Study Guide Final Exam Phlebotomy 1222

Front 1

Capillary blood gases are less desirable than arterial blood gases (ABGs) for what following 3 reasons?

Back 1

skin puncture blood is only partial arterial
skin puncture blood contains tissue fluid
the blood is exposed to air during collection

Front 2

The Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) recommends the maximum depth of a heel puncture is?

Back 2

2.0 mm

Front 3

EDTA specimens are obtained before other specimens when collected by skin puncture, why?

Back 3

to minimize platelet clumping

Front 4

What is the safest area for an infant heel puncture?

Back 4

lateral planter heel surface

Front 5

What is the purpose of wiping away the first drop of blood during skin puncture

Back 5

to eliminate tissue fluid contamination

Front 6

A capillary puncture should be done rather than a venipuncture except in what following situation?

Back 6

Patient who is dehydrated or has poor ciruclation
when the blue top tube is needed

Front 7

A purple top microcollection container would be used to collect a specimen for what test?

Back 7

CBC

Front 8

A hereditary inability to metabolize phenylalanine is called?

Back 8

Phenylketonuria

Front 9

The purpose of warming the site before skin puncture is to?

Back 9

It increases the blood flow up to 7 times

Front 10

To make a thick blood smear you should take a large drop of blood and spread it to the size of a ____________.

Back 10

dime

Front 11

Fluid that comes from between tissue cells is known as _____________ __________.

Back 11

interstitial fluid

Front 12

A capillary puncture site should not appear ____________.

Back 12

cyanotic,

Front 13

A good blood smear should exhibit a ______________ edge.

Back 13

feathered

Front 14

Capillary bilirubin specimens should be protected from ____________.

Back 14

Light

Front 15

A microhematocrite tube is NOT primarily used for what type of specimen?

Back 15

Blood Culture

Front 16

If a baby has a huge, fleshy big toe, is it acceptable to collect a bilirubin specimen from it?

Back 16

No

Front 17

A patient who has just awakened at 0600 after fasting all night is an instance that most closely resembles a________________ ____________.

Back 17

basal state

Front 18

When you are ordered to draw a protime specimen from a patient with an IV in both arms, where is it best to draw the specimen?

Back 18

distal to the site

Front 19

It is not a good idea to collect a CBC specimen from a screaming infant because?

Back 19

it increases the wbc

Front 20

Prolonged tourniquet application may cause a change in blood composition primarily because of?

Back 20

hemoconcentration

Front 21

A ____________ ___________ is a vascular access device that is placed in a peripheral vein for the purpose of blood collection and administration of medication.

Back 21

heparin lock or saline lock

Front 22

If a phlebotomist has attempted twice to draw a partial thromboplastin time (PTT) specimen from a patient with difficult veins, and both times has been able to draw only a partial tube what should they do?

Back 22

get someone else to try

Front 23

Levels of Cortisol (an analyte) can differ by _____ % or more between morning and late afternoon.

Back 23

50

Front 24

If blood pulses in to the tube this is an instance in which may lead you to suspect that you have accidentally punctured an _____________.

Back 24

artery

Front 25

If blood is drawn too quickly from a small vein, the vein will have a tendency to ______________.

Back 25

collapse

Front 26

A fistula is a permanent fusion of an __________ and a _____________.

Back 26

artery and a vein

Front 27

A clue that the patient was not fasting for a test that requires a fasting specimen is that the serum would appear ______________.

Back 27

lipemic

Front 28

Removing blood on a regular basis or in large amounts can lead to _______________ anemia.

Back 28

Iatrogenic

Front 29

Obstruction or complete stoppage of lymph flow is called ___________________.

Back 29

lymphostasis

Front 30

A condition in which blood components that cannot easily leave the blood stream become concentrated in the smaller plasma volume is known as ___________________.

Back 30

hemoconcentration

Front 31

If blood is filling the tube very slowly and a hematoma is beginning to form, the needle may not be?

Back 31

all the way in the vein

Front 32

Blood cultures are a test that requires strict _____________ procedures before specimen collection.

Back 32

skin antisepsis

Front 33

Documentation is carefully maintained from proctor to courier, what kind of test does not agree with NIDA patient collection requirements.

Back 33

Urine drug screen

Front 34

What type of additive is recommended for collecting an ethanol test specimen?

Back 34

sodium fluoride

Front 35

When should timing begin when performing a GTT?

Back 35

as soon as the patient finishes the drink

Front 36

What test is used to monitor heparin therapy?

Back 36

ACT

Front 37

At what intervals is blood blotted during a bleeding time test?

Back 37

30 second

Front 38

To prevent introducing a contaminating substance into a trace-element collection tube, it is suggested that the phlebotomist do what?

Back 38

draw it by itself

Front 39

All POC glucose analyzers approved for hospital use have 3 things in common, list them.

Back 39

sample types used may be venous, arterial or capillary
they allow data for the glucose meter to be downloaded to data management program
they require QC, and patients or authorized operator id number

Front 40

When collecting a blood culture specimen directly from a butterfly into blood culture bottles, the _________ should be collected first.

Back 40

aerobic

Front 41

A _______ _______ is a test that may require special “chain of custody” documentation when collected.

Back 41

drug screen

Front 42

A condition called __________________ is when a unit of blood is withdrawn from a patient as treatment.

Back 42

hemochromatosis

Front 43

A _______________color topped tube can be used to collect blood for a type and crossmatch.

Back 43

Pink

Front 44

A _______________ is the test that requires a specimen with a 9:1 ratio of blood to anticoagulant.

Back 44

PT

Front 45

Tests that can be performed using special POCT instruments or test kits include (1) ___________________ (2)_________________ (3) __________________ _________.

Back 45

INR,ACT,APT,Platelet Function

Front 46

TDM is used by physicians to determine what?

Back 46

DRUG DOSAGE

Front 47

Everyone who performs POCT in a clinical setting must meet the requirements of the _________ for testing and the guidelines of the ______________ for specimen handling.

Back 47

CLIA, OSHA

Front 48

What type of curve will a patient who is lactose intolerant have after ingesting a dose of lactose?

Back 48

GLUCOSE

Front 49

A patient who is suspected of having lead poisoning should have his or her lead test specimen drawn in _____________ tube. What color?

Back 49

TRACE ELEMENT FREE, ROYAL BLUE

Front 50

In what instance would a specimen still most likely be accepted for testing despite this problem?

Back 50

MISSING PHLEBOTOMIST INTIALS

Front 51

_________ is permanent computer memory that instructs the computer to carry out user-requested operations.

Back 51

ROM

Front 52

Applications software called _______________ accepts data downloaded from POC instruments.

Back 52

MIDDLEWARE

Front 53

Inadequate centrifugation is an example of a ________________ error happening during specimen processing.

Back 53

PREANALYTICAL

Front 54

_____________ is emerging in healthcare as a method of specimen identification.

Back 54

Barcode

Front 55

Give an example that has nothing to do with maintaining the sterility of the sample.

Back 55

LABELING SPECIMEN

Front 56

Would misreporting a patient’s results be considered a preanalytical error?

Back 56

No

Front 57

A _________________ ____________________ is an example or source of preanalytical error that occurs before specimen collection.

Back 57

age of patient
dehydrated patient

Front 58

An ___________________ specimen needs to be chilled.

Back 58

Ammonia

Front 59

The ____________ is the organization that develops standards for specimen handling and processing.

Back 59

CLSI

Front 60

According to CLSI _______ hours from the time of collection is the maximum time limit for separating serum or plasma from cells.

Back 60

1 HOUR

Front 61

What 2 specimens are the least likely to require special handling?

Back 61

Cholesterol, Uric Acid

Front 62

If collection was difficult, ________________ red cells is a circumstance that is least likely to result in delayed clotting of a serum sample.

Back 62

Hemolized

Front 63

Calcium in a ___________ topped tube is a specimen that can be centrifuged immediately upon arrival in specimen processing.

Back 63

GREEN

Front 64

Carefully pouring the contents into the aliquot tube represents what?

Back 64

IMPROPER ALIQUOT PREPARATION

Front 65

The handling of a specimen before it is actually tested is part of the _____________ phase.

Back 65

FIRST PHASE

Front 66

What is the recommended procedure for collecting a 24-hour urine sample?

Back 66

between 6am- 8am disgaurding first urine

Front 67

What type of fluid is obtained by lumbar puncture?

Back 67

cerebral spinal fluid

Front 68

In addition to biohazard warnings, what additional information is typically required when handling a nonblood specimen?

Back 68

specimen type
source

Front 69

____________ analysis is the test that involves intravenous administration of histamine or pentagastrin.

Back 69

gastric

Front 70

The sweat test is used to diagnose ___________________.

Back 70

cystic fibrosis

Front 71

If you are testing for Ova and parasites what type of sample would be unsuitable for this test?

Back 71

blood

Front 72

A urine, C&S is typically ordered to detect the presence of a ____________.

Back 72

urinary tract infection

Front 73

An NP swab is collected to detect the presence of organisms that causes __________________.

Back 73

whooping cough

Front 74

The first morning specimen is preferred for hCG testing because it is what?

Back 74

highest HCG concentration

Front 75

Sputum samples are typically collected to diagnose ________________.

Back 75

tuberculosis

Front 76

_________________ is the type of collection that involves the aspiration of urine directly through the wall of the bladder using a sterile needle and syringe.

Back 76

suprapubic

Front 77

A urine specimen collected directly from the bladder through a tube in the urethra is called _______________________.

Back 77

catheterized

Front 78

Fluid found around the heart is what type of fluid?

Back 78

pericardial fluid

Front 79

Mucus or phlegm from the lungs is called ___________________.

Back 79

sputum

Front 80

Inserting a needle between the 2nd and 3rd lumbar vertebrae to collect fluid from the spinal cavity is a ___________________.

Back 80

lumbar puncture

Front 81

Cellular components in urine are NOT well preserved and do require what?

Back 81

refrigeration

Front 82

A breath sample can be analyzed to detect ________________ in the stomach.

Back 82

helicobacter pylori

Front 83

_____________ is the fluid that is aspirated from the peritoneal cavity.

Back 83

serous fluid

Front 84

The ______________ artery is typically the easiest to access during low cardiac output.

Back 84

femoral

Front 85

When performing the Allen test the ______________artery is released first.

Back 85

ulnar

Front 86

List the 3 things that happen when an ABG specimen is left at room temperature for a prolonged period of time.

Back 86

blood cells continue to consume oxygen
continued metabolism produces acids
levels of carbon dioxide increase

Front 87

An ______________________ is the most common arterial puncture complication even when proper technique is used.

Back 87

ateriospasm

Front 88

To maintain the integrity of an ABG specimen collected in a plastic syringe, it should be analyzed within ______ minutes.

Back 88

30 minutes

Front 89

PaO2 is the abbreviation that represents a test that is typically part of an _________ evaluation.

Back 89

ABG

Front 90

Why is Heparin used in an ABG specimen collection

Back 90

to help prevent clotting

Front 91

A __________ _______________ for ABG specimen collection is a patient who has been asleep for 30 minutes while breathing room air.

Back 91

steady state

Front 92

The best way to tell if a specimen is arterial as the specimen is being collected, is?

Back 92

pulsating in the tube

Front 93

_________ ____________ is the proper cleaning solution for preparing an arterial puncture site.

Back 93

Isopropyl alcohol

Front 94

The measure of the acidity or alkalinity of a patient’s blood is known as the _________.

Back 94

PH

Front 95

The most common local anesthetic used to ease a patient during an ABG procedure is _________________.

Back 95

Lidocaine

Front 96

An ABG specimen can clot if there is inadequate or delayed ________ of the specimen.

Back 96

mixing

Front 97

When an area is supplied with blood from more than one artery there is ___________ circulation.

Back 97

collateral

Front 98

Does the composition of venous blood vary relative to the metabolic needs of the areas of the body it serves?

Back 98

yes

Front 99

What additive are ABG syringes usually pretreated with to prevent clotting?

Back 99

heparin

Front 100

According to the CLSI recommended order of draw the lavender tube is drawn when?

Back 100

Last