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124 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
succeeded Lincoln
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Andrew Johnson
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abolished slavery
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13th amendment
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organization to help freed slaves and poor whites with food, clothes, job-training, education, medical help
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freedmen's bureau
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act gave blacks citizenshiiip and forbade states from passing discriminatory laws
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Civil rights bill
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1866, Republican leader
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Thaddeus Stevens
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made blacks citizens, gave equaal protection under law and states would not deny life, liberty or property
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14th amendment
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stated presidents could not remove cabinet officers they didn't appoint without 2/3 of senate approval
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tenure of office act
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secretary of war that Andrew Johnson fired
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edwin stanton
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stated no one can be kept from voting because of race, color or having been a slave
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15th amendement
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farmland rented and owner provided nothing for farmers
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tenant farming
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secret society was formed in tennessee in 1866
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Ku Klux Klan
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formed KKK
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Nathan Bedford Forest
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white southerners who joined republican party and supported industrialization in the south
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scalawags
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northerners who moved to the south to take advantage of poor economic conditions or to help the newly freed slaves
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carpetbaggers
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act allowed the president to declare martial law inthe south whereever KKK was active
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force acts of 1870-71
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refers to the internal revnue collects who defrauded the federal gov. out of whiskey taxes
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whiskey ring
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established segregation on/in public facilities
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jim crow laws
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series of laws that restricted the rights of blacks
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black codes
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16th president, known for Civil War, emancipation proclamation, homestead act, assasination
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abraham lincoln
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secret organization of white men in the reconstruction period, organized in New Orleans
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Knights of the White Cammellia
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returned the right to vote and the right to hold fed and state offices to former confeds
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amnesty act
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1876 (Democrat) governor of NY, won the popular vote but lost his presidency
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samuel J. tilden
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upheld law stating segregated by equal constitutional
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plessy vs. ferguson
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selected griends of grants used their power for their own benefits, credit mobilier, whiskey ring, belknap accepted bribes
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Grant's corruption
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Feb. 24th 1868 impeached for Tenure of Office Act
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Johnson's impeachement
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ohio congressman (R) who won 1880 election
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James A. Garfield
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ran against Garfield as Democrat 1880
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Winfield Scott Hancock
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assassinated Garfield on July 2nd, 1881
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Charles Guiteau
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created civil service commission in 1883, supposed to create exams and administer them instead of spoils
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Pendleton Act
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democratic governor of NY who won 1884 and 1892 elections
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Grover Cleveland
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cabinet position created in 1889
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Secretary of Agriculture
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defeated Cleveland in the election of 1888
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Benjamin Harrison
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populist candidate that ran in 1888
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James B. Weaver
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republican, won 1896 elections
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William McKinley
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known as Front Porch Campaigner, backed by marcus Hanna's machine
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William McKinley
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democrat 1896, religious "Cross of Gold"
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William J. Bryan
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Pasted 2- 4 million dollars of silver to money, supposed to drive prices in order to help farmers
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1878 Bland-Allison Act
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favored bimettalism and wanted more money to be accessible to the farmer
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Free Silverities
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favored gold standard because it was stable
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Gold Bugs
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hurt farmers and was very unpopular
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McKinley Tariff Act of 1890
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dropped the rate of tariffs of many things by less than 2%
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Tariff of 1883
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bought or drove out competition; used integration operation to become successful
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Andrew Carnegie
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What did Andrew Carnegie's company make?
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Steel
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book Andrew Carnegie wrote in 1901 that said that the wealthy have power and responsibility to fix social problems
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Gospel of Wealth
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1882; idea to control all areas of production helped him become wealthy
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John D. Rockefeller
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What did Rockefeller make?
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Oil, Standard Oil Trust
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men like Carnegie and Rockefeller who controlled monopolies were called...
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Robber Barons of captains of industry
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trust or other combinations of businesses that restricted trade were illegal
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1890 Sherman Anti-Trust Act
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philosopher, thought of idea of social darwinism
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Herbert Spencer
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felt that society should use government to control economy and big business
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Lester Frank Ward
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developed first sleeper car, which was named after him
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George Pullman
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owners of uniion pacific RR started own construction company and gave themselves the contract to build their RR, made millions in illegal profits that was shared by congressmen
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Credit Mobilier
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he founded social organization for farm families but became a way to express grievances
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Oliver Kelly and the Grange
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1877 court case; Granger laws found to be constitutional
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Munn vs. Illinois
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1887 overturned Munn vs. Illinois because only fed. government has power to regulate interstate commerce
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Wabashe case
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created to regulate railroads and created the interstate commerce commission
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Interstate Commerce Act
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regulates carriers engaged in transportation between states
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Interstate Commerce Commission
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father of the skyscraper
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Lewis Sullivan
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author of "How the other half lives"
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Jacob Riis
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took pictures of tenement living to show plight of the poor immigrant population
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how the other half lives
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american capitalist, helped get McKinley elected, financial boss
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Marcus Hanna
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New York City Tweed Ring boss, controlled city democratic party
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Boss Tweed
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drew for the Harper's Weekly and Time and made Booss Tweed an international joke
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Thomas Nast
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enacted quotas aimed at Southeastern Europeans, only 2% of population allowed into the US
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Imigration aact of 1924
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agreeement between US and Japan, restricted Japaneses immigration to only those who had already been tot he US or had relatives in the US
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Gentlemen's Agreement 1907-108
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1880's called for use of literacy tests for immigrants, must be able to read. write 40 words
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Imigration Restriction League
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a 10 year suspension of Chinese imigration, 1st fed. law ending entry for idea of endangered good of others
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Chinese Exclusion Act
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democratic political organization in NYC, associated in late 1800s and early 1900s with corruption and abuse of power
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Tammany Hall
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american social worker who founded Hull House , 1st social settlement served as community center
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Jane Addams
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US clergy man and social reformer
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Walter Rauschenbusch
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international organization for philanthropic work
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Salvation Army
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union founded by william sylvis and advocated 8 hour workday
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national labor union
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agreement not to join a labor union
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yellow-dog contract
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list exchanged among employers with people's names to be barred from employment because of many reasons
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blacklists
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members of privileged, established white upper middle class in teh US
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WASPS
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1886 violent riot that started as a demonstration for an 8 hour workday
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Haymarket Affair
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suggested use of politics to solve problems instead of strikes
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Uriah Stephens
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labor union suggested use of politics to solve problems
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Knights of Labor
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Samuel Gompers founded labor union
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American Federation of Labor
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founded American Federation of Labor
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Samuel Gompers
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organizations formed together with the unions, focused on collective bargaining
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American Federation of Labor
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American Railway Union; radical socialist that had the first attempt at industrial unionism
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Eugene V. Debs
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association organized in Chicago for making a big railway trade-union
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American Railway Union
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founder of Industrial Workers of the World (Wobblies)
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"Big Bill" Haywood
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US socialogist, secretary of Labor
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Frances Perkins
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light bulb and electric motors
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Thomas Edison
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Philadelphia Centennial Exposition
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Alexander Graham Bell
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phone
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Alexander Graham Bell
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typewriter
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Christopher Sholes
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coal refining and manufacturing techniques
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William Kelly and Henry Bessemer
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oil drilling- producred first oil well in the US
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Edwin Drake
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a leader of woman's suffrage, started women's rights convention in Seneca Falls
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Elizabeth Cady Stanton
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social reformer, writer, first president of the New England Woman Suffrage Association
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Julia Ward Howe
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one of the most improtant workers for suffrage, first woman to keep her own name after marriage
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Lucy stone
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American Journalist, tried to reconcile NOrth and South
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"New South" Henry Grady
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Tuskegee Institute - founder and principal of Tuskegee, taught specific trades
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Booker T. Washington
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The Souls of Black Folks - cofounder of NAACP
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W.E.B Du Bois
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National Association for the Advancement of Colored People
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NAACP
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selected friends of grants used their power for their own benefits, credit mobilier, whiskey ring, belknap accepted bribes
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Grant's Corruption
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worst factory fire, owners had locked the doors and fire began and they couldn't escape
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Triangle Shirtwaist Fire
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group that believed confed states seceded from union, confed territory of U.S. under jurisdiction of congress
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radical republicans
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most famous speech by Henry Grady
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"The New South"
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1876 (Republican), won disputed election known as "his fraudulency"
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Rutherford B. Hayes
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revived the knights of Labor, 1879
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Terence Powderly
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plantation divided land among several workers and workers give owner 2/3 of crops
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sharecropping
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what General Sherman had promised freed slaves, background for why former slaves were given land
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40 acres and a mule
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controlled New York City party by buying votes and defrauding city
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Tweed Ring, NY
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1863 granted pardons to all confeds who swear oath to union and obey laws
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Proclamation of Amnesty and Reconstruction
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created by Susan B. Anthony and Elizabeth Cady Stanton, goal of securing women's suffrage
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National Women Suffrage Association
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called for more equal distribution of wealth based on single tax system
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Henry George
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Garfield's vice president
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Chester A. Arthur
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1864 Radical plan with congress; job of reconstruction state majority of people on voters must swear oath in order to send representatives to congress
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Wade-Davis Bill
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Democrat running for office in 1868, lost to Grant
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Horatio Seymour
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ideas of survival of the fittest applied to the business world
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Social Darwinism
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passed 4.5 million dollars worth of silver to improve economic conditions
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1890 Sherman Silver Purchase Act
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worker who refused to join a labor union, or participate in a union strike, who takes the striking workers place on the job
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scabs
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Lincoln's Administration; Railroads over 20 million acres and $60 million
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Pacific Railway Act
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secretary of war, accepted bribes from merchants in the indian territory who wanted special concessions
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William Belknap
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National Labor Union; founded 8 hour workday
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William Sylvis
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lowered duties by 10%; called for income tax of 2% over $4000; declared unconstitutional (1895)
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Wilson-Gorman Tariff of 1894
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divided south into 5 military districts, civilian courts replaced with military tribunals
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First Reconstruction Act
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labor union by the workers in the garment industry
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International Ladies Garment Union
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most violent strikes, occurred when Carnegie Steel announced pay cuts
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Homestead Strike (1892)
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won election of 1868 by beating Horatio Seymour (Democrat)
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Ulysses S. Grant
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