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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Minerals
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Naturally occurring, inorganic solids, definite chemical composition, orderly atomic structure
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Igneous Rocks
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Formed from melted minerals
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Sedimentary Rocks
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Rocks formed from pieces of other rocks, from once living things, or from solutions
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Metamorphic Rocks
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Rocks formed from great heat and pressure
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The Rock Cycle
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The process of rocks changing from one rock type to another
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Biogeochemical Cycles
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The cycling of an element or a compound through the environment
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Crystal Form
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Regular, repeating arrangement of atoms, like halite which forms a cubic shape
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Luster
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Looks like metal, like pyrite which looks like gold, or galena which looks like a silvery metal
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Hardness
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The strength of the chemical bonds, defined as the minerals resistance to scratching glass
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Mohs Hardness Scale
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1-10, 1 is the softest like talc, and 10 is the hardest like diamond
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Cleavage
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When a mineral breaks along parallel lines like Mica ,which peels in layers, or when a mineral breaks into specific shapes like halite which breaks into cubes
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Streak
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When a mineral is scraped along an unglazed porcelain tile and a powder is left behind on the tile. The powder is the streak of the mineral which is more reliable than the color of the mineral when used for identifying minerals
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Slow Cooling
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Allows for large crystals to form in igneous rocks like granite
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Fast Cooling
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Allows only small crystals to form in igneous rocks like basalt
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Extra Fast Cooling
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No crystals form at all in an igneous rock like obsidian or pumice
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Melting and Cooling
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The processes that help form igneous rocks
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Great Heat and Great Pressure
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The processes that help form metamorphic rocks
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Weathering and Erosion
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The processes that help form sedimentary rocks
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