Stat 100 Quiz 2

Front 1

observational study

Back 1

the researcher observes what is happening or what has happened in the past and tries to draw conclusions based on these observations.

Front 2

experimental study

Back 2

the researcher manipulates one of the variables and tries to determine how the manipulation influences other variables.

Front 3

explanatory variable

Back 3

also known as the independent variable, in an experimental study is the one that is being manipulated by the researcher.

Front 4

outcome variable

Back 4

also called the dependent variable. A variable in correlation and regression analysis that cannot be controlled or manipulated.

Front 5

treatment group

Back 5

a group in an experimental study that has recieved some type of treatment.

Front 6

control group

Back 6

a group in an experimental study that is not given any special treatment.

Front 7

hawthorne effect

Back 7

when subjects knew they were participating in an experiment actually changed their behavior in ways that affected the results of the study.

Front 8

confounding variable

Back 8

one that influences the dependent variable but cannot be separated from independent variable.

Front 9

suspect samples

Back 9

researchers use very small samples to obtained information when a large sample size is better to do, and the selection of the subjects in the sample is important so there is not any built-in bias.

Front 10

Ambiguous Averages

Back 10

mean, median, mode, and midrange

Front 11

changing the subject

Back 11

statistical distortion can occur when different values are used to represent the same data.

Front 12

detached statistics

Back 12

no comparison is made. For example "Brand A telenol works 2 times faster." Faster than what?

Front 13

implied connections

Back 13

"Eating cherrios for breakfast may help reduce your cholestrol." The words MAY HELP signifies that there is no guarantee that eating cherrios for breakfast will for sure reduce your cholestrol.

Front 14

misleading graphs

Back 14

If graphs are drawn inappropriately, they can misrepresent the data and lead the reader to false connections.

Front 15

faulty survey questions

Back 15

when analyzing results of a survey using questionnaires, you should be sure that the questions are properly written since the way questions are phrased can often influence the way people answer them.

Front 16

mean

Back 16

the sum of the vaules, divided by the total number of values. symbol ( )

Front 17

median

Back 17

the midpoint of the data array. symbol (MD)

Front 18

mode

Back 18

the value that occurs most often in a data set

Front 19

midrange

Back 19

the sum of the lowest and highest values in the data set,divided by 2. symbol (MR)

Front 20

range

Back 20

the highest value minus the lowest value. symbol (R)