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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Factors controlling plasticity of embryonic stem cells: |
Transcription factors DNA methylation Chromatin regulators miRNA |
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Somatic-cell Nuclear Transport |
fusion of a somatic cell nucleus with an enucleated, unfertilized egg |
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Intestinal Crypts |
pits located deep in the intestinal wall that serve as a stem cell niche |
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Cell Polarity |
ability of cells to organize their internal structure, resulting in changes in cell shape or regions of membrane |
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Two ways to induce asymmetrical division in stem cells |
Response to an external cue Interaction in a stem-cell niche |
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Apoptosis |
programmed cell death that ends in the engulfment of the apoptotic cell by a phagocyte |
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Mutation in the _______ gene blocks programmed cell death in C. elegans. |
ced-3 |
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What are examples of apoptotic stimuli? |
killer signal DNA damage Irradiation Absence of trophic factor |
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IAP |
inhibitor of apoptotic proteins; binds and inhibits caspase |
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Planar-Cell Polarity |
also known as front-to-back polarity, where cells are organized in a plane of a cell sheet |
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Necrosis |
unprogrammed cell death that results in the swelling and bursting of cells ultimately resulting in inflammation |
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Survival of neurons is mediated by... |
...neurotrophins made in the target tissue |
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What promotes oligomeric channel formation? |
DNA damage Disruption of integrin |
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Tumor Necrosis Factor |
released by macrophage or Fas ligand produced by activated immune cells bind to "death" receptors Fas |
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What are embryonic stem cells' potency? |
Totipotent |
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What are adult stem cells in the intestine's potency? |
Multipotent |
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What are adult stem cells in the blood's potency? |
Multipotent |
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What are iPS cells' potency? |
Pluripotent |
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Where is the niche of adult stem cells in the intestine? |
Intestinal crypts |
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Where is the niche of adult stem cells in the blood? |
Bone marrow |
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What are the 4 transcription factors that can reprogram cells into iPS cells? |
KLF SOX2 OCT44 c-MYC |
