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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Anatomical position |
the person stands with the legs together and the feet flat on the floor, the hands are at the sides, and the palms face forward |
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Anatomical directions |
are used to describe the relative positions of various organs. These directions come in opposing pairs |
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Anterior (ventral) vs. Posterior (dorsal) |
anterior or ventral refers to the front of the body; posterior or dorsal referee to the back of the body |
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Cranial (cephalic) vs. Caudal |
cranial or cephalic is toward the head; caudal is toward the tailbone (coccyx).
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Superior vs. Inferior |
superior is towards the head; inferior is toward the feet.
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Medial vs. Lateral
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medial is toward the midline of the body; lateral is away from the midline of the body.
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Proximal vs. Distal
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Proximal is toward the attached base: distal is away from the detached base
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Superficial vs. Deep |
superficial is toward the body surface; deep is toward the interior of the body.
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Sectional Anatomy
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Sectional anatomy divides the three dimensional structure or body into cut sections that reveal the internal positions of structures and organs. There are THREE PLANES |
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Frontal or Coronal Plane |
is parallel to the longitudinal axis of the body and divides the body into anterior and posters sections |
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Sagittal Plane
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is also parallel to the longitudinal axis of the body that divides the body into right and left sections. |
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Subcategories of the Sagittal Plane: Midsagittal Plane---> |
that divides the body along the midline into equal rights and left parts
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Parasagittal plane |
that divides the body parallel to the midsagittal plane but in unequal right and left sections
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Transverse plane |
is at a right angle to the long axis of the body and divides the body into superior and inferior sections. The sections are called transverse sections or CROSS SECTIONS |
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Ventral Body Cavity |
Many vital organs are suspended in the VENTRAL BODY CAVITY or COELOM. This cavity contains the organs of the:
respiratory cardiovascular digestive urinary and reproductive systems. |
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The ventral body cavity is divided by a muscular sheet called.... |
the diaphragm, into a superior and thoracic cavity and an inferior abdominopelvic cavity.
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The organs that project into these cavities are called.... |
VISCERA (sing. viscus (organ in Latin)).
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Thoracic Cavity is divided into left and right...
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pleural cavities by the mediastinum. |
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Pleural cavity contains.... |
the lungs and is lined by serous membranes called pleurae (sing. pleura (rib in Greek)). |
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Mediastinum (middle wall in Latin) consists of.... |
all the organs between the pleural cavities including the lower parts of the esophagus and trachea, thymus, the major blood vessels leaving the heart and the pericardial cavity. |
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Pericardial cavity contains.... |
contains the heart and is lined by a serous membrane called the pericardium. |
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The abdominopelvic cavity contains... |
a peritoneal cavity that is lined by a serous membrane called the peritoneum. The abdominopelvic cavity can be divided into a superior abdominal cavity and an inferior pelvic cavity. |
