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9 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What can cause hypotension?
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Hypovolemia (iatrogenic, hemorrhage), MI, cardiac dysrhythmia, hypoxia, false reading (e.g., wrong cuff/arterial line twist or clot), pneumothorax, PE, cardiac tamponade, medications (e.g., morphine)
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How do you act in a ward emergency?
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A, B, C's, examine, recheck BP, IV access, labs (e.g., HCT), EKG, pulse ox/vital signs monitoring, CXR, supplemental oxygen, check medications/history
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What are the common causes of postoperative hypertension?
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Pain (from catecholamine release), anxiety, hypercapnia, hypoxia (which may also cause hypotension), preexisting condition, bladder distention
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What can cause hypoxia/shortness of breath?
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Atelectasis, pneumonia, mucous plug, pneumothorax, PE, MI/dysrhythmia, venous blood in ABG syringe, SAT% machine malfunction/probe malposition, iatrogenic (wrong ventilator settings), severe anemia/hypovolemia, low cardiac output, CHF, ARDS, fluid overload
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What can cause mental status change?
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Hypoxia until ruled out, hypotension (e.g., cardiogenic shock), hypovolemia, iatrogenic (narcotics/benzodiazepines), drug reaction, alcohol withdrawal, drug withdrawal, seizure, ICU psychosis, stroke, sepsis, metabolic derangements, intracranial bleeding, urinary retention in the elderly
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What are the signs of alcohol withdrawal?
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Confusion, tachycardia/autonomic instability, seizure, hallucinations
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What are the causes of tachycardia?
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Hypovolemia/third-spacing, pain, alcohol withdrawal, anxiety/agitation, urinary retention, cardiac dysrhythmia (e.g., sinoventricular tachycardia, atrial fibrillation with rapid rate), MI, PE, β-blocker withdrawal
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What are the causes of decreased urine output?
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Hypovolemia, urinary retention, Foley catheter malfunction, cardiac failure, MI, acute tubular necrosis (ATN), ureteral/urethral injury, abdominal compartment syndrome
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How do you act initially in a case of decreased urine output?
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A, B, C's, examine, vital signs, check or place Foley catheter, irrigate Foley catheter, fluid bolus
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