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44 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back

Judith Beheading Holofernes, Caravaggio



-Judith looks like she is prissy and isn’t really into it; like she was put up to it instead of actually wanting to kill him

Judith Beheading Holofernes, Gentileschi



=


*

The first woman artist noticed in the book


* Story is from the Old Testament


Artemisia Gentileschi, Judith and Her Maidservant with the Head of Holofernes



*

Moment of tension


*

The journey isn’t done; they still have to get out of enemy camp


* Southern Burrock because of the diagonals, movement, drama, strong light source, candles, rich colors, yellow, white, blues, reds, etc., figures in foreground; up close to the viewers
* Located in the Detroit Art Institute


Valazques, The Maids of Honor



*

Scenes of everyday life; turn of Northern Burrock Period


*

Focused on texture and detail


*

Valezques is in the painting, he’s the guy, obviously


*

Some of the composition is taken up by a canvas


*

King and Queen are in the mirror; they are supposed to be where we are looking


*

Guy is framed by the door


* Door is echoed throughout the painting through other paintings; frames and rectangular shapes


Francisco de Zurbaran, St. Serapion



*

Dark background


*

Close to the picture plane


*

Strong light source


*

Diagonals throughout the composition, his arms, x-shaped composition


* Motion and drama in face


Peter Paul Rubens, The Raising of the Cross



*

His family converted from Catholicism and Protestant and then back to Catholicism when his father died


*

Educated man; diplomat for the Netherlands, author, etc.


*

Tryptic for alter in Belgium


*

One image split into three paintings


*

Strong diagonals, light source, Christ is the center of the image and is also the lightest; most contrast


*

Dramatic


*

He isn’t dead yet; which is different from all of the other scenes


*

35 foot tall painting


*

Northern Influence; background isn’t just black, there’s a lot of fabric, lots of hair, plant matter; individual leaves and branches, still close to the picture plane


*

Influenced by Michelangelo


Rubens. Henry IV Receiving the Portrait of Marie de’ Medici



*

Shows Henry IV falling in love with Marie; but it’s ironic because they were already married before they met


*

Hera and Zeus; king and queen of the Gods above


* Ares is by Henry IV


Rubens, Marie de Medici, Queen of France, Marseilles



*

Life is overseen by angelic and godly figures


*

Marie getting off of the boat


*

Personification of France who is greeting her as she gets off the boat


*

Code of Arms is on the boat; Medici


* Poseidon's daughters are at the bottom of the picture plane


Anthony van Dyck

*

Worked at Ruben’s studio; Ruben influenced his painting style


*

Traveled throughout Europe painting for people


*

Didn’t want to compete with Ruben


*

Ruben is painting portraits


* Known for the fabric that he paints in his compositions

Anthony van Dyck, Charles I Hunting



*

Charles was executed after this painting was finished; was worried he was going to destroy the parliament; married a Catholic; Protestant country, which didn’t fly with everyone else


*

Picture of him as a ruler; obviously


*

Servants are there to take care of the animals


*

Connecting Charles I to great rulers of the past


*

Putting rulers on horses; horse is bowing


*

Free, modern, naturalistic; loose, vegetation


* Lightness of touch and brushwork that van Dyck does

Rembrandt van Rijn, Self Portrait


*

Can see the brushwork; profound and real way


* Rembrandt is an innovative genius; no tight, controlled, brush work

Rembrandt van Rijn, Self Portrait


*

Can see the brushwork; profound and real way


* Rembrandt is an innovative genius; no tight, controlled, brush work

Rembrandt van Rijn, Bathsheba with King David's Letter



-An intense use of lights and darks; light source


-Light focuses on the central nude figure; skin glowing, clearly the focus of the painting


-Diagonal composition; there isn't a lot of emotion or drama (which is a distinguishing characteristic of the Southern Baroque)


-Bible story; King David and Bathsheba had an affair while she was married, she got pregnant, miscarriage; punishment for having an affair, David sent her husband to the front of the line, he died, this letter was a letter from King David that stated that her husband died


-thought of as relating to a time in Rembrandt's life when his mistress was pregnant and could never marry because of inherent issues

Rembrandt, The Night Watch of The Company of Frans Banning Cocq.



-Group portrait of the Civic Guard, happening in the Netherlands


-Prestigious group of people, revolution in composition, "changing the world of composition"


-Moved the figures outside; instead of just sitting at a table, dark painting, but it shouldn't be because it varnished over time


-Rembrandt is in the background, behind the central figure in the composition


-little girl; camp follower, older woman; help with sexual needs and cooking, has a chicken hanging from her waist; could be there to include a symbol into the painting instead of just a shield in the bottom right

Rembrandt, The Hundred Guilder Print



-Guilder is Dutch Money


-Scenes from the 19th chapter of the book of Mathew, stories about Jesus and healing miracles


-Made out of flint


-Glowing central figure; the people around him are sick and need him to heal them; figure next to Christ is Peter


- Pharisees are in the background and gossiping about what Christ is doing; healing the poor and the women


-Drypoint and etching; combining techniques of print making

Genre Scenes

-Pieces of artwork that are in specific genres; able to be afforded by the middle class


-TYPE OF GENRE is a Genre; everyday life, drinking, women having babies, doctor's office, landscape, etc.


-Church interiors; from different viewpoints, way to have a devotional image

Jan Steen, Feast of St. Nicholas



-Dutch Genre Imagery; whether they have another meaning to the paintings or not


-Some children are happy; girl with a doll, the boy who is smiling, there are other children who are crying and yelling


Jacob van Ruisdael, View of Haarlem with Bleaching Grounds



-Area in the Northern Netherlands, flat fields and the fields have to be drained because they are below sea level


- 2/3 is a painting of the sky


-Main church in the background


-People are trading cloth and linen; bleaching the whites outside to make them clean


-The perspective is from a real place that you could stand on and look out toward the fields

Jan Vermeer, Woman Holding a Balance



-Classic Genre Scenes


-Image is 16" x 14"


-Domestic domain of women; interior spaces, and light coming in from the upper left hand corner; often something in the foreground that is blocking the image from the viewer


-She is weighing jewelry and she's pregnant; the painting in the background is The Last Judgement


-There is a connection to the painting and The Last Judgement; the scale in the scene is related to the weighing of souls


-Vermeer is Catholic, accurate materials of life in the painting; all Dutch interiors have square, checkerboard-type tile floor for perspective lines; but there has been evidence that the Dutch floors were never like that

Vermeer, View of Delft



-Not really a characteristic of Vermeer; they aren't paintings of women light by a single light source on the left of the picture plane

Willem Claesz Haede, Still Life with Oysters



-Example of Northern Painting; Precision, Interested in Light, Textures, etc.


-Shows that painters are still being realistic in the North


Titan, The Venus of Urbino


HIGH ITALIAN RENAISSANCE



-People either thought that this was supposed to be a representation on how wives should act or it was the goddess; she is holding flowers, which is a sign of purity, but she is also naked and doing inappropriate things; giving you the "come hither" look


-Venus could also be the name of a prostitute

Pontormo, Entombment or Pieta


MANNERISM



-Scene where they're putting Jesus in the tomb


-Christ is dead and the figure on the left


-Mary is the figure in the middle


-The colors are washed out, acid-y, and flat

Michelangelo and Bartolommeo Ammanati, Laurentian Library


MANNERISM


PIETRA SERENA


BROKEN PEDIMENT



-Stairs are the entrance to the library


-The stairs are inside


-There are repeated figures; arches, columns, and windows


-Scroll Brackets don't hold anything


-Climenth VII commissioned the library


-Columns are scooted into the wall instead of jutting out and supporting the building

Cellini, Saltcellar of King Francis I


MANNERISM


NEPTUNE



-Made to enliven the conversation; conversation starter


-Salt shakers to King Francis I


-Important because they are one of the only gold objects that lasted through time because people would recycle them


-Destabilized composition, mannerism because it's Roman


Only work of Cellini still in existence

Michelangelo, The Last Judgment, Sistine Chapel, Vatican


MANNERISM



-Scene during Dooms Day


-Christ is in the middle condemning people to hell; Mary is on his right


-Saints on his left; people are being thrown off of the clouds and suffocated by snakes and demons


-There is a picture of the priest who ridiculed him in the painting and he's on his way to hell; second circle of hell; circle is lust


-Saints are carrying what killed them; guy is carrying his own skin


-Commissioned by Paul III


-Had to remove the frescos and paint over them


-Mary is looking helpless; doesn't want to intervene; Mary has no power

Parmagianino, Madonna of the Long Neck


MANNERISM



-Based on Michelangelo's Pieta because woman is looking down at baby


-Distorted, heavy, and the fingers are super long

Matthias Grunewald, Isenheim Altarpiece, closed (St. Sebastian, The Crucifixion, The Lamentation, St. Anthony Abbot)


HIGH NORTHERN RENAISSANCE



-Four different scenes; Saint Sabastian; people prayed to him to stop the plague, torturing


-Disease makes people look sickly


-St. Anthony is on the right; revered as a healer


-Predella; the Lamentation of Christ

Matthias Grunewald, Isenheim Altarpiece, The Annunciation, Madonna and Child with Angels, and the Resurrection


HIGH NORTHERN RENAISSANCE



-Hyper attention to detail


-Only put it out during Easter


-All joyful events; opposite of the St. Sebastian, The Crucifixion, The Lamentation, St. Anthony Abbot


-Resurrection on the right is important because of the composition; Christ is moving

Durer, Adam and Eve


HIGH NORTHERN RENAISSANCE


FOUR HUMORS



-Animals in the picture symbolize different sins


-Mice that Adam is about to release symbolizes the devil


-Cat is Choleric; quick to anger, ox; phlegmatic, lethargic and slow, elk; melancholic, sand and serious, rabbit; energetic and sensual

Durer, Self-Portrait


HIGH NORTHERN RENAISSANCE



-Trained as an goldsmith and a wood printer


-Traveled between North and South; Italy when having the Renaissance


-South: painting; parameters are centralized; looks a lot like Jesus


-North: hair and fur emphasized, black background is a characteristic of the north

Durer, The Four Apostles


HIGH NORTHERN RENAISSANCE



-St. John is in front of peter on the left


-Paul is in front of Mart on the right


-Shows that Durer supported Luther and Lutherism because Peter is the first pope; in background; Paul wrote letters; in the front of Mark

Pieter Bruegel the Elder, The Return of the Hunters


HIGH NORTHERN RENAISSANCE



-Genre painting; pictures of everyday life


-Like the Limbourg Brothers; like the calendar


Caravaggion, The Calling of St. Matthew, Contarelli Chapel, San Luigi dei Francesi, Rome


SOUTHERN BAROQUE



-Different; ornate, ellabrate, buildings and sculptures, diagonal poles, asymmetrical composition, loose, free technique, wasn't very structured, rich colors, dramatic chiaro scuro


-Marriage of architecture and sculpture


-Role of the viewer changes; observer is expected to be involved; intellectual reaction, clarity of the context


Caravaggio, The Conversion of St. Paul, Cerasi Chapel, Santa Maria del Popolo, Rome


SOUTHERN BAROQUE



-Oil


-Tenebrism - dramatic lights and darks


-Color scheme is rich


-Close to the picture plane


-X Figure in the painting

Artemisia Gentileschi, Judith and Her Maidservant with the Head of Holofernes


SOUTHERN BAROQUE



-Biblical story; Judith goes into the general's tent and tried to seduce him; he wanted to have sex with her; she gets him too drunk and then chops off his head


-Influenced by Carravagio


-Dramatic lights and tension in the picture


-First woman painter to be introduced


-Had been raped during her life which is why she paints these scenes


-Sacrifice for the nation; underdog is winning

Artemisia Gentilleschi, Judith Slaying Holofernes


SOUTHERN BAROQUE



Aerial view of St. Peter's, Rome, colonnade by Gianlorenzo Bernini


SOUTHERN BAROQUE



-Meant to look like the church is spreading their arms; welcoming its followers


-Rood of side columns are tapered in a way that the dome and the building under the dome is supposed to be closer


-One fountain originally but added another to have symmetry

Bernin, Baldacchino, St. Peter's, Rome


CHAIR OF ST. PETER is in the background


POPE URBAN VIII



-Interior Needed a Focal Point


-Baldacchino means The Canopy


-Made out of Bronze and Gold


-Took Bronze from ancient Roman Sculpture to make this structure


-Super heavy and super expensive


-Urban VIII commissioned; from Barberini family; code of arms which is bees; naked babies are called Pooti


-Above the grave of St. Peter


-Vines symbolize wine which is the blood of Christ


-Laurel and suns also part of Urban's code of arms

Francesco Borromini, San Carlo alle Quattro Fontante, Rome



Francesco Borromini, Plan of San Carlo alle Quattro Fontane, Rome


SOUTHERN BAROQUE



-Important because of its convex and concave surfaces


-There are a lot of different shapes


-Doesn't seem possible that that many shapes could exist in one space


-Merged sculpture and architecture

Dome of San Carlo alle Quattro Fontane, Rome


SOUTHERN BAROQUE



-Natural light is coming from the top of the dome, but Borromini hid this light; many windows

Bernini, David


SOUTHERN BAROQUE



-Height 5'7"


-Marble, important because it forced the viewer to be part of the story


-Only David that's in movement; not standing still

Bernini, The Ecstasy of St. Teresa (Full Chapel View), Cornaro Chapel, Santa Maria della Vittoria, Rome


SOUTHERN BAROQUE



-Church just needed a sculpture so they asked Bernini; sculpture was controversial


-12' tall


-Has hidden windows behind the pedament


-When the light shines down, it looks like the sun's rays; natural light


-Super sensual


-Shoved Catholicism back into the art field because it showed that Catholic religion has emotion; not all servitude; can get pleasure


-Showed that Saints and Angels were important to the religion as well