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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Ejner Hertzsprung and Henry Russell |
independently studied the relationship between true brightness (absolute magnitude) and temperature of stars Hertzsprung-Russell Diagram (H-R Diagram)
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Main-sequence |
90% of the stars hottest stars are the brightest (blue) and more massive coolest stars are dimmest (red) and less massive Sun – “average star” average years |
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Red giants |
stars with large radiating surfaces appear in the upper right position of H-Rdiagram |
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Super giants |
very immense stars ex. Betelgeuse - with radius 800times that of thesun |
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White Dwarfs |
much fainter than the main-sequence stars of the same temperature some are almost the samesize of Earth |
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Hertzsprung-Russell Diagram |
Useful tool for understanding STELLAR EVOLUTION stars born, age and die
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Balance |
a star is caught between the opposing gravity trying to contractit and thermal nuclear energy trying to expand it |
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Stellar Birth |
interstellar clouds, rich in gasand dust gravitational contraction,pulling particles into thecenter PROTOSTARS |
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Protostar Stage |
gravitational contraction continues rapidly |
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Hydrogen Fusion |
hydrogen fusing into helium |
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Supernova |
enormous implosion resulting in a shock wave |
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Stellar Remnants |
White dwarf Neutron Star Black hole |
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White Dwarfs |
dense, Earth-sized |
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Degenerate Matter |
electrons are displaced inward from their regular orbits around an atom’s nucleus |
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Neutron Stars |
smaller and more massive than white dwarfs |
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Pulsar |
Pulsating radio source radiates short pulses of radioenergy |
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Black Holes |
form if the core of a remaining star exceeds the three solar mass limit extremely hot, their surface gravity is so immense that even light cannot escape
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Supermassive Black Holes |
largest black holes found in the center of galaxies are estimated to be millions of solar masses
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Cygnus X-1 |
first blackhole discovered |
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Accretion disk |
gases that are pulled from the companion form spirals around a “void” while emitting a steady stream of X-rays
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