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32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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precordium |
the area on the anterior chest directly overlying the heart and great vessels |
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great vessels |
major arteries or veins connected to the heart |
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mediastium |
middle of thoracic cage |
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the heart extends from the |
2nd to 5th intercostal space and from the right border of the sternum to the left midclavicular line |
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right side of the heart is |
anterior inside of the body |
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left side is |
mostly posterior |
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the right atrium lies |
to the right and above the right ventricle and forms the right border |
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top of the heart is the |
broader base |
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bottom of the heart is the |
apex which points down and to the left (picture triangle) |
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during contraction |
apex beats against chest wall, producing apical impulse |
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superior and inferior vena cava |
return unoxygenated venous blood to the right side of the heart |
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pulmonary artery |
leaves right ventricle bifurcates and carries venous blood to the lungs |
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pulmonary veins |
return freshly oxygenated blood to the left side of the heart |
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aorta |
carries blood out of the body; ascends from the left ventricle, arches back at the level of the sternal angle, and descends behind the heart. |
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pericardium |
tough fibrous, double walled sac that surrounds and protects the heart ; has 2 layers filled with few millimeters of serous pericardial fluid; insures smooth friction free movement of heart muscle; adherent to great vessels, esophagus, sternum, and pleurae and is anchored to diaphragm |
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myocardium |
muscular wall of the heart; does the pumping |
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endocardium |
thin layer of endothelial tissue that lines the inner surface of the heart chambers and valves |
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the two pumps are separated by an impermeable wall |
the septum |
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atrium |
thin walled reservoir for holding blood |
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ventricle |
thick walled muscular pumping chamber |
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Arioventicular |
Valves that separate atria and the ventricles; |
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The tricuspid valve
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Right av valve |
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Mitral valve |
The left av valve; also known as bicuspid |
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Tricuspid and mitral valve have thin leaflets anchored by collagenous fibers called |
Chordate tendinae |
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Diastole |
The av valves open during hearts filling phase, or diastole to allow the ventricles to fill with blood. |
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Systole |
During pumping phase, or systole, the av valves close to prevent regurgitation of blood back up into the atria. |
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Semilunar valves |
Are set between the ventricles and the arteries. Each valve has three cusps that look like half moons. The open during pumping, or systole, to allow blood to be ejected from the heart. |
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Pulmonic valve |
In the right side of the heart; SL valve; |
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Aortic valve |
In the left side of the heart; |
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There are no valves between |
The vena cava and the right atrium or between the pulmonary veins and the left atrium. |
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The ventricles relax and fill with blood. This takes up two thirds of the cardiac cycle. |
In diastole |
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Blood is pumped from the ventricles and fills the pulmonary and systemic arteries. This is one third of the cardiac cycle. |
Systole; heart contraction |
