Surgical Signs And Triads

Front 1

Allen's Test

Back 1

Test for patency of ulnar artery prior to arterial line?ABG.

occlude both arteries with patient's hand in fist. Open fist, release unlar artery and watch for colour change

Front 2

Ballance's Sign

Back 2

Splenic Rupture/Haematoma

Dullness to percussion in L flank while resonant in R

Front 3

Barrett's Oesophagus

Back 3

Columnar metaplasia of the distal oesophagus (GORD)

Front 4

Battle's Sign

Back 4

Basilar Skull Fracture

Ecchymosis over mastoid process

Front 5

Beck's Triad

Back 5

Cardiac Tamponade

JVP
Muffled HS
Low BP

Front 6

Boas' Sign

Back 6

Cholelithiasis (Gall Stones)

R Subscapular pain

Front 7

Carcinoid Triad

Back 7

Carcinoid Syndrome

Flushing
Diarrhoea
R HF

Front 8

Charcot's triad

Back 8

Cholangitis

Fever (chills)
Jaundice
RUQ pain

Front 9

Chvostek's Sign

Back 9

Hypocalcaemia

Twitching of the facial mm upon tapping the facial nerve

Front 10

Courvoisier's Law

Back 10

Ca of Head of Pancreas

Englarged nontender gallbladder with obstructed bile duct.

Front 11

Cullen's Sign

Back 11

Acute Haemorrhagic Pancreatitis

Periumbilical bluish discolouration due to retroperitoneal hemorrhage tracking round through fascial planes to anterior of abdomen

Front 12

Cushing's Triad

Back 12

Intracranial Pressure

Hypertension
Bradycardia
Irregular Respirations

Front 13

Dance's Sign

Back 13

Ileocecal intussusception

Empty RLQ in children

Front 14

Grey Turner's Sign

Back 14

Retroperitoneal Hemorrhage

Ecchymosis or discolouration of the flank in patients with retroperitoneal hemorrhage as a result of dissecting blood

Front 15

Hamman's sign

Back 15

Emphysematous mediastinum

Crunching sound on auscultation of the heart seen with Boerhaave's syndrome, pneumomediastinum

Front 16

Homan's Sign

Back 16

DVT

Calf pain on forced dorsiflexion

Front 17

Howship-Romberg Sign

Back 17

Obturator Nerve compression

Pain along inner aspect of the thigh in obturator hernia

Front 18

Kehr's Sign

Back 18

Splenic rupture

Severe Left Shoulder pain as a result of referred diaphragmatic irritation

Front 19

Krukenberg tumour

Back 19

Metestatic ovarian tumour, classicly from Gastric Ca

Front 20

Kelly's sign

Back 20

Visible peristalsis of the ureter in response to squeezing or retraction; used to identify it

Front 21

Laplace's Law

Back 21

Wall tension = pressure x radius

Perforates at caecum

Front 22

McBurney's Point

Back 22

1/3 along ASIS to Umbilicus

Front 23

McBurney's Sign

Back 23

Tenderness on plapation at McBurney's point

Front 24

Meckel's Diverticulum Rule of 2's

Back 24

2% have Meckel's Diverticulum
2% of those symptomatic
2 feet from ileocecal valve

Front 25

Mittelschmerz

Back 25

LQ pain due to ovulation

Front 26

Murphy's sign

Back 26

Acute Cholecystitis

Cessation of inspiration while palpating the R costal margin

Front 27

Obturator Sign

Back 27

Pelvic abscess / Appendicitis

Pain upon internal rotation of leg

Front 28

Psoas Sign

Back 28

Appendicitis / Psoas inflammation

extending hip with knee fully extended.

Front 29

Triad of symptoms with Pheochromocytoma

Back 29

PHE

Palpitations
Headache
Episodic diaphoresis

Front 30

10s rule of Pheochromocytomas

Back 30

10% bilateral
10% malignant
10% in children
10% extra-adrenal
10% multiple tumours

Front 31

Raccoon eyes

Back 31

Bilateral black eyes as a result of basilar skull fracture

Front 32

Reynold's Pentad

Back 32

Suppurative Cholangitis

Fever
Jaundice
RUQ Pain
Mental Status Change
Shock/Sepsis

Front 33

Rovsig's Sign

Back 33

Appendicitis

Palpation of LLQ produces pain in RLQ

Front 34

Virchow's Triad

Back 34

Risk factors for thrombosis

Stasis
Abnormal epithelium
Hypercoaguability

Front 35

Trousseau's Sign

Back 35

Carpal spasm after blood pressure cuff in patients with hypocalcaemia