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55 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
niacin
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cutaneous flushing/vasodilation, tachyphylaxis. Hepatotoxicity can occur
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fibrates
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bile stones, nausea, liver failure, myopathy, rhabdomyolysis, bile stones
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resins
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bloating, constipation, impaired absorption of vitamin K, dietary folates and drugs (digitialis, thiazaides, warfarin, pravastatin, fluvastatin)
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ezetimibe
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well tolerated
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thiazide diuretics
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hypokalemia, hyperuricemia, hypercalcemia, hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia. Alkylates the body pH
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loop diuretics
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hypokalemia, hypocalcemia, hypomagnesemia, renal failure. Alkalyates the body pH
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potassium sparing diuretics
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hyperkalemia, renal failure. Acidifies body pH
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clonidine
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constipation, rebound hypertension, sexual dysfunction
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methyldopa
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positive coomb's test, orthostatic hypotension
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guanethidine
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diarhea, orthostatic hypotension, sexual dysfunction
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reserpine
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depression, parkinson-like syndrome
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beta blockers
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asthma in asthmatics, nightmares, vivid dreams, masks symptoms of hypoglycemia
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alpha blockers
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orthostatic hypotension
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mixed blockers
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orthostatic hypotension
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ganglionic blocker (trimethaphan)
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sympathoplegia (excessive orthostatic hypotension and sexual dysfunction)
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minoxidil
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hypertrichosis (hair growth)
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hydralazine
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lupus like syndromes
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diazoxide
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hyperglycemia
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sodium nitroprusside
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psychosis, muscle spasms, convulsions (related to thiocyante) and hypotension, metabolic acidosis, arrhythmias (related to cyanide due to metabolism of drug)
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Nifedipine
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large reflex tachycardia because it is not cardiodepressant
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verapamil
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no refelx tachycardia because it is very cardiodepressant = never use with beta blockers
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diltiazem
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some reflex tachycardia because it is only a little cardiodepressant
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ACE inhibitors
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dry cough, angioedema, hyperkalemia
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Aliskiren
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edema, elevated uric acid = gall and renal stones, gastroesophageal erflux
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acetazolamide
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allergy - drowsiness. Acidifies body pH
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thiazides + loop diuretics
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increased risk of renal carcinoma
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Spironolactone
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estrogen/testosterone mediated side effects (gynecomastia, antiandrogenic)
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nitrates
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tachycardia, orthostatic hypertension, interact with ED drugs, cause methemoglobinemia at high doses
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bepridil
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can produce torsades de pointes
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adenosine
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coronary steal in presence of CAD
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dipyridamole
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coronary steal in presence of CAD
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digoxin
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yellow green halos, blurred vision, narrow therapeutic window - prolong PR, slurr ST, widen QRS
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dobutamine
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angina pectoris, ventricular arrhythmias, increased TPR, restlessness
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dopamine
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angina pectoris, ventricular arrhythmias, increased TPR, restlessness
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amrinone
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reversible thrombocytopenia, ventricular arrhythmias
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beta-2 agonists
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body tremor
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systemic corticosteroids
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moon face, buffalo hump, abnormal glucose metabolism, mood changes
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inhaled corticosteroids
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dysphonia (myopathy of vocal cords), oral thrush (candidiasis), cough, C. pneumoniae infections
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histamine release inhibitors
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irritant effect of powder and safety issues
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Zileuton
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reversible heaptitis, can inhibit metabolism of warfarin = bleeding
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methylxandthine
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seizures at high doses, anorexia, nausea vomiting
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Omalizumab
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anaphylactic shock possible
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Class IA antiarrhythmics
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torsades de pointes (potentiated by hypokalemia), precipitation of heart failure, antichoinergic action = precipitation of acute glaucoma, urinary retention, dry eyes and mouth, blurred vision
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Class IB antiarrhythmics
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neurologic sequelae - muscle tremors, restlessness, blurred vision, insomnia. Large doses - grand mal seizures, respiratory depression, hypotension
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Class IC antiarrhythmics
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precipitate recurrent ventricular tachycardia, sudden death, worsening heart failure, CNS - dizziness, visual disturbances, headache
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amiodarone
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corneal microdeposits (photophobia), photosensitivity reactions, alterations of thyroid hormone metabolism, pulmonary fibrosis, peripheral neurophathy, ocular neuritis, liver damage
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myeloid growth factors
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pleural effusions
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ED drugs
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priapism
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heparin
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unwanted bleeding, osteoporosis in pt in renal dialysis
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warfarin
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bleeding, serious birth defects, can cause necrosis of intestines, breast tissue and other fatty tissue
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lipirudin
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bleeding, can cause anaphylatic shock
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aspirin, clopidogrel
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epigastric pain, gastrointestinal bleeding
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ticlopidine
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epigastric pain, gastrointestinal bleeding, thrombocytopenia, neutropenia
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streptokinase
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bleeding - antibodies to streptokinase are common must be cautious if pt has antibodies
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quinidine
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cinchonism
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