following hormones is responsible for the thermogenic effect?
(A) Estrogen.
(B) Progesterone.
(C) Luteinizing hormone (LH).
(D) Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH).

Back 269

B) Progesterone

Front 270

Which nerve contributes to the dermatome of the hand?
(A) Ulnar nerve.
(B) Radial nerve.
(C) Median nerve.
(D) All of the above.

Back 270

D) All of the above

Front 271

Diencephalon consists of
(A) Cerebrum, midbrain, and cerebellum.
(B) Cerebrum, cerebellum, and brain stem.
(C) Midbrain, pons, and medulla oblongata.
(D) Epithalamus, thalamus, and hypothalamus.

Back 271

D) Epithalamus, thalamus, and hypothalamus

Front 272

Dimenhydrinate (Gravol®) used for the prevention and treatment of motion sickness
belongs to the category of
(A) Analgesics.
(B) Antitussives.
(C) Antiserotonins.
(D) Antihistamines.

Back 272

D) Antihistamines

Front 273

Large doses of which vitamin listed below may cause liver damage?
(A) Vitamin B1 (thiamine).
(B) Vitamin B2 (riboflavin).
(C) Vitamin B3 (niacin).
(D) Vitamin B6 (pyridoxine).

Back 273

C) Vitamin B3

Front 274

According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, it is best to wash the
hands with soap and clean running water for at least
(A) 10 seconds.
(B) 20 seconds.
(C) 30 seconds.
(D) 60 seconds.

Back 274

B) 20 seconds

Front 275

Which of the following is a predominant hepatic enzyme group that deals with the
drug metabolism?
(A) Phosphokinase.
(B) Dehydrogenase.
(C) Cyclooxygenase.
(D) Cytochrome P450.

Back 275

D) Cytochrome P450

Front 276

Which of the following characteristics distinguishes rheumatoid arthritis from
osteoarthritis?
(A) It often shows extra-articular manifestations.
(B) It affects many joints in a symmetrical fashion.
(C) It is a chronic, inflammatory, and autoimmune disorder.
(D) All of the above.

Back 276

D) All of the above

Front 277

The main side effect of nasal decongestants, such as phenylephrine and
pseudoephedrine, is
(A) Hypotension.
(B) Hypertension.
(C) Hypoglycemia.
(D) Hyperglycemia.

Back 277

B) Hypertension

Front 278

All of the following muscle pairs are antagonists (having opposite actions) EXCEPT
(A) Quadriceps and hamstrings.
(B) Deltoid and pectoralis major.
(C) Iliopsoas and gluteus medius.
(D) Biceps brachii and triceps brachii.

Back 278

C) Iliopsoas and gluteus medius

Front 279

Pain sensations on the anterior 2/3 of the tongue are controlled by what cranial nerve?
(A) CN V (Trigeminal).
(B) CN VII (Facial).
(C) CN IX (Glossopharyngeal).
(D) CN XII (Hypoglossal).

Back 279

A) CN V (Trigeminal)

Front 280

Common early symptoms of stroke include
(A) Sudden weakness or paralysis of an arm, a leg, or one side of the body.
(B) Sudden confusion with difficulty speaking and understanding speech.
(C) Abnormal sensations or loss of sensation in an arm, a leg, or one side of the
body.
(D) All of the above.

Back 280

D) All of the above

Front 281

The primary movement allowed in a hinge synovial joint is
(A) Flexion and extension.
(B) Abduction and adduction.
(C) Pronation and supination.
(D) Opposition and reposition.

Back 281

A) Flexion and extension

Front 282

At what age does a child first time receive measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) and
varicella (Var) vaccines?
(A) Birth.
(B) 2 months.
(C) 6 months.
(D) 12 months.

Back 282

D) 12 months

Front 283

A 46-year-old man is seen in the clinic because of high fever and reddish patches on
the skin of the left lower leg. A diagnosis of erysipelas is made. What is the causative
bacterium?
(A) Staphylococcus aureus.
(B) Streptococcus pyogenes.
(C) Streptococcus pneumoniae.
(D) Staphylococcus epidermidis.

Back 283

B) Streptococcus pyogenes

Front 284

Achilles tendon connects which muscle to the calcaneus?
(A) Gastrocnemius.
(B) Tibialis anterior.
(C) Extensor hallucis longus.
(D) Extensor digitorum longus.

Back 284

A) Gastrocnemuis

Front 285

The most commonly used blood test in the evaluation of diabetes mellitus is
(A) 1-Hour glucose screen.
(B) Fasting blood sugar (FBS).
(C) 2-Hour postprandial glucose.
(D) Oral glucose tolerance (OGT).

Back 285

B) Fasting blood sugar (FBS)

Front 286

What is the first hormone produced in the biochemical pathway of steroid synthesis?
(A) Estrogen.
(B) Aldosterone.
(C) Testosterone.
(D) Progesterone.

Back 286

D) Progesterone

Front 287

How is aldosterone similar to antidiuretic hormone (ADH)?
(A) Both hormones increase the blood volume.
(B) Both hormones are produced by the adrenal cortex.
(C) Both hormones cause retention of sodium and water.
(D) Both hormones are released from the posterior pituitary.

Back 287

A) Both hormones increase the blood volume

Front 288

Robitussin® is a combination of dextromethorphan and guaifenesin. The former is a
cough suppressant, while the latter is a(n)
(A) Antibiotic.
(B) Expectorant.
(C) Decongestant.
(D) Antihistamine.

Back 288

B) Expectorant

Front 289

Paraplegia is defined as the paralysis of
(A) Both upper limbs.
(B) Both lower limbs.
(C) Left side of the body.
(D) Right side of the body.

Back 289

B) Both lower limbs

Front 290

A localized, blood-filled dilation (bulge) of a blood vessel caused by disease or
weakening of the vessel wall is referred to as
(A) Embolism.
(B) Aneurysm.
(C) Congestion.
(D) Thrombosis.

Back 290

B) Aneurysm

Front 291

A chronic, recurring skin disease that causes one or more raised, red patches with
silvery scales and a distinct border between the patch and normal skin, and is
commonly found on the scalp, elbows, knees, and back is most likely to be
(A) Eczema.
(B) Psoriasis.
(C) Contact dermatitis.
(D) Seborrheic dermatitis.

Back 291

B) Psoriasis

Front 292

A positive Murphy’s punch sign is the pain induced by tapping the costovertebral
angle, and is suggestive of
(A) Pancreatitis.
(B) Appendicitis.
(C) Cholecystitis.
(D) Pyelonephritis.

Back 292

D) Pyelonephritis

Front 293

Which of the following would be the major concerns regarding acupuncture treatment
to both the patient and his or her physician?
(A) The cost and safety.
(B) The cost and effectiveness.
(C) The safety and effectiveness.
(D) The mechanism and method of needling.

Back 293

C) The safety and effectiveness

Front 294

Which one of the following terms describes inflammation of the cornea?
(A) Uveitis.
(B) Retinitis.
(C) Keratitis.
(D) Conjunctivitis.

Back 294

C) Keratitis

Front 295

The most common virus responsible for colds is
(A) Rhinovirus.
(B) Adenovirus.
(C) Coronavirus.
(D) Influenza virus.

Back 295

A) Rhinovirus

Front 296

For any type of asthma, the preferred drug for quick relief of symptoms would be a(n)
(A) Antihistamine.
(B) Corticosteroid.
(C) Antileukotriene.
(D) Short-acting b2 agonist.

Back 296

D) Short-acting b2 agonist

Front 297

Which of the following drugs is NOT an example of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory
drugs (NSAIDs)?
(A) Ibuprofen (Advil®).
(B) Naproxen (Aleve®).
(C) Celecoxib (Celebrex®).
(D) Acetaminophen (Tylenol®).

Back 297

D) Acetaminophen (Tylenol)

Front 298

Gastroscopy may visualize each of the following digestive organs EXCEPT
(A) Colon.
(B) Stomach.
(C) Esophagus.
(D) Duodenum.

Back 298

A) Colon

Front 299

Peripheral edema in the lower extremities may be caused by
(A) Deep vein thrombosis (DVT).
(B) Lymphatic vessel obstruction.
(C) Chronic venous insufficiency due to incompetent valves.
(D) All of the above.

Back 299

D) All of the above

Front 300

Normal heart sounds arise chiefly from
(A) Closure of cardiac valves.
(B) Filling of blood into ventricles.
(C) Contraction of cardiac muscles.
(D) Friction of blood against chamber walls.

Back 300

A) Closure of cardiac valves

Front 301

A middle-aged woman, who was found to have a lump on the right upper quadrant of
her right breast, is referred to a breast surgeon specialist. Prior to a biopsy, the
surgeon has to determine
(A) In what layer the lump is situated.
(B) If regional lymph nodes are enlarged.
(C) The size, shape, consistency, tenderness and mobility.
(D) All of the above.

Back 301

D) All of the above

Front 302

Which of the following drugs is ototoxic, and may cause tinnitus and/or hearing loss?
(A) Aspirin.
(B) Gentamicin.
(C) Furosemide.
(D) All of the above.

Back 302

D) All of the above

Front 303

Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH or corticotropin) is secreted by the
(A) Hypothalamus.
(B) Adrenal cortex.
(C) Adrenal medulla.
(D) Anterior pituitary.

Back 303

D) Anterior pituitary

Front 304

Which of the following is a hypnotic drug without anticonvulsant or muscle relaxing
properties?
(A) Diazepam (Valium®).
(B) Zolpidem (Ambien®).
(C) Lorazepam (Ativan®).
(D) Alprazolam (Xanax®).

Back 304

B) Zolpidem (Ambien)

Front 305

Accumulation of ketone bodies or ketoacidosis may result from which of the
following types of diet?
(A) High protein and low fat.
(B) High fat and low carbohydrate.
(C) Low fat and high carbohydrate.
(D) Low protein and high carbohydrate.

Back 305

B) High fat and low carbohydrate

Front 306

Tennis elbow is also known as
(A) Bicipital tendinitis.
(B) Olecranon bursitis.
(C) Medial epicondylitis.
(D) Lateral epicondylitis.

Back 306

D) Lateral epicondylitis

Front 307

Beriberi results from a deficiency of
(A) Vitamin B1 (thiamine).
(B) Vitamin B2 (riboflavin).
(C) Vitamin B3 (niacin).
(D) Vitamin B6 (pyridoxine).

Back 307

A) Vitamin B1 (thiamine)

Front 308

Virchow’s triad or factors that predispose a person to thromboembolic diseases
include
(A) Hypercoagulability.
(B) Alterations in blood flow.
(C) Injury to vascular endothelium.
(D) All of the above.

Back 308

D) All of the above

Front 309

Blood spills over a smooth surface should be cleaned with a freshly made
(A) 1:1 Solution of sodium hypochlorite (bleach) and water.
(B) 1:10 Solution of sodium hypochlorite (bleach) and water.
(C) 1:50 Solution of sodium hypochlorite (bleach) and water.
(D) 1:100 Solution of sodium hypochlorite (bleach) and water.

Back 309

D) 1:100 solution of sodium hypochlorite (bleach) and water

Front 310

Electrocardiogram (ECG) is most helpful in the diagnosis of
(A) Cardiac arrhythmias.
(B) Myocardial infarction.
(C) Heart conduction abnormalities.
(D) All of the above.

Back 310

D) All of the above

Front 311

Hepatitis C is primarily transmitted through
(A) Mosquito bites.
(B) Fecal-oral route.
(C) Respiratory droplets.
(D) Blood-to-blood contact.

Back 311

D) Blood-to-blood contact

Front 312

Achilles tendon reflex (ankle jerk) checks the integrity of which nerve roots?
(A) L3 and L4.
(B) L4 and L5.
(C) S1 and S2.
(D) S2 and S3.

Back 312

C) S1 and S2

Front 313

The most common gynecologic cancer in the United States is
(A) Ovarian cancer.
(B) Cervical cancer.
(C) Endometrial cancer.
(D) Fallopian tube cancer.

Back 313

C) Endometrial cancer

Front 314

All of the following may be the complications of diabetes mellitus EXCEPT
(A) Retinopathy.
(B) Nephropathy.
(C) Exophthalmos.
(D) Peripheral neuropathy.

Back 314

C) Exopthalmos

Front 315

Boas’ sign is an increased or altered sensitivity (hyperesthesia) that is located
(A) Between the scapulae.
(B) Around the umbilicus.
(C) Below the left scapula.
(D) Below the right scapula.

Back 315

D) Below the right scapula

Front 316

Greenstick fracture, most commonly seen in children, is a type of
(A) Open fractures.
(B) Closed fractures.
(C) Complete fractures.
(D) Incomplete fractures.

Back 316

D) Incomplete fracture

Front 317

A hormone that is involved in the normal development of the body’s immune system
would be
(A) Prolactin.
(B) Thymosin.
(C) Melatonin.
(D) Calcitonin.

Back 317

B) Thymosin

Front 318

Cardiac pain is often referred to the
(A) Epigastric region.
(B) Inter-scapular space.
(C) Upper back and neck.
(D) Medial aspect of the left arm.

Back 318

D) Medial aspect of the left arm

Front 319

Heart sounds and murmurs originate in the four cardiac valves. Which of the
following sites is best for listening to the bicuspid (mitral) valve?
(A) 2nd intercostal space and on the left sternal border.
(B) 2nd intercostal space and on the right sternal border.
(C) 5th intercostal space and medial to the mid-clavicular line.
(D) Left sternal border in the 3rd, 4th, and 5th intercostal spaces.

Back 319

C) 5th intercostal space and medial to the mid-clavicular line

Front 320

In treating peptic ulcer disease (PUD), omeperazole (Prilosec®) is used as a(n)
(A) Antimicrobial drug.
(B) Proton pump inhibitor.
(C) Mucosal protective agent.
(D) H2-histamine receptor blocker.

Back 320

B) Proton pump inhibitor

Front 321

Which one of the following tests evaluates a tear of the medial collateral ligament
(MCL) of the knee?
(A) Lachman test.
(B) McMurray test.
(C) Adduction (Varus) stress test.
(D) Abduction (Valgus) stress test.

Back 321

D) Abduction (Valgus) stress test

Front 322

Which symptom below is the leading cause of lost time from school or work among
women of childbearing age?
(A) Fatigue.
(B) Headache.
(C) Depression.
(D) Dysmenorrhea.

Back 322

D) Dysmenorrhea

Front 323

Which of the following structures is included in the axial skeleton?
(A) Vertebral column.
(B) Upper and lower limbs.
(C) Pectoral and pelvic girdles.
(D) All of the above.

Back 323

A) Vertebral column

Front 324

Macrocytosis is one of the features of what kind of anemias?
(A) Iron deficiency.
(B) Iron and folic acid deficiency.
(C) Iron and vitamin B12 deficiency.
(D) Folic acid and vitamin B12 deficiency.

Back 324

D) Folic acid and vitamin B12 deficiency

Front 325

Cranial nerves that are involved in the gag reflex are
(A) CN III and CN V.
(B) CN V and CN VII.
(C) CN VIII and CN IX.
(D) CN IX and CN X.

Back 325

D) CN IX and CN X

Front 326

Carcinoid tumors may cause such symptoms as facial flushing, wheezing, diarrhea,
and tachycardia. The diagnosis can often be confirmed by measuring the 24-hour
urinary amount of 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA), which is one of the
chemical byproducts of
(A) Serotonin.
(B) Histamine.
(C) Prostaglandin.
(D) Norepinephrine.

Back 326

A) Serotonin

Front 327

A 40-year-old woman presents to the clinic with painful, swollen joints in her fingers
for several weeks. The movement involving these joints is limited, and the muscles in
the hands also become weak. Which of the following laboratory works or imaging
would be useful to make a diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis?
(A) X-rays of the joints.
(B) Rheumatoid factor (RF).
(C) Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR).
(D) All of the above.

Back 327

D) All of the above

Front 328

RBC indices are primarily tested to differentiate between
(A) Primary and secondary polycythemia.
(B) Hemolytic anemia and sickle cell anemia.
(C) Anemia due to blood loss and anemia due to renal failure.
(D) Iron deficiency anemia and vitamin B12 or folic acid deficiency anemia.

Back 328

D) Iron deficiency anemia and vitamin B12 or folic acid deficiency anemia

Front 329

Ortolani’s test is performed to confirm the diagnosis of
(A) Congenital heart defect.
(B) Congenital hip dislocation.
(C) Congenital metabolic disease.
(D) Congenital immune deficiency.

Back 329

B) Congenital hip dislocation

Front 330

Sympathomimetic agents are substances that mimic the effects of the hormone
epinephrine and the neurotransmitter norepinephrine. Examples of these agents are
(A) Cocaine.
(B) Ephedrine.
(C) Amphetamine.
(D) All of the above.

Back 330

D) All of the above

Front 331

The management plan for type II diabetes mellitus includes
(A) Lifestyle changes.
(B) Oral hypoglycemic drugs.
(C) Continuing support and follow-up.
(D) All of the above.

Back 331

D) All of the above

Front 332

What is the proper medical advice to a patient who has suffered from nongonococcal
urethritis (NGU)?
(A) Tell the patient not to worry about gonorrhea infections.
(B) Tell the patient to ask his or her sexual partner for checkup.
(C) Tell the patient to report the disease to the health department directly.
(D) Tell the patient to have sexual activities with the use of condoms during
treatment.

Back 332

B) Tell the patient to ask his or her sexual partner for checkup

Front 333

All of the following rheumatic diseases are thought to be of autoimmune origin
EXCEPT
(A) Osteoarthritis.
(B) Reiter’s syndrome.
(C) Rheumatoid arthritis.
(D) Systemic lupus erythematosus.

Back 333

A) Osteoarthritis

Front 334

Leukocytosis or increased number of white blood cells in the circulation is found in
patients with
(A) Infection.
(B) Leukemia.
(C) Inflammation.
(D) All of the above.

Back 334

D) All of the above

Front 335

What network of brain structures functions in our experience of emotions?
(A) Brainstem.
(B) Hypothalamus.
(C) Limbic system.
(D) Reticular activating system.

Back 335

C) Limbic system

Front 336

The active ingredient of Pepto-Bismol® is bismuth subsalicylate. What therapeutic
effects does it display?
(A) Antacid.
(B) Antibiotic.
(C) Anti-inflammatory.
(D) All of the above.

Back 336

D) All of the above

Front 337

Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) is a glycoprotein hormone, and its blood level
is elevated
(A) After ovulation.
(B) Before ovulation.
(C) Following menopause.
(D) During early pregnancy.

Back 337

D) During early pregnancy

Front 338

Overdose of acetaminophen (Tylenol®) with consumption of alcohol may cause
damage to the
(A) Lung.
(B) Liver.
(C) Heart.
(D) Kidney.

Back 338

B) Liver

Front 339

During bone remodeling, new bone tissues are formed by the
(A) Osteocytes.
(B) Osteoblasts.
(C) Osteoclasts.
(D) Osteophytes.

Back 339

B) Osteoblasts

Front 340

Hepatic portal vein drains blood from the
(A) Liver.
(B) Kidney.
(C) GI tract.
(D) All of the above.

Back 340

C) GI tract

Front 341

What type of white blood cells is involved in allergic reactions and parasitic
infections?
(A) Basophil.
(B) Monocyte.
(C) Eosinophil.
(D) Lymphocyte.

Back 341

C) Eosinophil

Front 342

Urge incontinence is the loss of bladder control resulting from
(A) Urinary tract infection.
(B) Increased intra-abdominal pressure.
(C) Overactivity of the detrusor muscle.
(D) Underactivity of the detrusor muscle.

Back 342

C) Overactivity of the detrusor muscle

Front 343

To further evaluate an abnormal Pap smear result, which of the following endoscopic
examinations is first warranted?
(A) Cystoscopy.
(B) Colposcopy.
(C) Colonoscopy.
(D) Hysteroscopy.

Back 343

B) Colposcopy

Front 344

A spirochete known as Treponema pallidum is responsible for which sexually
transmitted disease (STD) listed below?
(A) Syphilis.
(B) Chancroid.
(C) Gonorrhea.
(D) Chlamydia.

Back 344

A) Syphilis

Front 345

The mechanism of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) is to inhibit the
synthesis of
(A) Serotonin.
(B) Histamine.
(C) Dopamine.
(D) Prostaglandin.

Back 345

D) Prostaglandin

Front 346

Tunnel vision is the loss of peripheral (temporal) vision with retention of central
(nasal) vision. It may be caused by all of the following medical conditions EXCEPT
(A) Conjunctivitis.
(B) Alcohol intoxication.
(C) Use of hallucinogenic drugs.
(D) Pituitary tumor compressing the optic chiasma.

Back 346

A) Conjunctivitis

Front 347

Suprachiasmatic nucleus is a structure that is responsible for controlling endogenous
circadian rhythms (sleep-wake cycles). It is located in the
(A) Pons.
(B) Midbrain.
(C) Thalamus.
(D) Hypothalamus.

Back 347

D) Hypothalamus

Front 348

What is the largest, thinnest, and heaviest organ in the body?
(A) Skin.
(B) Brain.
(C) Liver.
(D) Spleen.

Back 348

A) Skin

Front 349

A patient with acute appendicitis complicated with peritonitis may show all of the
following positive physical signs EXCEPT
(A) Cullen’s sign.
(B) Rovsing’s sign.
(C) Blumberg’s sign.
(D) McBurney’s sign.

Back 349

A) Cullen's sign

Front 350

When operating on the spleen, the surgeon prefers to make an incision in which
quadrant of the abdomen?
(A) Left lower quadrant (LLQ).
(B) Left upper quadrant (LUQ).
(C) Right lower quadrant (RLQ).
(D) Right upper quadrant (RUQ).

Back 350

B) Left upper quadrant

Front 351

A positive Tinel’s sign and a positive response to Phalen’s maneuver are indicative of
(A) Tennis elbow.
(B) Golfer’s elbow.
(C) Carpal tunnel syndrome.
(D) Thoracic outlet syndrome.

Back 351

C) Carpal tunnel syndrome

Front 352

Injury to which nerve below may result in loss of function of the triceps brachii
muscle?
(A) Ulnar nerve.
(B) Radial nerve.
(C) Median nerve.
(D) Axillary nerve.

Back 352

B) Radial nerve

Front 353

Megaloblastic anemias are caused by vitamin B12 deficiency or folic acid deficiency.
The former can be differentiated from the latter in that vitamin B12 deficiency may be
complicated with
(A) Hemolysis.
(B) Iron deficiency.
(C) Hemoglobinopathy.
(D) Peripheral neuropathy.

Back 353

D) Peripheral neuropathy

Front 354

A 32-year-old obese, anovulatory woman is found to have high blood androgen level
and irregular menstrual cycle. The preliminary diagnosis is polycystic ovarian
syndrome (PCOS). Which of the following would be the most helpful diagnostic tool
for confirming the diagnosis in this case?
(A) Ultrasonography.
(B) Endometrial biopsy.
(C) Blood hormone test.
(D) Urine pregnancy test.

Back 354

A) Ultrasonography

Front 355

Nongonococcal urethritis (NGU) may be caused by all of the following bacteria
EXCEPT
(A) Mycoplasma hominis.
(B) Neisseria gonorrhoeae.
(C) Chlamydia trachomatis.
(D) Ureaplasma urealyticum.

Back 355

B) Neisseria gonorrhoeae

Front 356

Joint replacement surgery is most commonly performed on which of the following
joints?
(A) Hip joint.
(B) Knee joint.
(C) Elbow joint.
(D) Shoulder joint.

Back 356

A) Hip joint

Front 357

Diphenhydramine (Benadryl®) is widely used in nonprescription sleep aids. It acts as
an
(A) Antiserotonin.
(B) Antihistamine.
(C) Antipsychotic.
(D) Antidepressant.

Back 357

B) Antihistamine

Front 358

Sulfonylurea derivatives are a class of drugs that are used in the treatment of
(A) Hyperthyroidism.
(B) Type II diabetes mellitus.
(C) Gram-positive bacterial infections.
(D) Gram-negative bacterial infections.

Back 358

B) Type II diabetes mellitus

Front 359

Which cranial nerve controls the most muscles that move the eyeball?
(A) CN II (Optic).
(B) CN III (Oculomotor).
(C) CN IV (Trochlear).
(D) CN VI (Abducens).

Back 359

B) CN III (Oculomotor)

Front 360

Vitamin D is primarily involved in the regulation of
(A) Sodium metabolism.
(B) Calcium metabolism.
(C) Glucose metabolism.
(D) Potassium metabolism.

Back 360

B) Calcium metabolism

Front 361

Which one of the following blood tests evaluates the amount of stored iron in the
body?
(A) Serum iron.
(B) Serum ferritin.
(C) Transferrin saturation.
(D) Total iron-binding capacity (TIBC).

Back 361

B) Serum ferritin

Front 362

Which test uses a radioactive material to see how well air and blood flowing to all
areas of the lung in the diagnosis of pulmonary embolism (PE)?
(A) CT.
(B) MRI.
(C) Pulmonary angiography.
(D) Ventilation/Perfusion (V/Q) scan.

Back 362

D) Ventilation/Perfusion (V/Q) scan

Front 363

Middle ear is connected to the nasopharynx through the
(A) Auditory canal.
(B) Eustachian tube.
(C) Semicircular canals.
(D) Tympanic membrane.

Back 363

B) Eustachian tube

Front 364

Intermittent claudication is a cramping sensation in the leg muscles during exercise or
walking. This condition occurs as a result of decreased oxygen supply, and often
indicates the presence of severe
(A) Varicose vein.
(B) Atherosclerosis.
(C) Thrombophlebitis.
(D) Peripheral neuropathy.

Back 364

B) Atherosclerosis

Front 365

The most commonly reported sexually transmitted disease (STD) in the United States
is
(A) Syphilis.
(B) Chancroid.
(C) Gonorrhea.
(D) Chlamydia.

Back 365

D) Chlamydia

Front 366

What type of hypersensitivity (allergic) reactions does anaphylaxis belong to?
(A) Type I.
(B) Type II.
(C) Type III.
(D) Type IV.

Back 366

A) Type I

Front 367

In addition to the uterus, other target organs of oxytocin (Pitocin®) include
(A) Vagina.
(B) Ovaries.
(C) Fallopian tubes.
(D) Mammary glands.

Back 367

D) Mammary glands

Front 368

Heimlich Maneuver or the method of abdominal thrusts is a first aid procedure for
(A) Stimulating breathing.
(B) Raising the blood pressure.
(C) Clearing the obstructed airway.
(D) Promoting the blood circulation.

Back 368

C) Clearing obstructed airway

Front 369

Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) is a natural steroid hormone produced from
cholesterol by the
(A) Sex glands.
(B) Adrenal glands.
(C) Adipose tissues.
(D) All of the above.

Back 369

D) All of the above

Front 370

The incubation period from HIV infection to full-blown AIDS is estimated to be as
long as
(A) 10 days.
(B) 10 weeks.
(C) 10 months.
(D) 10 years.

Back 370

D) 10 years

Front 371

During the inspection of the patient’s tongue, you have noticed an irregular black
lesion on the tongue surface. What is the next step in your management?
(A) Do a biopsy.
(B) Scrape to remove it.
(C) Needle acupoints to clear heat.
(D) Refer to the primary care physician.

Back 371

D) Refer to the primary care physician

Front 372

Holter monitor is a portable device for continuously recording the heart rate and
rhythm for a period of 24 hours or longer. Its indications include
(A) Unexplained syncope.
(B) Palpitations with dyspnea.
(C) Undocumented angina pectoris.
(D) All of the above.

Back 372

D) All of the above

Front 373

Trendelenburg test should not be confused with Trendelenburg’s sign. The former is
used to determine the
(A) Strength of the hip abductor muscles.
(B) Strength of the hip adductor muscles.
(C) Competency of the venous valves of the upper limbs.
(D) Competency of the venous valves of the lower limbs.

Back 373

D) Competency of the venous valves of the lower limbs

Front 374

Which pair of cranial nerves is involved in the corneal reflex?
(A) CN II and CN III.
(B) CN III and CN V.
(C) CN V and CN VII.
(D) CN IV and CN VI.

Back 374

C) CN V and CN VII

Front 375

Pellagra is characterized by dermatitis, diarrhea, and dementia. It is caused by a
deficiency of
(A) Vitamin B1 (thiamine).
(B) Vitamin B2 (riboflavin).
(C) Vitamin B3 (niacin).
(D) Vitamin B6 (pyridoxine).

Back 375

C) Vitamin B3 (niacin)

Front 376

What type of drugs is amlodipine (Norvasc®) for the treatment of chest pain and high
blood pressure?
(A) Diuretic.
(B) b-Blocker.
(C) Vasodilator.
(D) Calcium channel blocker.

Back 376

D) Calcium channel blocker

Front 377

Failure of which organ below is the most serious side effect of ACE inhibitors?
(A) Lung.
(B) Liver.
(C) Heart.
(D) Kidney.

Back 377

D) Kidney

Front 378

In a patient diagnosed with acute cholecystitis, a positive Murphy’s sign may be
revealed in which of the following abdominal quadrants?
(A) Left lower quadrant (LLQ).
(B) Left upper quadrant (LUQ).
(C) Right lower quadrant (RLQ).
(D) Right upper quadrant (RUQ).

Back 378

D) Right upper quadrant (RUQ)

Front 379

Which of the following eye conditions is due to irregularities in the curvature of the
lens and/or cornea, leading to a blurred vision?
(A) Cataract.
(B) Diplopia.
(C) Glaucoma.
(D) Astigmatism.

Back 379

D) Astigmatism

Front 380

Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) virus belongs to the category of
(A) Retrovirus.
(B) Rhinovirus.
(C) Adenovirus.
(D) Coronavirus.

Back 380

D) Coronavirus

Front 381

Swan-neck deformity of the finger, in which there are flexed DIP joint and
hyperextended PIP joint, is most commonly seen in
(A) Osteoarthritis.
(B) Septic arthritis.
(C) Psoriatic arthritis.
(D) Rheumatoid arthritis.

Back 381

D) Rheumatoid arthritis

Front 382

An increase in the level of which of the following substances is thought to be a major
factor in primary dysmenorrhea?
(A) Estrogen.
(B) Progesterone.
(C) Prostaglandin.
(D) Norepinephrine.

Back 382

C) Prostaglandin

Front 383

Which of the following medical conditions may be related to the prolonged use of
glucocorticoids?
(A) Osteoporosis.
(B) Hypertension.
(C) Impaired glucose tolerance.
(D) All of the above.

Back 383

D) All of the above

Front 384

Which bone below is included in the appendicular skeleton?
(A) Sacrum.
(B) Scapula.
(C) Sternum.
(D) Sphenoid.

Back 384

B) Scapula

Front 385

Which surgical procedure enables internal inspection of the pleural cavity?
(A) Laparoscopy.
(B) Thoracoscopy.
(C) Bronchoscopy.
(D) Mediastinoscopy.

Back 385

B) Thoracoscopy

Front 386

The normal active extension of the thoracic-lumbar spine may reach
(A) 30 degrees.
(B) 45 degrees.
(C) 60 degrees.
(D) 90 degrees.

Back 386

A) 30 degrees

Front 387

Which of the following medical imaging techniques is LEAST helpful in identifying
the brain lesions seen in Alzheimer’s disease?
(A) Computed tomography (CT).
(B) Electroencephalography (EEG).
(C) Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).
(D) Positron emission tomography (PET).

Back 387

B) Electroencephalography

Front 388

Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) is less specific than alanine aminotransferase
(ALT), and is localized in organs other than the liver, including the
(A) Brain.
(B) Heart.
(C) Kidney.
(D) All of the above.

Back 388

D) All of the above

Front 389

Which of the following coagulation tests is used specifically to monitor heparin
therapy?
(A) Platelet count.
(B) Bleeding time.
(C) Prothrombin time (PT).
(D) Partial thromboplastin time (PTT).

Back 389

D) Partial thromboplastin time (PTT)

Front 390

Which cranial nerve below is NOT part of the parasympathetic nervous system?
(A) CN V (Trigeminal).
(B) CN VII (Facial).
(C) CN IX (Glossopharyngeal).
(D) CN X (Vagus).

Back 390

A) CN V (Trigeminal)

Front 391

Claritin-D® is a combination of loratadine (Claritin®) and pseudoephedrine. The
former is an antihistamine, while the latter is a(n)
(A) Antiemetic.
(B) Antitussive.
(C) Expectorant.
(D) Decongestant.

Back 391

D) Decongestant

Front 392

Genu varum and genu valgum are the deformities that are observed in the
(A) Face.
(B) Head.
(C) Upper extremity.
(D) Lower extremity.

Back 392

D) lower extermity

Front 393

According to occupational safety and health standards of OSHA, health care workers
are given the opportunity to be vaccinated with hepatitis B vaccine
(A) At their own cost.
(B) At no charge to themselves.
(C) Only upon exposure to blood.
(D) If they have never been infected.

Back 393

B) At no charge to themselves

Front 394

Which of the following diseases does NOT belong to the category of systemic
rheumatic (collagen or connective tissue) diseases?
(A) Scleroderma.
(B) Multiple sclerosis.
(C) Ankylosing spondylitis.
(D) Polymyalgia rheumatica.

Back 394

B) Multiple sclerosis

Front 395

Liquid Maalox® (both regular strength and extra strength) contains each of the
following medicinal ingredients EXCEPT
(A) Simethicone.
(B) Calcium carbonate.
(C) Aluminum hydroxide.
(D) Magnesium hydroxide.

Back 395

B) Calcium carbonate

Front 396

A 50-year-old man presents with a sudden nocturnal onset of excruciating pain and
swelling around the MP joint of the big toe. He has a history of high uric acid level in
the blood. Administration of which drug below at the moment is INAPPROPRIATE?
(A) Ibuprofen.
(B) Colchicine.
(C) Allopurinol.
(D) Indomethacin.

Back 396

C) Allopurinol

Front 397

Grade 3 muscle strength is defined as
(A) Active movement against gravity only.
(B) Active movement with gravity eliminated.
(C) Active movement against gravity and some resistance.
(D) Active movement against full resistance without evident fatigue.

Back 397

A) Active movement against gravity only

Front 398

An 18-month-old girl develops pruritic teardrop-like skin rashes the day after she has
experienced mild fever, slight cough, and malaise. The rashes start on the body trunk,
and then spread to the face, neck, and back. No Koplik’s spots are discovered inside
the mouth. What is the most likely medical diagnosis?
(A) Rubella.
(B) Measles.
(C) Shingles.
(D) Chickenpox.

Back 398

D) Chickenpox

Front 399

Which of the following is an inherited disorder of repeated movements (blinking and
mouth twitching) and vocalizations (tics) in children?
(A) Down’s syndrome.
(B) Turner’s syndrome.
(C) Tourette’s syndrome.
(D) Klinefelter’s syndrome.

Back 399

C) Tourette's syndrome

Front 400

A tear of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) of the knee may be assessed by
(A) Lachman test.
(B) Anterior and posterior drawer signs.
(C) Lachman test and anterior drawer sign.
(D) Lachman test and posterior drawer sign.

Back 400

C) Lachman test and anterior drawer sign

Front 401

Nyctalopia (night blindness) may be caused by a deficiency of
(A)Vitamin A.
(B) Vitamin C.
(C) Vitamin E.
(D)Vitamin K.

Back 401

A) Vitamin A

Front 402

In addition to T3 and T4, which of the following blood tests is most helpful in the
differentiation of hyperthyroidism (e.g. Graves’ disease) and hypothyroidism (e.g.
Hashimoto’s thyroiditis)?
(A)GH.
(B) FSH.
(C) TSH.
(D)ACTH.

Back 402

C) TSH

Front 403

Which one of the following is NOT considered a risk factor for cervical cancer?
(A)HPV infection.
(B) Family history.
(C) Multiple gestations.
(D) Early sexual intercourse.

Back 403

C) Multiple gestations

Front 404

What is the correct CPT code for acupuncture in which one or more needles are used
without electrical stimulation for initial 15 minutes of personal one-on-one contact
with the patient?
(A) 97810.
(B) 97811.
(C) 97813.
(D) 97814.

Back 404

A) 97810

Front 405

Patients with what infectious diseases may present with fatigue?
(A)Hepatitis.
(B) Tuberculosis.
(C) Infectious mononucleosis.
(D)All of the above.

Back 405

D) All of the above

Front 406

In grading a deep tendon reflex, which scale below is considered to be average or
normal?
(A) 1+.
(B) 2+.
(C) 3+.
(D) 4+.

Back 406

B) 2+

Front 407

A young female patient, who has suffered from an autoimmune disease, and is being
treated with a glucocorticoid, shows the appearance of a moon-shaped face, buffalo
hump, and truncal obesity. This is a typical case of
(A)Graves’ disease.
(B) Addison’s disease.
(C) Turner’s syndrome.
(D) Cushing’s syndrome.

Back 407

D) Cushing's syndrome

Front 408

Which of the following ear structures is responsible for hearing?
(A) Cochlea.
(B) Vestibule.
(C) Semicircular canals.
(D) Tympanic membrane.

Back 408

A) Cochlea

Front 409

The most common route of drug administration is
(A)Oral.
(B) Sublingual.
(C) Intravenous.
(D) Intramuscular.

Back 409

A) Oral

Front 410

Patients with type I diabetes mellitus are mainly treated with
(A) Insulin.
(B) Exercise.
(C) Dietary therapy.
(D)Hypoglycemic drugs.

Back 410

A) Insulin

Front 411

Painless resistance to passive neck flexion is LEAST likely to be caused by
(A)Meningitis.
(B) Parkinson’s disease.
(C) Cervical spondylosis.
(D) Raised intracranial pressure.

Back 411

A) Meningitis

Front 412

Purified protein derivative (PPD) or Mantoux test is a diagnostic tool for
(A) Syphilis.
(B) Leprosy.
(C) Tuberculosis.
(D) Lyme disease.

Back 412

C) Tuberculosis

Front 413

With a normal fluid intake of about 2 litters per day, the 24-hour urine volume would
be
(A) 500 - 1,000 ml.
(B) 800 - 2,000 ml.
(C) 1,000 - 1,500 ml.
(D) 1,500 - 2,500 ml.

Back 413

B) 800-2,000

Front 414

Epicondylitis as seen in tennis elbow or golfer’s elbow is the inflammation at the end
of which bone?
(A)Ulna.
(B) Radius.
(C) Carpals.
(D)Humerus.

Back 414

D) Humerus

Front 415

Non-stress test (NST) is a simple, non-invasive test performed in pregnancies over 28
weeks of gestation. It measures the
(A)Mental growth of the fetus.
(B) Development of the visceral organs.
(C) Maturation of the central nervous system.
(D) Reactivity of the fetal heart rate to movement.

Back 415

D) Reactivity of the fetal heart rate to movement

Front 416

Which of the following is a typical feature of rheumatoid arthritis?
(A)Wrist drop.
(B) Claw hand.
(C) Ulnar deviation.
(D)All of the above.

Back 416

C) Ulnar deviation

Front 417

Dextromethorphan (Benylin-DM®) is an FDA-approved over-the-counter (OTC)
drug, which acts as a(n)
(A)Antiemetic.
(B) Antitussive.
(C) Expectorant.
(D)Decongestant.

Back 417

B) Antitussive

Front 418

According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the minimum age for
hepatitis B vaccine is
(A) Birth.
(B) 2 months.
(C) 4 months.
(D) 6 months.

Back 418

A) Birth

Front 419

As a federal regulation, HIPAA Privacy Rule requires that health care workers
provide detailed notice in writing of privacy practices. This notice
(A) Should be prominently posted in the office and be available to any person
who asks for it.
(B) Describes the patient's rights regarding the use and disclosure of protected
health information.
(C) Describes the practitioner's obligations regarding the use and disclosure of
protected health information.
(D)All of the above.

Back 419

D) All of the above

Front 420

A 20-year-old college student presents with fever, sore throat, and fatigue. Upon
examination, enlarged lymph nodes are found in the posterolateral neck. What is the
most likely medical diagnosis?
(A) Palatine tonsillitis.
(B) Cervical tuberculosis.
(C) Infectious mononucleosis.
(D) Streptococcal pharyngitis.

Back 420

C) Infectious mononucleosis

Front 421

Which medical imaging technology is NOT useful for detecting breast cancer?
(A)MRI.
(B) Ultrasound.
(C) Chest X-ray.
(D)Mammography.

Back 421

C) Chest X-ray

Front 422

Glucosamine and chondroitin sulfate are dietary or nutritional supplements that are
used for what medical condition listed below?
(A) Insomnia.
(B) Depression.
(C) Osteoarthritis.
(D) Loss of memory.

Back 422

C) Osteoarthritis

Front 423

A patient presents to the clinic with high fever and swelling and pain of the right knee
joint. How would you manage this patient?
(A)Ordering an X-ray examination.
(B) Giving a fever-reducing medication.
(C) Pricking to release blood around the joint.
(D) Sending the patient to the emergency room.

Back 423

D) Sending the patient to the emergency room.

Front 424

During cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), the lower portion of the performer’s
palm (near the wrist) is placed onto the patient’s chest at what part of the sternum?
(A)Upper 1/3.
(B) Lower 1/3.
(C) Middle 1/3.
(D) Center of the sternum.

Back 424

B) Lower 1/3

Front 425

Erythropoietin is a hormone released by the kidneys. Blood test of this hormone is
helpful for the diagnosis of
(A)Anemia.
(B) Embolism.
(C) Thrombosis.
(D)Hemorrhage.

Back 425

A) Anemia

Front 426

A surge of which of the following hormones is required for ovulation?
(A) Estrogen.
(B) Progesterone.
(C) Luteinizing hormone (LH).
(D) Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH).

Back 426

C) Luteinizing hormone (LH)

Front 427

The definitive diagnosis of the prostatic carcinoma is based on
(A) Biopsy.
(B) Computed tomography (CT).
(C) Prostate specific antigen (PSA).
(D)Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Back 427

A) Biopsy

Front 428

The change in blood pressure during cardiac contraction is referred to as
(A) Pulse pressure.
(B) Systolic pressure.
(C) Diastolic pressure.
(D)Mean arterial pressure.

Back 428

A) Pulse pressure

Front 429

Immediate treatment for sports injuries consists of each of the following EXCEPT
(A) Rest.
(B) Ice.
(C) Cushion.
(D) Elevation.

Back 429

C) Cushion

Front 430

A serotonin agonist for the treatment of migraine headache is
(A)Aspirin.
(B) Codeine.
(C) Propranolol.
(D) Sumatriptan.

Back 430

D) Sumatriptan

Front 431

In acute supraspinatus tendinitis (rotator cuff syndrome), movements are usually not
limited but there is a painful arc between
(A) 30º and 90º of flexion of the arm.
(B) 60º and 120º of flexion of the arm.
(C) 30º and 90º of abduction of the arm.
(D) 60º and 120º of abduction of the arm.

Back 431

D) 60 and 120 degrees of abduction of the arm

Front 432

A cardiac stress test is performed to evaluate arterial blood flow to the myocardium
during physical exercise, compared to blood flow while at rest. Which of the
following is NOT measured in this test?
(A) ECG.
(B) Heart rate.
(C) Blood pressure.
(D) Cardiac enzymes.

Back 432

D) Cardiac enzymes

Front 433

The most common bacterium that causes urinary tract infection (UTI) would be
(A) Escherichia coli.
(B) Proteus mirabilis.
(C) Klebsiella pneumoniae.
(D) Staphylococcus saprophyticus.

Back 433

A) Escherichia coli

Front 434

Which of the following drugs is a potassium-sparing diuretic?
(A) Furosemide (Lasix®).
(B) Acetazolamide (Diamox®).
(C) Spironolactone (Aldactone®).
(D)Hydrochlorthiazide (Hydrodiuril®).

Back 434

C) Spironolactone (Aldactone)

Front 435

Steatorrhea is the presence of greater than normal amounts of fat in the stools that are
frothy, floating, foul smelling, and light-colored. Digestive disorders that may cause it
include
(A) Bile duct obstruction.
(B) Intestinal malabsorption.
(C) Exocrine pancreatic insufficiency.
(D)All of the above.

Back 435

D) All of the above

Front 436

An inflamed swelling of a sebaceous gland at the margin of an eyelid is called
hordeolum, which is also known as
(A) Sty(e).
(B) Ptosis.
(C) Proptosis.
(D) Blepharitis.

Back 436

A) Sty(e)

Front 437

Although its therapeutic benefits remain controversial, coenzyme Q10 (Co Q10)
supplementation may be used for the prevention of
(A) Renal disease.
(B) Hepatic disease.
(C) Cardiac disease.
(D) Pulmonary disease.

Back 437

C) Cardiac disease

Front 438

Wright’s test is an orthopedic examination that is used to evaluate
(A) Cervical spondylosis.
(B) Brachial plexus injury.
(C) Carpal tunnel syndrome.
(D) Thoracic outlet syndrome.

Back 438

D) Thoracic outlet syndrome

Front 439

Vaginal bleeding in a postmenopausal woman is highly suggestive of
(A)Uterine fibroids.
(B) Fungal vaginitis.
(C) Cervical dysplasia.
(D) Endometrial carcinoma.

Back 439

D) Endometrial carcinoma

Front 440

A sign in which pain is elicited upon sudden release of steadily applied pressure on a
suspected area of the abdomen would be
(A) Cullen’s sign.
(B) Murphy’s sign.
(C) Blumberg’s sign.
(D)McBurney’s sign.

Back 440

C) Blumberg's sign

Front 441

In the diagnosis of Addison’s disease and Cushing’s syndrome, 17-
hydroxycorticosteroids (17-OHCS) and 17-ketosteroids (17-KS) tests are used to
measure the adrenocortical function. On what sample are these tests performed?
(A)Urine.
(B) Blood.
(C) Stools.
(D) Sputum.

Back 441

A) Urine

Front 442

Cardiac conduction can be accurately measured by
(A) Echocardiography.
(B) Electrocardiogram.
(C) Magnetic resonance imaging.
(D) Coronary artery catheterization.

Back 442

B) Electrocardiogram

Front 443

Chlamydia is most frequently co-infected with
(A) Syphilis.
(B) Gonorrhea.
(C) Genital herpes.
(D)Nongonococcal urethritis.

Back 443

B) Gonorrhea

Front 444

All of the following salts are ingredients of the over-the-counter (OTC) antacids
EXCEPT
(A) Calcium carbonate.
(B) Magnesium sulfate.
(C) Aluminum hydroxide.
(D)Magnesium hydroxide.

Back 444

B) Magnesium sulfate

Front 445

A laparoscope is used to visualize alterations in the
(A)Uterine cavity.
(B) Synovial cavity.
(C) Thoracic cavity.
(D)Abdominal cavity.

Back 445

D) Abdominal cavity

Front 446

Brainstem consists of
(A) Cerebrum, midbrain, and cerebellum.
(B) Midbrain, pons, and medulla oblongata.
(C) Cerebrum, cerebellum, and diencephalon.
(D) Epithalamus, thalamus, and hypothalamus.

Back 446

B) Midbrain, pons, and medulla oblongata

Front 447

Which of the following drugs is NOT useful in the treatment of Parkinson’s disease?
(A) Levodopa (Dopar®).
(B) Dopamine (Intropin®).
(C) Amantadine (Symmetrel®).
(D) Bromocriptine (Pardodel®).

Back 447

B) Dopamine (Intropin)

Front 448

Phenytoin (Dilantin®) is the preferred drug for each of the following types of
epilepsy EXCEPT
(A) Petit mal.
(B) Grand mal.
(C) Partial seizures.
(D) Status epilepticus.

Back 448

A) Petit mal

Front 449

A painful conical thickening of the skin that typically occurs over the bony
prominence (e.g. little toe) and results from recurrent pressure on the normally thin
skin would be
(A)Gout.
(B) Corn.
(C) Callus.
(D) Bunion.

Back 449

B) Corn

Front 450

Bone spurs as seen in patients with osteoarthritis are detected by
(A) Bone X-rays.
(B) Bone nuclear scan.
(C) Bone densitometry.
(D) Bone marrow biopsy.

Back 450

A) Bone X-rays

Front 451

A medical condition that is marked by an abnormally large number of red blood cells
in the circulatory system is known as
(A) Polycythemia.
(B) Lymphocytosis.
(C) Erythroblastosis.
(D) Thrombocytopenia.

Back 451

A) Polycythemia

Front 452

Which organ below is LEAST likely to be punctured if needling is done incorrectly or
the depth of the needle is inappropriate?
(A) Liver.
(B) Kidney.
(C) Gallbladder.
(D) Urinary bladder.

Back 452

C) Gallbladder

Front 453

A patient presents to the clinic with reduced vision, weakness, pain, paresthesia (pinsand-
needles sensations), and urinary incontinence. MRI has detected the
characteristic lesions in the CNS. What is the most likely medical diagnosis?
(A) Fibromyalgia.
(B) Osteoarthritis.
(C) Diabetes mellitus.
(D) Multiple sclerosis.

Back 453

D) Multiple sclerosis

Front 454

Which of the following is the single most preventable cause of disease, disability, and
death in the United States?
(A) Tobacco use.
(B) Drinking and driving.
(C) Alcohol consumption.
(D) Excessive body weight.

Back 454

A) Tobacco use

Front 455

A college student comes to the campus clinic, complaining of painful urination with
pus-containing urethral discharge. He mentions a weekend fling of his promiscuous
sexual activity not long ago. Upon examination, there is no skin eruption discovered
around the genital area. But numerous Gram-negative diplococci are observed under
the light microscope from his urethral discharge sample. What is the most likely
medical diagnosis?
(A) Syphilis.
(B) Gonorrhea.
(C) Chlamydia.
(D) Genital herpes.

Back 455

B) Gonorrhea

Front 456

Iron deficiency anemia is the most common type of anemias, and often results from
(A) Traumatic injury.
(B) Excessive menstruation.
(C) Gastrointestinal bleeding.
(D) All of the above.

Back 456

D) All of the above

Front 457

All of the following are specific markers for damage to the myocardium EXCEPT
(A) Creatine kinase (CK).
(B) Troponin T and troponin I.
(C) Antistreptolysin O (ASO) titer.
(D) Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH).

Back 457

C) Antistreptolysin O (ASO) titer

Front 458

A 2-year-old boy is brought by his parents to the clinic with a 3-day history of fever,
listlessness, and cough. Physical examination reveals a lethargic child with a
congested throat. Tiny irregular red spots with central bluish-white specks (Koplik’s
spots) are found in his buccal mucosa. Maculopapular skin rashes are also visible
over the body. What is the most likely medical diagnosis?
(A) Measles.
(B) Pertussis.
(C) Diphtheria.
(D) Chickenpox.

Back 458

A) Measles

Front 459

Antidote for overdose of anticoagulant warfarin is
(A) Vitamin A.
(B) Vitamin C.
(C) Vitamin E.
(D) Vitamin K.

Back 459

D) Vitamin K

Front 460

Abdominal cramping, muscle weakness, or breathing difficulty caused by the use of
diuretics are due to decreased blood
(A) Sodium.
(B) Calcium.
(C) Potassium.
(D) Magnesium.

Back 460

C) Potassium

Front 461

Which cranial nerve innervates muscles of mastication?
(A) CN V (Trigeminal).
(B) CN VII (Facial).
(C) CN IX (Glossopharyngeal).
(D) CN X (Vagus).

Back 461

A) CN V (Trigeminal)

Front 462

Holter monitoring is used to record
(A) Blood pressure.
(B) Body temperature.
(C) Heart rate and rhythm.
(D) Breathing rate and depth.

Back 462

C) Heart rate and rhythm

Front 463

Onycholysis or destruction of nails is commonly seen in patients with
(A) Eczema.
(B) Psoriasis.
(C) Rheumatoid arthritis.
(D) Iron deficiency anemia.

Back 463

B) Psoriasis

Front 464

Which blood test is ordered for a patient with suspected prostatic carcinoma?
(A) Acid phosphatase.
(B) Alkaline phosphatase.
(C) Alanine aminotransferase.
(D) Aspartate aminotransferase.

Back 464

A) Acid phosphatase

Front 465

A patient, who appears hostile, always blames the physician for the illness, and
repeatedly attempts suicide (but never successful!), often has a(n)
(A) Mood disorder.
(B) Anxiety disorder.
(C) Personality disorder.
(D) Conversion disorder.

Back 465

C) Personality disorder

Front 466

Fetal umbilical cord contains
(A) One umbilical artery and one umbilical vein.
(B) One umbilical artery and two umbilical veins.
(C) Two umbilical arteries and one umbilical vein.
(D) Two umbilical arteries and two umbilical veins.

Back 466

C) Two umbilical arteries and one umbilical vein

Front 467

Which of the following diseases may lead to renal complications?
(A) Gout.
(B) Hypertension.
(C) Diabetes mellitus.
(D) All of the above.

Back 467

D) All of the above

Front 468

Which pair of the following vitamins is water-soluble?
(A) Vitamin A and vitamin B.
(B) Vitamin B and vitamin C.
(C) Vitamin C and vitamin D.
(D) Vitamin D and vitamin E.

Back 468

B) Vitamin B and Vitamin C

Front 469

“Unhappy triad” is an injury to the knee, which commonly occurs in contact sports
when the knee is hit from the outside. What structure is NOT affected in this injury?
(A) Patellar ligament.
(B) Medial meniscus.
(C) Anterior cruciate ligament.
(D) Medial collateral ligament.

Back 469

A) Patellar ligament

Front 470

A nosocomial infection is
(A) Only the result of surgical operations.
(B) Always caused by pathogenic bacteria.
(C) Diagnosed at the time of hospitalization.
(D) Acquired during the course of hospitalization

Back 470

D) Acquired during the course of hospitalization

Front 471

Scleral icterus is a sign of
(A) Anemia.
(B) Jaundice.
(C) Hemorrhage.
(D) Inflammation.

Back 471

B) Jaundice

Front 472

Montelukast (Singulair®) is used to prevent difficulty breathing, chest tightness,
wheezing and coughing caused by asthma. Its mechanism of action is to inhibit
(A) Serotonin.
(B) Histamine.
(C) Leukotriene.
(D) Prostaglandin.

Back 472

C) Leukotriene

Front 473

Claw hand is a condition characterized by curved or bent fingers, which is caused by
injury to the
(A) Ulnar nerve.
(B) Radial nerve.
(C) Median nerve.
(D) Axillary nerve.

Back 473

A) Ulnar nerve

Front 474

Standing on one’s toes is the action of which muscle or muscle group?
(A) Quadriceps.
(B) Hamstrings.
(C) Gastrocnemius.
(D) Tibialis anterior.

Back 474

C) Gastrocnemius

Front 475

Shifting dullness on percussion is a sign of
(A) Ascites.
(B) Pleurisy.
(C) Splenomegaly.
(D) Hepatomegaly.

Back 475

A) Ascites

Front 476

In cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), circulation is assessed by feeling which
pulse?
(A) Aortic pulse.
(B) Radial pulse.
(C) Carotid pulse.
(D) Femoral pulse.

Back 476

C) Carotid pulse

Front 477

Oral contraceptive pills (OCPs) effect through a negative feedback on which
hormones listed below?
(A) Estrogen and progesterone.
(B) Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH).
(C) Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH).
(D) All of the above.

Back 477

C) FSH and LH

Front 478

Sonography (ultrasound) is most useful in the evaluation of the diseases related to the
(A) Lung.
(B) Bone.
(C) Bowel.
(D) Uterus.

Back 478

D) Uterus

Front 479

Hodgkin’s disease is a cancer of the
(A) Nervous system.
(B) Endocrine system.
(C) Lymphatic system.
(D) Cardiovascular system.

Back 479

C) Lymphatic system

Front 480

A patient presents to the clinic with a chief complaint of flushing, which occurs
within 2 hours of taking a prescribed medicine for high blood levels of cholesterol
and triglycerides. What is this medicine?
(A) Niacin.
(B) ACE inhibitor.
(C) Oral hypoglycemic agent.
(D) HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor.

Back 480

A) Niacin

Front 481

Vomiting of blood is medically termed as
(A) Hematuria.
(B) Hemoptysis.
(C) Hematemesis.
(D) Hematochezia.

Back 481

C) Hematemesis

Front 482

Which of the following is NOT one of the CAGE questions for patients with alcohol
abuse?
(A) Have you ever felt the need to CHANGE the amount of drinking?
(B) Have you ever felt ANNOYED by criticism of drinking?
(C) Have you ever felt GUILTY about drinking?
(D) Have you ever taken a drink first thing in the morning to open your EYES?

Back 482

A) Have you ever felt the need to CHANGE the amount of drinking?
The correct answer would be "Have you ever felt the need to CUT-Down on the amount of drinking?"

Front 483

High doses of which vitamin may cause bleeding problems, particularly in patients
who are taking anticoagulants?
(A) Vitamin A.
(B) Vitamin D.
(C) Vitamin E.
(D) Vitamin K.

Back 483

C) Vitamin E

Front 484

Heberden and Bouchard nodes found in the fingers are characteristic of
(A) Osteoporosis.
(B) Osteoarthritis.
(C) Rheumatoid arthritis.
(D) Systemic lupus erythematosus.

Back 484

B) Osteoarthritis

Front 485

Babinski’s response (plantar reflex) is used to identify the disease of the
(A) Cardiovascular system.
(B) Gastrointestinal system.
(C) Central nervous system.
(D) Peripheral nervous system.

Back 485

C) Central nervous system

Front 486

A document, signed by a competent adult (i.e. principal) and designating a person that
the principal trusts to make health care decisions on the principal’s behalf should the
principal be unable to make such decisions, is known as
(A) Living will.
(B) Incompetence.
(C) Informed consent.
(D) Durable power of attorney.

Back 486

D) Durable power of attorney

Front 487

Possible side effects of ibuprofen include
(A) Peptic ulcer.
(B) Stomach upset.
(C) GI tract bleeding.
(D) All of the above.

Back 487

D) All of the above

Front 488

An increase in the anteroposterior (AP) diameter of the thorax or barrel-shaped chest
is indicative of
(A) Pneumothorax.
(B) Pleural effusion.
(C) Congenital heart disease.
(D) Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).

Back 488

D) Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)

Front 489

Shingles is a viral disease, and its clinical course is most likely to be
(A) Acute.
(B) Latent.
(C) Chronic.
(D) Subacute.

Back 489

B) Latent

Front 490

Barium studies are most commonly used in the diagnosis of the disorders of the
(A) Urinary tract.
(B) Digestive tract.
(C) Respiratory tract.
(D) Reproductive tract.

Back 490

B) Digestive tract

Front 491

Hormonal therapy may be applied in the treatment of which of the following cancers?
(A) Breast cancer.
(B) Prostate cancer.
(C) Leukemia and lymphoma.
(D) All of the above.

Back 491

D) All of the above

Front 492

A bone with what structure(s) listed below would be a vertebra?
(A) Pedicle.
(B) Lamina.
(C) Spinous process.
(D) All of the above.

Back 492

D) All of the above

Front 493

Inferior angle of the scapula is at the level of
(A) Spinous process of the 7th cervical vertebra.
(B) Spinous process of the 7th thoracic vertebra.
(C) Spinous process of the 12th thoracic vertebra.
(D) Spinous process of the 4th lumbar vertebra.

Back 493

B) Spinous process of the 7th thoracic vertebra

Front 494

Asking the patient to shrug shoulders upward against your hands and turn the head to
each side against your hand is the test for which cranial nerve?
(A) CN IX (Glossopharyngeal).
(B) CN X (Vagus).
(C) CN XI (Accessory).
(D) CN XII (Hypoglossal).

Back 494

C) CN XI (Accessory)

Front 495

For a 24-year-old sexually inactive woman, how often should a Pap smear be done?
(A) Every 6 months.
(B) Every 12 months.
(C) Every 2 years.
(D) Every 3 years.

Back 495

B) Every 12 months

Front 496

Therapeutic uses of diazepam (Valium®) include
(A) Seizures.
(B) Sleep disorders.
(C) Muscle spasticity.
(D) All of the above.

Back 496

D) All of the above

Front 497

Excess of aldosterone may result in all of the following EXCEPT
(A) Hypertension.
(B) Hyperkalemia.
(C) Hypervolemia.
(D) Hypernatremia.

Back 497

B) Hyperkalemia

Front 498

Vaccines against which of the following infectious diseases of the bacterial origin are
available now?
(A) Hepatitis B.
(B) Chickenpox.
(C) Poliomyelitis.
(D)Whooping cough.

Back 498

D) Whooping cough

Front 499

Functioning of what brain structure is essential for maintaining normal
consciousness?
(A) Cerebellum.
(B) Basal nuclei.
(C) Limbic system.
(D) Reticular activating system.

Back 499

D) Reticular activating system

Front 500

In addition to blood coagulation test, diagnostic procedures for deep vein thrombosis
(DVT) include
(A) Ultrasound.
(B) Venography.
(C) CT or MRI scans.
(D) All of the above.

Back 500

D) All of the above