Task Analysis Terminology 1

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Performance Analysis Definition

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The evaluation of the quality or effectiveness of the motor, process and/or social interaction skills, based on the observation of a person as he or she is engaged in the performance of a desired or needed daily life task and with the goal of evaluating the person's quality of occupational performance

Based on Observation

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Performance Analysis Example (specifically looks at the quality of occupational performance)

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Comprehensive interview with them to determine what tasks they priortize and see as a concern.

Limitations/Resources that prevent them from doing the task. Tells you about the process of the

Occurs in four steps

1. observes the person perform prioritized daily life tasks

2. identifies what task actions (performance skills) the person performed effectively or ineffectively.

3. Make a list of ineffective performance skills observed and select up to 10 motor and process skills and/or 10 social interaction skills that best capture the person's diminished quality of OP.

4. Create clusters of interrelated performance skills and write summary statements that can be used to document the person's quality of occupational performance

AMPS, School AMPS and ESI

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Task Analysis Defintion (reson or cause of occupational performance problems)

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Resaon for or cause of a person's occupational performance problems -- why the person can/cannot perform a task well

Based on Observation

(looks at person factors and body functions, task demands, environmental demands, and/or societal and cultural influences)

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Book Task Analysis Definition

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It is intended for purposes of identifying what environmental, task-related, person-related (i.e., person factors and body functions?, and/or societal and cultural factors may have been the reason for a person's diminished quality of occupational performance; most often based on professional reasoning and speculation following the occupational therapist's observation of the person's task performance

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Task Analysis Example

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A-ONE and Neurobehavioral Scale (NB)

Kitchen Task Assessment, CHildren's Kitchen Task Assessment ; Executive Function Performance Test (EFPT)

measurement of neurobehavioral impairments that cause decreased behavioral performance

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Activity Analysis Book Definition

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An analytical analysis intended for purposes of determining the typically required demands of a task within a given culture; addresses the required body funcitons, personal factors and envionrmental characteristics needed to succesffully perofmr the task. it is used in occupaitonal therpay to design therapuetic activities and identify ways to modify activites for improved performance.

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Activity Analysis Continued (based on analysis of activity in the abstract instead of observation like the other two)

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What is typically required in a given culture to succesfully perform a task and how to modify a task to design therapuetic occupation

Based off of culture as a whole and determined for specific tasks.

The level of analysis looks at the person's factors and body functions, task demands, environmental demands and or societal and cultural influences.

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Pierce Vocab:

Occupation

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a person's personally constructed, one-time experience within a unique context

Nonrepeatable experience

Subjective event in perceived temporal, spatial and sociocultural conditions that are unique to that one-time occurrence

Interpreted before, during and after they happen

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Examples of Occupations

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Play

Cooking

Eating breakfast with somone (never have the same experience because things will be different)

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Activity

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A more general, culturally shared idea about a category of action

Is not experience by a specific person; is ont observable as an occurrence; and is not located in a fully existent temporal, spatial and socio cultural context

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Examples of Activities

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Are more broad categories of activities

-eating

-working

-music

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Subjectivity

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refers to how somone's judgement is shaped by personal opinions and feelings instead of outside influences.

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Subjectivity of Occupations vs. Activities

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Occupations: an occupation is the experience of a person, who is the sole author of the occupations meaning.

Activities are shaped by cultural rather than the persons own opinion.

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Example of Subjectivity

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Shopping can fit all kinds of people. This is an activity -- a culturally shared, general idea about doing norms and expectations inherent in activity ideas and of the palette of activities typically considered by a persons of different ages, genders, or cultural backgrounds.

Occupation -- baby clothes shopping with daughter

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Context

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Surrounds the person and has spatial, temporal and sociocultural dimensions

spatial context: includes the body from which one acts and the objects, spaces and conditions of the physical environment

temporal context includes time of day, sequence, duration and other temporal qualities

sociocultural context includes the people, relationships, instituitions and social and cultural meanins fo the situation

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Context (Occupation vs. Activity)

Example

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Occupation: the person percieves context as rich, sensory dimensions of the experience.

Activity: flexible ideas of the context

Example:

Occupation -- camping: a persons occupational experience will have specifically eprceived conditions: who was there, the weather, the views, the hikes -- the entire spatial, temporal, and sociocultural context of the experience.

Activity: the activity of cmaping is an idea with general implications for context: aybe a tent in teh woods, a slow pace, a campfire.

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Task Focused Activity Analysis

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Understanding a typical way of doing things, their cultural meanings and the skills involved.

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Task Focused Activity Analysis Example

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Cooking:

task focused looks at the skills needed to cook dinner and the cultural meaning it has to cook dinner. How people typically cook.

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Theory Focused Activity Analysis Definition

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Adds a practice Theory to the Task Focused activity analysis to generate ideas for therapuetic use and adaptation of the activity

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Theory Focused Activity Analysis

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Cooking:

looks at ways to adapt the skills needed to cook dinner and implement cooking as a therapeutic use.

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Individual Focused Activity ANalysis

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combines the two previous analyses with a focus on the person's specfic problems interests and lifestyle

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Individual Focused Activity Analysis Example

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Cooking:

Takes into account the both the task and theory activity analysis to help understand the limitations and interests the client may have. In terms of cooking may have to evaluate if they can cook their favorite meal and whether or not they have the steps

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Occupation Definition from AOTA

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As chunks of culturally and personally meaningful activity in which humans engage that can be named in teh lexicon of our culture

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Nelson Article:

Occupational Form

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is an objective set of circumstances, independent of and external to a person.

preexisting structure that elicits, guides or structures subsequent human performance.

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Occupational Performance

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is the action elicited, guided or structured by the preexisting occupational form.

The doing* can be understood only in terms of the environmental context in which the performance takes place (that is, only in terms of the occupational form).

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Occupational Performance

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consists of human actions taken in response to an occupational form

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Occupation

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Relationship between Occupational form and occupational performance

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Meaningfulness

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is a term used to lable an individuals interpretation of the occupational form

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Developmental Structure:

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Characterisitcs of sensory, motor, perceptual, congitive, emotional, and interpersonal structural ability.

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Purpose

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is the goal orientation of the individual and the link between the indiviudal devleopmental structure/occupational performance

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Adaptation

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Process of change that occurs through the performance of occupation

Think of it as a type of reinforcement that impacts our cycle of occupation.