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31 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Active drowning victim
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A person exhibiting universal behavior that includes struggling at the surface in a vertical position and being unable to move forward or tread water.
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Back glide
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Coasting through the water in a horizontal face-up position after pushing off from a solid surface.
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Bobbing
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The skill of repeatedly submerging and pushing off from the bottom to return to the surface.
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Body roll
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A rotating movement of the body around the midline.
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Buoyancy
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The upward force that water exerts on an object.
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Catch
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The stage in an arm stroke when the swimmer first engages the water in a way that starts movement; the start of the power phase.
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Drag
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The resistance of water on a body moving through it.
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Finning
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A technique for moving through the water on the back using a pushing motion with the arms underwater.
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Form drag
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The resistance related to a swimmer’s shape and body position when moving through the water.
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Glide
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The stage of a stroke after the power phase when the body keeps moving without additional swimmer effort.
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Leading Arm
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When arms work in opposition, the arm reaching farthest beyond the head. In the sidestroke, this is also called the bottom arm.
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Midline
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– An imaginary line from head to feet that divides the body equally into left and right parts.
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Passive drowning victim
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An unconscious victim face-down, submerged or near the surface.
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Power phase
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The stage when the arm or leg stroke is moving the body in the desired direction.
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Prone
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On the front, face-down
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Propulsive
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Causing motion in the desired direction.
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Recovery
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The phase of a stroke when the arms or legs relax and return to the starting position.
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Rotary kick
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A kicking technique used for treading water; sometimes called the eggbeater kick.
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Sculling
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A propulsion technique for moving through the water or staying horizontal using only the arms and hands to manipulate the flow of water.
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Streamlined position
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A body positioned so that as it moves through the water, it pushes the least amount of water, receiving the least amount of resistance.
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Stroke mechanics
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The application of the hydrodynamic principles to understand and improve swimmer performance.
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Supine
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On the back, face-up
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Trailing arm
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The arm that rests on the hip in the glide phase of the sidestroke. Also called the top arm.
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Treading water
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– A skill using arm and leg movements to stay vertical in the same location with head out of the water.
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Front Crawl (Freestyle)
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The fastest and one of the most popular strokes.
The body position is prone, horizontal and streamlined. Body roll is necessary to support the propulsion generated by the arms and legs. The power phase of the arm stroke consist of the catch, mid-pull and finish. The kick is a flutter kick and has less propulsion than the arm stoke. A small breath is usually taken during each arm cycle by turning the head toward the recovery arm. |
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Back Crawl
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One of the four competitive strokes and it is the fastest stroke on the back.
The body position is supine, streamlined and horizontal. Both arms and legs provide propulsive forces. The arms move continuously in constant opposition to each other. The kick is similar to the flutter kick of the front crawl. A regular breathing pattern is used during each stroke. |
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Elementary Backstroke
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Used for recreation, survival swimming and exercising.
The body position is supine, streamlined and horizontal. Arms and leg movements are simultaneous and symmetrical. The arm motion is sometimes referred to as “Tickle, T, Touch”. Both legs bend at the knee and make a circular kicking action similar to the breaststroke. Because the face is out of the water, breathing is very easy and is done during each arm stroke. |
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Sidestroke
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Used for recreational swimming and lifesaving.
The body is nearly horizontal and on the side during the glide. This stroke has a leading arm and a trailing arm. The very powerful scissor kick is used. Breathing is done rhythmically with each stroke. |
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The Three C’s to remember in an emergency situation:
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Check - Check the scene and the victim. Make sure there are no unsafe conditions that would prevent you from helping
Call – Call 9-1-1. Care – Care for the victim and keep him comfortable until the EMS personnel arrive and take over. |
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Some items suitable for reaching assists:
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Arms
Legs Noodles Rescue tube Oar |
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Some items suitable for throwing assists:
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Ring buoy
Rescue tube Life jacket Inner tube |