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17 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What is Surveillance?
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systemic continuous of a population, collection and analysis of data from many varied sources
Used for rapid detection and timely appropriate response to important health events and for production and communication of valid information about health and disease status of a population |
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What is the goal of surveillance?
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maintain and improve:
-animal health -animal welfare -economic viability of animal based food production systems |
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What is the purpose of surveillance?
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rapid detection of disease outbreaks (endemic, foreign and emerging)
early detection prevents catastrophic losses and costs of food products produce information about disease, their importance, changing geographic distribution and changing risk factors evaluate effectiveness of disease control, biosecurity and border security programs |
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What are the components of surveillance?
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detection
response communication |
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What is detection?
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observation of the population or collection analysis and interpretation of data from a population
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What is response?
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immediate response to disease outbreaks is considered part of surveillance
its goal is to decrease cost and decrease impart of disease |
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What is communication?
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produce and communicate timely accurate info about the health/disease status of the population
for outbreak response and disease control |
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What are the types of surveillance?
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animal
public heath biosurveillance |
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What is animal surveillance?
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Surveillance of diseases important to animals and people
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What is Public Health Surveillance?
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Surveillance of people for human disease
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What is Biosurveillance?
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surveillance for humans, animals and plant diseases that are affecting all or any
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What is passive surveillance?
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Most common type of surveillance
submission is initiated by and at the discretion of the sample/data provider There is little or no control over who provides samples pros: inexpensive, provide continuous surveillance or reportable disease cons: little control over who provides data, not representative of sample, wont work for less valued animals |
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What is active surveillance?
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involves the committed effort of the veterinary health authority to collect data or samples
pros: representative of population cons: expensive, labor intensive, not good for early detection, don't know where all farmers are |
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What is Sentinel Surveillance?
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a small group that is monitored as an indicator of the greater population health
pros: less expensive than monitoring whole population when one method is available cons: may not represent the population as a whole |
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What is Target Surveillance?
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targets a specific segments of the population to enhance detection of disease
pros: enhance efficiency and reduce cost Cons: man not be representative of whole population |
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How is surveillance used to help AF States to maintain their status and eradicate bovine TB?
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make bovine TB reportable by law
have net infrastructure that can conduct a TB eradication program Conduct surveillance to demonstrate the prevalence of TB is less that 2% with 95% confidence in cattle and bison Must use accredited vets for TB testing |
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What is the national notifiable disease surveillance system? (NNDSS)
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A list of diseases of humans that are reportable at the national level
Each state decides which diseases are reportable |