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96 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What graft must be obtained with a dermatome
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split-thickness mesh graft
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A Cavitron unit is used for
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phacoemulsification
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The power source for Hall power equipment is
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nitrogen
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A neurosurgical drill used for precision cutting, shaping, and repair of bone is the
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Air Drill 100
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In what surgery would a small fragment compression set be used
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olecranon fracture
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A permanent pacemaker operates on a pulse generator powered by
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lithium
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Three dermatomes are
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Reese, Padgett-Hood, and Brown
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Hypothermia is employed in cardiac surgery
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to reduce oxygen consumption
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The following are components of a cardiopulmonary bypass system
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oxygenator,heat exchanger, pump
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What movement in a power instrument drills holes orr inserts screws, wires or pins
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retary movement
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The power instrument which is small, light weight, free of vibration, and easy to handle for pinpoint accuracy at high speed is
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air powered
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The power source for the Air Drill 100 is
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compressed nitrogen
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The powere source for air-powered dermatomes is
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compressed nitrogen, or air
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Suction tubing should be processed in the following way
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residual of distilled water in lumen, steam sterilization, tubing coilded
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The suction tip which is right angled and is used for small amounts of fluid such as in brain surgery is
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Ferguson-Frazier
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The following steps can assist in the immediate determination of intraoperative blood loss
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visual inspection of blood in sponges, measurement of blood in sponges by weighing, and estimation of blood in suction container
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When using a cellsaver for autologous blood transfusion, the blood is suctioned through a double lumen tubing and is
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heparinized
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During orthopedic surgery the suction tubing should be
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cleared frequently
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What type of surgery would require several patent suction cannulas and suction often controlled by a foot pedal
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ear, nose and throat (ENT)
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When suctioning in neurosurgery, a precaution taken is to
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avoid applying vacuum directly on brain or neural tissue
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A tourniquet is utilized
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only when hemorrhage is not controlled by other methods
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The proper setting for a tourniquet applied to an arm is
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250 to 300 mm Hg
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Exsanguination of a limb prior to tourniquet inflation is accomplished by wrappin the elevated extremity with
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Esmarch
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The amount of pressure used to inflate a tourniquet depends on all of the following
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patient's age, size of extremity, and depth of surgical incision
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A regional block which utilizes the tourniquet is a
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Bier block
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The tourniquet is contraindicated if the
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patient's circulation to distal part of extremity is poor
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What action drains venous blood during tourniquet application
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eleate exremity before tightening tourniquet
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At what point should the surgeon be informed of the time of tourniquet application
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after 1 hour, then every 15 minutes
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When would the use of Esmarch be contraindicated
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patient has had recent injury, and patient has had recent cast
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What agent is used to inflate a pneumatic tourniquet
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nitrous oxide
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A precaution necessary when using a pneumatic tourniquet is
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solutions must be prevented from pooling under tourniquet
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In what procedure would a tourniquet be contraindicated
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gangrenous toe amputation
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A grounding pad is not required for the electrocautery in
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a bipolar unit
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The inactive electrode of the cautery is the
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ground pad
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The electrical circuit of the electrocautery is completed when
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currint flows to and from the generator to patient via the active electrode
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Why must the electrocautery tip be kept clean
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to ensure electrical contact effectiveness
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In electrosurgery, "buzzing" refers to
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coagulation of vessel via a metal instrument touching the active electrode
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Which elecrosurgical unit provides precise control of the coagulated area
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bipolar
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What condition is MOST acceptable when using electrocautery
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ground pad placed close to operative site
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The active electrode on the electrocautery is the
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tip
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The cautery would NOT be used
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in neck or nasopharynx surgery if netrous oxide is used
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Why are only moist sponges utilized during electrocautery use
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to prevent fire
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If the electrocautery is used through the colonoscope, carbon dioxide should be available to flush out the colon because
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gases normally in the colon could cause an explosion
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Fulguration is utilized primarily in ___________ surgery
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transurethral resection (TUR) and prostate operations
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When working in the bladder, why is more or higher electrical current necessary during cautery use
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more current is needed when working in solution
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Fulguration via the resectoscope is accomplished by the use of a(n) ____ tip
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electrode
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A direct visualization of the common bile duct is done by means of an
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choledochoscope
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The following are true of fiberoptic lighting
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light is conducted through a bundle of coated glass fibers, light is nonglaring, light is of high intensity
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Complications can occur during endoscopy, such as
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bleeding and perforation
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An endoscopy procedure which does not require a sterile set up is
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bronchoscopy
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The following are precautions when handling fiberoptic cables
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light cable should be dropped or swing free when carried, cables are coiled loosely no kinking, heavy items are not laid on cables
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Fiberoptic cable integrity is questionable when
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dark spots are evident
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When using a fiberoptic, burns and fires are prevented by
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cable is kept away from drapes when disconnected from endoscope, personnel should not lean on cable end which is disconnected but is still on, cable end is kept on a moist towel when disconnected from endoscope
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An economical, practical, and effective way to initially clean reusable channeled endoscopic instruments is when the
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Endoflush
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A sterilant that is used on endoscopes which is bactericidal, funicidal, and sporicidal in 20 to 30 minutes' processing time is
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peracetic acid
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What statement is true regarding a STERIS system for endoscope sterilization
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only one scope or a few instruments can be processed in a cycle
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The endoscope that provides a view of the middle of the thorax, between the two pleural sacs, is
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mediastinoscope
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Loupes are used for
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magnification
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Resolving power of an operating microscope means
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the ability to discern detail
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What item in the optical lens system is responsible for magnification
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oculars and objective lens
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The range of focal lengths of the objective lenses in the operating microscope is
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100 to 400 mm
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A continuously variable magnification system is afforded to the eye surgeon by the
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zoom lens with foot control
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The purpose of the "slit" lamp in eye surgery is
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defining depth perception
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The operating microscope that visually employs fiberoptics for its light source is
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coaxial illuminators
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Care of the microscope would include all of the following
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damp dust external surfaces with detergent-disinfectant before use, enclose in an antistatic plastic cover when not in use, clean casters before each use
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The purpose of the beam splitter in an operating microscope is to
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coincide the assistant's field of view with the surgeon's
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The colpomicroscope affords a view of the
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cervix
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The procedure employing the use of a self retaining laryngoscope and microscope is called a
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suspension microlaryngoscopy
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The binocular microscope provides stereoscopic vision. This refers to
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the view afforded by double eyepieces
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Which magnifying powers are available for the microscope eyepieces
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10x, 12.5x, 16x, and 20x
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What procedure is inappropriate when caring for optic lenses
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oil or fingerprints are removed by soaking in solvent for 10 minutes and drying with a cotton ball
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The OR bed ay have a metal crossbar between the two upper sections which may be raised to elevate the
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kidney and gallbladder
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What is also known as a an "airplane support"
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double armboard
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Operative accessibility in thyroid surgery may be aided by the use of
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a shoulder bridge
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In what position would shoulder braces be indicated
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extreme Trendelenburg
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A precaution necessary when using kidney rests is
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to press firmly but not too tightly against the body, to pad well, and to place the longer rest beeath the iliac crest
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Chest rolls (bolsters)
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facilitate respiration
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Bakelite orthopedic table attachments are sometimes used because
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they don't interfere with radiographic studies
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Sponges and towels used near the laser tissue impact site are kept wet in order to
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prevent ignition of these materials by reflected beam
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A laser plume is composed of
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carbonized particles, water, and odor
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When using lasers, nonreflective instrumentation
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decreases accidental direct reflection of the laser beam to another area
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What laser emission is primarily absorbed in tissue by hemoglobin or melanin
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argon
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The fire extinguisher of choice for a laser fire is
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Halon
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In a surgical procedure employing the use of the laser, prep solution on the patient's skin should be pat dried because
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pooled fluids can retain laser heat and subsequently burn tissue
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Laser surgery performed in the rectal area should be preceded by
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suctioning of lower bowel to remove methane gas
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Ebonization refers to
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coating of instruments to decrease reflectivity
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The use of each of the following items are measures employed to reduce laser induced injuries
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ebonized instruments, anodized instruments, and reflective drapes
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When utilizing the laser, occupational exposure to surgical smoke via the skin, eye, and mucous membranes is best minimized by the use of
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universal precautions
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What specialty would employ the use of a slit lamp and the laser
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ophthalmic
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The laser used primarily for port-wine stain lessons of the skin is the
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ruby
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People who are near the CO2 laser impact area can guard against corneal injuries by
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wearing amber-tinted lenses
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The following are measures used to control the effects of the laser plume
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smoke evacuators, suctions, high-filtration masks
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What endotracheal tube is contraindicated during laser surgery
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polyvinyl chloride (PVC) tube
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What item should be on the scrub person's instrument table while the laser is in use
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basin of sterile water or saline
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The laser used most commonly for retinal detachment, tear, or hole is
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argon
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The tunable dye laser used to disintegrate kidney stones is the
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Candela
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