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107 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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The English surgeon who began the age of chemical control of the atmosphere was?
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Lister
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Passage of fluid through a cell membrane is called what?
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osmosis
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Oxygen-dependent bacteria are said to be what?
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aerobic
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The destruction of bacteria by white cells during the inflammatory process is called what?
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phagocytosis
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Bacteriostatic means what?
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to inhibit the growth of microorganisms
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Staphylococcus aureus would most likely be transmitted by what?
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nose and mouth
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Microbial death occurs when an organism is what?
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no longer capable of reproduction
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What immune protection is available to the fetus?
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natural passive
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The clinical syndrome characterized by microbial invasion of the bloodstream is what?
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septicemia
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A toxoid is what?
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an inactivated toxin
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Inflammatory exudate that is thick and yellow is termed what?
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suppurative
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The body's first line of defense against the invasion of pathogens is what?
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skin and mucous membrane linings
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Rodlike shaped bacteria are identified microscopically as what?
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bacilli
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A procedure used to remove damaged tissue that provides growth conditions for pathogens is called what?
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debridement
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Herpes simplex is commonly called what?
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cold sores
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Clostridium tetani causes what?
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lockjaw
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A laboratory procedure useful in classifying bacteria using a staining procedure is called?
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Gram stain
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A fulminating infection arising from necrotic tissue and spreading rapidly is what?
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gas gangrene
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Which bacteria is commonly found in soil?
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Clostridium tetani
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The bacteria that causes rheumatic fever is called?
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Streptococcus
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A severe allergic reaction possibly resulting in death is called what?
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anaphylactic shock
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What organism is responsible for a boil?
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Staphylococcus aureus
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The organism most frequently found in burns is what?
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Pseudomonas aeruginosa
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A bacterial pathogen most frequently invading damaged skin is called?
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Staphylococcus aureus
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Which type of wound would favor the development of gas gangrene?
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necrotic
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Gas gangrene is caused by what bacteria?
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Clostridium perfringens
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The bacteria highly resistant to sterilization and disinfection is what?
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spores
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A bacteria found in the intestinal tract is what?
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Escherichia coli
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The burn classification that is characterized by a dry, pearly white, or charred appearing surface is what?
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third
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OSHA is a governmental regulating agency whose aim is to what?
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execute requirements designed to prevent transmission of blood-borne pathogens in the work environment
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Inflammation is characterized by pain, redness, heat, swelling, and lose of function. The redness can be attributed to what?
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vasodilation bringing more blood to the area
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Removal of contaminated debris from a wound is called what?
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debridement
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The space cause by separation of wound edges is called what?
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dead space
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If tissue is approximated too tightly it can cause what?
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ischemia
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Tensile strength of a wound refers to what?
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ability of the tissue to resist rupture
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The substance that unites with thrombin to form fibrin, the basic structural material of blood clots, is called what?
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fibrinogen
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A cicatrix is what?
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a scar
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Keloids are what?
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a raised, thickened scar
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A wound that is infected or one in which there is excessive loss of tissue heals by what?
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secondary intention
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Should needles ever be recapped?
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nope
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The type of wound healing that requires debridement is which one?
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third
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To promote healing, a surgical wound must not have what?
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sutures that are too tight
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Wound healing that employs a technique allowing the wound to heal from the bottom up is called what?
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second intention
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Which body fluid is least likely to spread HIV?
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saliva
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A band of scar tissue that binds together two anatomical surfaces that are normally separate from each other is called what?
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adhesion
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A drug that interferes with the blood clotting mechanism is what?
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heparin
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An mg is a measurement of what?
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weight
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The solutions used intravenously to replace plasma when plasma is not available is what?
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Dextran
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An inch equals how many cm?
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2.45
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How many milliliters are in one ounce?
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10
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One gram equals how many mg?
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1000
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A drug used to increase blood pressure is what?
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epinephrine
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The action of an anticholinergic drug is to reduce what?
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secretions
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The total volume of a 30-cc syringe is how many ounces?
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one
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Naloxone (Narcan) is an example of a/an what?
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narcotic antagonist
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Avitene is what?
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hemostatic
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An absorbable gelatin hemostatic agent that is often soaked in thrombin or epinephrine solution is called?
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gelfoam
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Which agent can be applied without having on dry gloves or instruments?
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gelfoam
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An anticoagulant given subcutaneously, intravenously, or as a flush is what?
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heparin
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A drug that decreases the tendency of blood platelets to clot is what?
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warfarin sodium
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An antibiotic used intraoperatively is what?
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Gentamicin
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A topical antibiotic is?
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Bacitracin
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Which item is used on cut edges of bone to seal off oozing of blood?
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bone wax
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The most common diuretic is what?
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Lasix
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An osmotic diuretic agent used to decrease cerebral edema and intraocular edema is called what?
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mannitol
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A systematic agent used to control hemorrhage is what?
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pitocin
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Steroids are used for what?
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reduction of tissue inflammation and swelling
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Solu-Medrol is a(n) what?
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anti-inflammatory
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Tubal patency may be tested by the installation of __________ into the uterine cavity?
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methylene blue
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A mydriatic drug, Neo-Synephrine, is used to do what?
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dilate the pupil
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Immobility of the eye, along with lowered intra-ocular pressure is facilitated by the use of what?
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Retrobulbar block
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Miochol is a(n) what?
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miotic
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An agent that keeps the cornea moist during surgery and is used for irrigation as well is what?
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BSS
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An artificial plasma-volume expander is what?
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dextran
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An anticoagulant used in vascular surgery is what?
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heparin
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Heparin effects are reversed by what?
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protamine sulfate
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The universal donor blood that may be given in extreme emergencies until the patient can by typed and crossmatched is what?
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O
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Normal saline is used for laparotomy pack moistening and for intraperitoneal irrigation because it is what?
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isotonic
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What restores and maintains blood pressure?
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Levophed
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A drug used to treat metabolic acidosis is what?
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sodium bicarbonate
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The last sensation to leave the patient during general anesthesia induction is what?
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hearing
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An ultrashort acting drug useful during intubation to produce paralysis and also to produce muscle relaxation when used in a dilute solution is what?
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Anectine
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Neuroleptoanalgesia combines what?
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a tranquilizer and narcotic
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A sedative-tranquilizer used to reduce anxiety and apprehension of the pre-op patient and as an adjunct to general anesthesia to reduce the amount and concentration of other agents is what?
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Valium
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An antimuscarinic does what
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limits salivation
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Anesthesia given in a combination of several agents to obtain optimum results is called what?
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balanced anesthesia
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A bolus is a what?
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dose injected all at once, intravenously
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A drug to soothe and relieve anxiety is a what?
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sedative
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A Bier block provides what?
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anesthesia to a distal portion of an extremity
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Which inhalation agent is used for short procedures requiring no muscle relaxation?
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nitrous oxide
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The most frequently used barbiturate for intravenous anesthesia is what?
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pentothal
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Halothane is also called what?
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Fluothane
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A method of anesthesia in which medication is injected into the subarachnoid space, affecting a portion of the spinal cord, is called a what?
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spinal block
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The indication for an epidural would be what?
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anorectal, vaginal, perineal, and obstetric surgeries
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Compazine is a what?
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an antiemetic
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Pontocaine is what?
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tetracaine HCI
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Which technique can be employed to prevent pain during an operative procedure or to relieve chronic pain?
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nerve block
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The most widely used local anesthetic is what?
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lidocaine
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Another name for adrenalin is what?
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epinephrine
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A vasoconstrictor that, when added to a local anesthetic agent, extends its life is what?
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epinephrine
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The purpose of an LMA is what?
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to establish and maintain a patent airway
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A drug used to reverse hypotension is what?
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Levophed
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Blood or fluid can be quickly delivered to a patient via what?
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rapid infusion pump
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Blood oxygenation can be monitored during surgery by means of a(n) what?
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pulse oximeter
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A drug that could be used to reverse the effect of muscle relaxants is what?
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Prostigmin
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Arterial blood gases (ABGs) are commonly obtained by accessing the what?
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radial artery
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Which piece of equipment is of extreme importance when anesthesia induction begins?
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suction
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