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111 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Meat Type Hog |
Large amounts of meat, muscle Ham, Roasts, Loins |
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Bacon Type Hog |
large amounts of fat more fat than muscle uses a probe to measure thickness of back fat |
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Pig |
young of either sex < 120 lbs |
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Hog |
> 120 lbs the preferred term |
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Piglet |
unweaned baby |
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Shoat |
immature, intact male |
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Boar |
Mature, intact male |
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Barrow |
Young Castrated Male |
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Stag |
Mature Castrated Male |
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Gilt |
Immature female Never given birth |
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Sow |
Mature Female |
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Maternal LInes |
Produce more pigs per litter Higher milk production Docile |
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Terminal Lines |
Fast growth Muscled, meaty carcass Durable and leaner |
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Maternal Abundant Milk Large Floppy Ears facing Forward and Down |
American Landrace |
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Terminal Most influential breed High quality meat Fast growth 1st Swine registry breed |
Berkshire |
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Maternal No curly q tail More rounded ears Prolific |
Chester White |
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Terminal Lean carcass Good feed & growth Good mothering Light golden to Mahogany |
Duroc |
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Slow growing and fat resistant to some diseases Large litters, could get 2 a year |
Fengjing |
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Terminal Prolific Lean Carcass 1 of the oldest original |
Hampshire |
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Maternal Prolific Good Mothers at least 2/3 red and some white on face |
Hereford |
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Terminal Maximum weight Quiet disposition Substantial bone Good on its feet |
Poland China |
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Terminal at least 20 % but not over 80% must be either black or white |
Spotted Swine |
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Maternal Prolific red, varying shades one of the oldest purebreeds |
Tamworth |
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Maternal Abundant Milk Long Carcass |
Yorkshire |
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1986, first sold 40 to 150 lb Average 3 feet long Wide range of colors |
Vietnamese Potbelly |
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Mini Potbelly |
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Swine Production Industry |
2nd Largest in U.S. less Food = More meat < 5 lbs of feed per 1 lb pork |
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Farrow to Finish |
Birth to market 200 lbs |
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Farrow to Wean |
Birth to 3 - 5 weeks |
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Feeder to Finish |
Weanlings to market |
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Breeders |
Purebred hogs for sale to other breeders or farrowing farms |
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Specific Pathogen Free |
SPF university herds free of disease |
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Behavior |
Stress Easily Very Vocal Biting - Boar with Tusks Rooting Will chase people |
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Housing |
60 to 75 degree temps bright even lighting hogs can slip in water |
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Feeds |
Max intake with min.costs CHO and fats - corn, wheat, oats, barley, tallow, veggie oil Protein - soybean meal, cottonseed meal, fishmealq |
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Vitamins and Minerals |
Macrominerals - ca2, po4, na, cl micro - fe, zn, cu, i, se vitamins - a, d, e, k, b complex |
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4 housing needs from video |
Food Water Comfort Care |
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3 times to use antibiotics |
Treat Prevent Control |
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Porcine Somatotropin |
pST common growth hormone |
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Withdraw from meat |
2 to 70 days |
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Gestation Diet |
Low Protein - 12 %
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Lactation Diet |
Higher protein - 14 % |
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Starter Diet |
High Protein - 20 to 24 % then 18 to 20 % |
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Grower Diet |
protein 16 % |
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Finisher Diet |
protein 14 % |
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Reproduction |
polyestrous cycle every 21 days 3 mo, 3 wks, 3 days - 114 |
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Neonates |
90 to 95 degrees colostrum within 30 minutes Teat order weaned at 3 to 6 weeks Iron Dextram IM to prevent anemia - baby pig thumps |
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Ear notching |
Right ear - litter # Left ear - Individual # |
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Hogs respect solid barriers |
hurdles paddles |
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Canes |
used to move hog forward |
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Piglet restraint |
Catch a hindlimb suspend by hindlegs football hold |
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Pig Snare |
Tool of choice like a rabies pole |
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casting |
rope harness |
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TPR Normals |
Temp - 101 - 103.5 Pulse - 60 - 90, 200 - 280 in newborns RR - 10 - 24/min, up to 50/min in young |
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Pulse points |
Auricular artery along pinna coccygeal in tail |
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Dental Formula |
44 total 2 ( I 3/3, C 1/1, PM 4/4, M 3/3 ) |
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Venipuncture |
Lateral Auricular Vein - < 5 ml, > 25 lb & 4 - 5 weeks old Cranial Vena Cava - Thoracic inlet, between forst pair of ribs, use right side only, phrenic nerve ill stop breathing, sm hogs in dorsal, aim towards oppisite shoulder Orbital SInus - in 3rd eyelid at 45 degree angle |
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Venipuncture II |
Jugular - hard to hit Cephalic - not used Coccygeal - only w/intact tail Milk - subcutaneous abdominal vein |
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Medicating |
Oral - piglets standing Syringe for small volumes < 5 ml Stomach tube - mouth to last rib, up to 15 ml |
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IV injections |
ear vein most common site cephalic can also be used jugular in small piglets |
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Catheters |
Lateral Auricular Subcutaneous abdominal vein |
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IP |
usual route for fluid therapy |
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IM |
Dorsolateral Neck Muscles not over 2 ml for piglets not over 3 ml for larger hogs |
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SQ |
small hogs - Axillary area caudal to elbow or inguinal larger hogs - skin behind base of ear up to 3 ml |
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Anesthesia |
withhold food 6 - 12 hours - piglets - 1 to 3 hours Atropine to control salivation most premeds given IM |
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Alpha 2 agonists and Disassocitives |
xylazine and ketamine Medetomidine and KETAMINE |
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Benzodiazapines and disassocitives |
Ketamaine and Midzolam Ketamine and Diazepam |
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Other induction agents |
Telazol Thiopental Propofol |
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Endotrachael Intubation |
6mm for 25 kg Dorsal |
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Halothane |
Malignant hypothermia Dantrolene given 6 to 8 hrs before may prevent |
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Castration |
2 to 4 weeks Bard Parker # 3 handle and # 12 blade |
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C-Section |
Lumbosacral Epidural |
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Detusking |
canines grow always females it stops at 2 yrs |
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Ascaris Suum Nematode Sm. Intestine Liver/Lung migration |
Roundworm |
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Trichinella Spiralis Undercooked Pork Intercostal muscles |
Trichinellosis |
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Trichuris Suis Nematode Cecum Lg. Intestine 11 yrs inactive Polar Plugs |
Whipworm |
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Metastrongylus Apri Nematode Needs earthworm host |
Lungworm |
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Hyostrongylus Rubidus Ascarops strongylus Physocepha lus sexalatus |
Stomach worm 1st is red stomach worm |
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Strongyloides ransomi Sm. Intestine all worms female Colostrum |
Threadworm |
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Macracanthorhynchus hirudinaceus Grubs/beetles Sm. Intestine |
Thorny Headed Worm |
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Eimeria spp Isospora spp - neonates |
Coccidia |
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Stephanurus dentatus Kidneys, ureters, perianal |
Kidney Worm |
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Cysticercosis |
Cysticerus cellulosae - larvalstage tapeworm in people - Tenia solium |
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Oesophagostomum dentatum Gut wall |
Nodular worm |
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Balantidium Coli cecum/colon Zoonotic |
Balantidium Coli |
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Sarcoptes Scabiei suis sarcoptic mange |
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Hog Louse |
Haematopinus suis largest of sucking lice |
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piglet vaccines |
iron and e. coli within 12 hours of birth vaccine every week til 8 weeks, then 1 month, then yearly |
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Anemia |
Low iron |
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Parakeratosis rough scaly skin low zinc treat - balance zinc and calcium |
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Porcine Stress Syndrome |
PSS Malignant Hyperthermia Skeletal muscle Halothane |
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Ricketts |
lack of calcium, phosphorus or vitamin d |
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Atrophic Rhinitis Bacterial regressive - Bordetella bronchispetics progressive - Pasteurella Multocida , severe |
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Brucellosis |
bacterial destroy herd |
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Clostridium Perfringens type c hemorragic diarrhea |
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Enteric Colibacillosis |
Escherichia coli |
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Eperythrozoonosis |
Eperythrozoon Suis Lice tetracyclines |
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Erysipelas caused by erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae diamond shapped skin lesions penicillin |
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Greasy Pig Exudative Epidermitis staphylococcous hyicus |
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Glasser disease |
haemophilus parasuis h.parainfluenzae mycoplasma hyorhinis |
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Leptospirosis |
Leptospira pomona l. bratislava most common zoonotic |
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mycoplasmal Pneumonia |
mycoplasma hypopneumoniae lungworms |
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Pleuropneumonia |
Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae hemorrhagic pneumonia w/ fibrinous pleuritis thumps |
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Streprococcal |
Streproccus suis meningitis zoonotic |
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Swine Dysentry |
Bloody sours serpulina hyodysenteriae |
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Hog Cholera |
Swine fever viral |
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Porcine Parvovirus |
PPV viral mummification |
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Porcine Reproductive & Respiratory Syndrome |
reproductive - SMEDI post - weaning respiratory viral |
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Pseudorabies |
Aujeskys disease Mad Itch pig only natural host 100 loss piglets < 7 days Reportable viral |
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Swine Influenza |
Orthomyxovirus viral |
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Transmissible Gastroenteritis |
TGE Coronavirus 100 mortality in piglets viral |
