Sta 2023 (Exam 2) Correct One

Front 1

Using graph 1,

(1)what is the slope? (postive, negative, or undefined)

Back 1

postive

Front 2

Using graph 2,
(1)what is the slope? (postive, negative, or undefined)
(2)explain the correlation btwn x and y (postive or negative correlated)

Back 2

(1)postive (2)postively correlated

Front 3

Using graph 3,
(1)what is the slope? (postive, negative, or undefined)

Back 3

negative

Front 4

Using graph 4,
(1)what is the slope? (postive, negative, or undefined)
(2)What is the correlation btwn x and y? (postive or negative

Back 4

(1)negative (2)x and y are negatively associated

Front 5

Using graph 5,

(1)what is the slope? (postive, negative, or undefined)
(2)how are the x and y correlated to the line?

Back 5

(1)0 (2)the correlation btwn the points is zero

Front 6

Using graph 6,
(1)what is the slope?
(2)how are x and y correlated to the line?

Back 6

(1)undefined (2)undefined

Front 7

y is called the (1)

Back 7

dependent variable

Front 8

NAME
this is called the dependent variable

Back 8

y

Front 9

x is called the (1)

Back 9

independent variable

Front 10

What is the point slope formula?

Back 10

y-y1=m(x-x1)

Front 11

NAME
this is called the independent variable

Back 11

x

Front 12

What is regression?

Back 12

is a stastical tool that uses the relation btwn two or more quanitative variables so that one variable can be predicted from the other or find the assocation btwn the two varaibles

Front 13

NAME
is a stastical tool that uses the relation btwn two or more quanitative varaibles so that one variable can be predicted from the other or find the assocation btwn varaibles x and y

Back 13

regression

Front 14

What is a response variable measure?

Back 14

measusres the outcome of a certain study

Front 15

NAME
this measures the outcome of a certain study

Back 15

response variable

Front 16

What is an explantory variable?

Back 16

explains or may cause changes in the response variable

Front 17

NAME
this varaible explains or may cause changes in the response variable

Back 17

explantory variable

Front 18

When are two variables assocaited?

Back 18

if some some values of one of the variable occur more often w some values of the other varaible

Front 19

Two variables are (1)if some values of one of the varaible occur more often w some values of the other variable

Back 19

associated

Front 20

y is the (1) or the (2)variable

Back 20

(1)dependent (2) reponse

Front 21

NAME
this is called the dependent variable

Back 21

y

Front 22

NAME
this is called the response variable

Back 22

y

Front 23

Which varaible is the response varaible?

Back 23

y

Front 24

NAME
this is the independent variable

Back 24

x

Front 25

NAME
this is the predictor variable

Back 25

x

Front 26

Which variable is the predictor variable?

Back 26

x

Front 27

the x is the (1) or (2)variable

Back 27

(1)independent (2)predictor

Front 28

What equation is used to represent the simple linear regression model?

Back 28

y=a+bx+E

Front 29

What is the equation y=a+bx+E used for?

Back 29

simple linear regression model

Front 30

y=a+bx+E

(1)what does a represent?
(2)What does b represent?
(3)what does E represent?

Back 30

(1)y intercept
(2)slope of the line
(3)the random error component

Front 31

y=a+bx+E

(1)what is the deterministic part of the equation?
(2)what is the E part of the equation?

Back 31

(1)a+bx
(2)E

Front 32

What is the mean of E?

Back 32

0

Front 33

What does E stand for?

Back 33

the random variable

Front 34

How is E distrubed?

Back 34

normally

Front 35

What are (2)assumptions you can make about the E?

Back 35

(1)the random varible E has a mean of zero and a constant varaince σ^2 and are distrubed normally (2)for possible pair of observations yi and yj, the associated random errors E1 and E2 are indepedent

Front 36

What does correlation?

Back 36

is a measure of the strength of a linear relationship btwn the response variable and the predictor variable

Front 37

NAME
is a measure of the strength of a linear relationship btwn the response varaible and the predictor variable

Back 37

correlation

Front 38

r^2 is called the (1)

Back 38

cofficeient of determination

Front 39

NAME
this is called the cofficient of determination

Back 39

r^2

Front 40

y is the weight of babies and x= is the age of the baby and

y=10x=8

(1)what is the predication equation?

Back 40

y=10x+8

Front 41

the predication equation can also be called the (1)

Back 41

least squares of line regression

Front 42

the (1)can also be called the least sqaures of line regression

Back 42

the prediction equation

Front 43

Using graph 7,
(1)what is the aprox of r?

Back 43

r=1

Front 44

Using graph 8,
(1)what is the aprox of r?

Back 44

r=.8 or about 1

Front 45

How do you tell if r is 1 or -1?

Back 45

all points are on the line

Front 46

When r is -1 or 1?

Back 46

when all points on the line

Front 47

When is r negative?

Back 47

when the slope is negative

Front 48

When is r postive?

Back 48

when the slope is postive

Front 49

How do you find the prediction equation using your calculator?

Back 49

go to stat calc, select #8 or LinReg(ax+b)(x,y)

Front 50

Using data in L6,

predict the number of manatees that will be killed if x=682.

Back 50

plug in x=682 to prediction equation (y=.125x+41.43)

y=126.68 manatees would be killed

Front 51

What does TSS refer to?

Back 51

refers to the total sum of the sqaures of the variation

Front 52

NAME
this refers to the total sum of the sqaures of the variation

Back 52

TSS

Front 53

What does SSR refer to?

Back 53

the variation explained by the model

Front 54

NAME
this refers to the variation explained by the model

Back 54

SSR

Front 55

What does SSE refer to?

Back 55

the varation due to error

Front 56

NAME
this refers to the variation due to error

Back 56

SSE

Front 57

If (1)then this means that it is a good model and most of the points are on the line

Back 57

if SSR is larger compared to SSE

Front 58

If SSR is larger compared to SSE then this means that (1)

Back 58

it is a good model and most of the points are on the line

Front 59

if (1)then this means that it is abd model and that most of the points are not on the line

Back 59

SSE is larger than SSR

Front 60

If SSE is larger than SSR then this means that (1)

Back 60

it is a bad model and most of the points are not on the line

Front 61

What does r measure?

Back 61

the strength and direction of the line

Front 62

NAME
this measaures the strength and direction of the line

Back 62

r

Front 63

What does r^2 measure?

Back 63

measures how much of the data can be explained by the line

Front 64

NAME
this measures how much of the data can be explained by the line

Back 64

r^2

Front 65

How do you find the residuals?

Back 65

^
y-y

Front 66

Using L6,
(1)find the residual for y=47 for manatees

Back 66

(719, 47)for y=.1249x-41.4304
^
y-y = 47-(-41.4+1.25(719))

residual is -1.475

Front 67

The best fit of the line is has to be a (1)

Back 67

linear model

Front 68

Using graph 9,

(1)is the graph a good or bad model?

Back 68

yes

Front 69

Using graph 10,
(1)is the graph a good or bad model?

Back 69

no because it is not a linear model

Front 70

Using graph 11,
(1)is the graph a good or bad model?

Back 70

no

Front 71

What is the lurking varaible?

Back 71

is a variable that affects the response varaible but it is not included in the model

Front 72

NAME
this is a variable that affects the response varaible but it is not included in the model

Back 72

lurking variable

Front 73

What is the goal of regression? (2)

Back 73

(1)prediction of response variable using the predictor varaible (2)correlation of variables

Front 74

NAME
this has two goals: prediction of response variable using the predictor variable and correlation of variables

Back 74

regression

Front 75

What is a multiple linear regression?

Back 75

has a 1 response variable and many prediction variables

Front 76

Using graph 12,
(1)what are A,B, and C?

Back 76

influenical observations

Front 77

How do u tell what points are infleunical observations?

Back 77

are points on the x axis that are far away from the model and are outliners

Front 78

NAME
these are points on the x axis that are far away from the model and are outliners

Back 78

infleunical observations

Front 79

Are all influenical observations outliners?

Back 79

yes

Front 80

Are all outliners infleunical observations?

Back 80

no

Front 81

T or F
all outliners are infleuntial observations

Back 81

false

Front 82

T or F
all infleuntial observations are outliners

Back 82

true

Front 83

What are influenical observations?

Back 83

are observations whose absence dramatically changes the model

Front 84

NAME
are observations whose absence dramatically changes the model

Back 84

infleunical observations

Front 85

Using graph 13,
what is the approximate of r?

Back 85

r=o

Front 86

Using graph 14,
(1)what is the aproximate of r?

Back 86

r =1

Front 87

Using graph 15,
(1)what is the aproximate of r?

Back 87

r=-1

Front 88

T or F
correlation means causation

Back 88

false

Front 89

Does correlation mean causation?

Back 89

no

Front 90

If x or y are highly correlated or there is highy correlation, this means that (1)

Back 90

you cannot say that x cuased y unless u do experiements

Front 91

if x and y are (1), you cannot say that x caused y unless u do experiments

Back 91

highly correlated

Front 92

If x and y are (1)this means that x caused y

Back 92

are negativly correlated

Front 93

If x and y are negativly correlated this means that (1)

Back 93

x caused y

Front 94

What is multivariate multiple linear regression?

Back 94

has many response varaibles and many predictable variables

Front 95

NAME
has many response variables and many predictables variables

Back 95

multivariate multiple linear regression

Front 96

How do you find the residuals?

Back 96

^
y-y

Front 97

What does SRS stand for?

Back 97

Simple Random Sampling

Front 98

What is SRS?

Back 98

refers to when each of the members of the pop has a equal change of being selected sample

Front 99

NAME
refers to when each of the members of the pop has a equal change of being selected sample

Back 99

SRS

Front 100

When can be SRS be biased?

Back 100

if the pop you sampled from is not homogenous

Front 101

What is stratified Random sampling?

Back 101

refers to when we divide the pop into the strata and from each stratum we take SRS, this way each group is represented

Front 102

NAME
this refers to when we divide the pop into the strata and from each stratum we take SRS, this way each group is represented

Back 102

stratifed random sampling

Front 103

If the pop is homogenous do u need stratifed random sampling?

Back 103

no

Front 104

What is systematic sampling?

Back 104

is when you create a system to select samples that represents the pop

Front 105

NAME
this refers to when you create a system to select samples that represents the pop

Back 105

systematic sampling

Front 106

NAME
a ex of this type of sampling is when you select every 4th person in the row to sample

Back 106

systematic sampling

Front 107

NAME
a ex of this type of sampling is when the port authority wants to check crates for drugs. they samples 1,000 crates out of 300,00. furthermore, each crate contains 200 dolls. they also inspected the dolls in 50 out of the 1,000 crates

Back 107

multistage sampling

Front 108

What is cluster sampling?

Back 108

refers to when you sample a cluster or group of people

Front 109

NAME
this refers to when you sample a cluster or group

Back 109

cluster sampling

Front 110

The population consists of 20 males and 80 females and the total is 100 people.

Draw a sampling frame

Back 110

See graph 16

Front 111

The population consists of 20 males and 80 females and the total is 100 people.
(1)Draw a sampling frame
(2)How many females and males would needed to be sampled so that the sampling was proportional?

Back 111

(1)see graph 16
(2)ratio of the sampling fram is 80:20 or 4:1

Therefore,
females =4/5*100=80
males=1/5*100=20

Front 112

What are the differ types of biased samples? (6)

Back 112

(1)convenience sampling (2)call in sampling (3)undercoverage sample (4)non-response (5)response bias (6)sampling varability

Front 113

Give a ex of convenience sampling?

Back 113

if you want to know how many people like shoping so you survey only people shopping at a mall

Front 114

NAME
a example of this is if you want to know how many people like shoping so you survey only people who are shoping at a mall

Back 114

convenience sampling

Front 115

NAME
these include conveience sampling, call in sampling, undercoverage sample, non-response, response bias, and sampling varability

Back 115

biased samples

Front 116

What is the undercoverage sampling?

Back 116

refers to when one pop is undercovered

Front 117

NAME
this refers to when one pop is undercovered

Back 117

undercoverage sampling

Front 118

What is call in sampling?

Back 118

refers to sampling over the phone

Front 119

NAME
this refers to sampling data over the phone

Back 119

sampling

Front 120

What is non-response bias?

Back 120

is when you have a lack of response from the people you are sampling

Front 121

NAME
this refers to when you have a lack of response from the people you are sampling

Back 121

non-response bias

Front 122

What is sample variaiblity?

Back 122

refers to samples that are not homogenous but of differ groups

Front 123

NAME
this refers to samples that are not homoegenous but of different groups

Back 123

sample variablity

Front 124

What are the (2) differ types of stastical study?

Back 124

(1)survey study (2)experimental study

Front 125

NAME
these include survey study and experimental study

Back 125

stastical study

Front 126

Most medial studies are (1)

Back 126

survey studies

Front 127

What is a survey study?

Back 127

refers to when the researcher does not impose any conditions to affect the response or outcome

Front 128

NAME
this refers to when the researcher does not impose any conditions to affect the response or outcome

Back 128

survey study

Front 129

What is a experiment?

Back 129

is a controled task that yeilds observations

Front 130

NAME
this is a controled task that yeilds observations

Back 130

experiment

Front 131

T or F
regression is a experiment

Back 131

fasle

Front 132

Can a regression be a experiment?

Back 132

no

Front 133

In order to do a experiment well, you must(1)

Back 133

eliminate all the outcomes that may affect what you are testing

Front 134

NAME
if you want to do this well you must eliminate all the outcomes that may affect what you are testing

Back 134

experiment

Front 135

What is a experimental study?

Back 135

refers to when the reseracher imposes experimental conidtions to alter the response

Front 136

NAME
this refers to when the reseracher imposes experimental conditions to alter the response

Back 136

experimental study

Front 137

NAME
this is used to study cause and effect

Back 137

experimental study

Front 138

Experimental study can be used to study (1)

Back 138

cause and effect

Front 139

T or F
a survey can be used to study cause and effect

Back 139

false

Front 140

Can a survey be used to stuyd a cause and effect?

Back 140

no

Front 141

What is the experimental treatment?

Back 141

is anything you do to alter the response or outcome

Front 142

NAME
this is the experiment conidtion that imposes the smallest experiment observation or experimental unit

Back 142

experimental treatments

Front 143

NAME
this refers to anything you do to alter the response or outcome

Back 143

experimental treatment

Front 144

Mr. Tek gives you a take home test to students to see how much they know about stats

(1)what is the treatment?
(2)what is the experimental unit?
(3)what is the response?

Back 144

(1)the treatment is the pre-test
(2)Experimental unit is the students
(3)The response is the grades

Front 145

What are (3) properties of experimental design?

Back 145

(1)local control
(2)randomization
(3)replication

Front 146

NAME
this has three properties: local control, randomization, and replication

Back 146

experimental design

Front 147

Give a example of local control?

Back 147

see the sampling frame on graph 17

Front 148

Using graph 17,
(1)it is a example of what?

Back 148

local control

Front 149

What does randomization do?

Back 149

it reduces the passible systematic errors

therefore, making a more precise prediction

Front 150

NAME
this reduces the possible systematic errors,
Therefore, making a more prescise prediction

Back 150

randomization

Front 151

Response bias can also be called the (1)

Back 151

sampling error

Front 152

(1)can be also called the sampling error

Back 152

response bias

Front 153

What is replication?

Back 153

is when you apply treatments to differ experiemntal units (replicate) and expect similar response

Front 154

NAME
this is when you apply treatments to differ experimental units (replicate) and expect similar response

Back 154

replication

Front 155

What is psudo design?

Back 155

is a design that design that fails one of the following properties: local control, randomization, and replication

Front 156

NAME
this is a design that fails one of the following properties: local control, randomization, and replication

Back 156

psudo design

Front 157

The y variable is the (1)or (2)variable

Back 157

depedent or response varaible

Front 158

NAME
this is the predicatable varaible

Back 158

x

Front 159

NAME
this is the response varaible

Back 159

x

Front 160

The x varaible is the (1) or (2)variable

Back 160

indepedent or predictor

Front 161

What is a convenicence sample?

Back 161

the sample consists of indivudals who are convenitently avaiable

Front 162

NAME
this sample consists of indivudals who are convenitently located

Back 162

conveinvece sample

Front 163

What is a strata?

Back 163

refers to when groups are divided into several subgroups

Front 164

NAME
this refers to when groups are divided up into several subgroups

Back 164

strata

Front 165

What are factors?

Back 165

are explantory variables w certain number of levels

Front 166

NAME
are explantory varaibles w a certain number of levels

Back 166

factors

Front 167

What are treatment combinations?

Back 167

refers to a combinoation of 2 or more factors of different levels

Front 168

NAME
this refers to a combination of 2 or more factors of different levels

Back 168

treatment combinations

Front 169

Using graph 19,
(1)Id the factors
(2)what are the levels?
(3)How many treatment combinations are there?

Back 169

(1)customers and how to cook hamburgers
(2)customers have 3 levels
the cooking type has 3 levels
(3)3^2=9

Front 170

A=is the event that the plane 1hits a target
B=is the event that the plane 2 hits the same target

P(A)=.8 and P(B)=.7
What is the probalilty that plan 1 or plane 2 hits the target?

Back 170

P(A or B)= P(A)+P(B)-P(AΩB)
therefore= .8+.7-(.8-.7)=.9

90%

Front 171

When find the probaility, how do u add?

Back 171

P(A or B)=P(A)+P(B)-P(AΩB)

Front 172

What does disjointed mean?

Back 172

that A and B are seperate

Front 173

If two things are disjointed what is P(AΩB)?

Back 173

0

Front 174

If two things are disjointed, what is P(AΩB)?

Back 174

0

Front 175

If two events are (1), then P(AΩB) equals zero

Back 175

disjointed

Front 176

Use graph 16,
the two objects A and B are (1)

Back 176

disjointed

Front 177

Use graph 17,

NOTE: the jar contains seperate starbursts (r= red, y=yellow, and g=green)
(1)What is the probalilty that you would get a red or yellow?

Back 177

P(R)+P(Y)=

20/60 + 10/60= .5

Front 178

What does a indepdent event mean?

Back 178

it means that the happening of one event does not effect another event

Front 179

NAME
this means that the happening of one event does not effect another event

Back 179

indepdent event

Front 180

You toss a coin twice. are the 2 event indepedent?

Back 180

yes

Front 181

If A&B are indepdent events then P(A and B)= (1)

Back 181

P(a)*P(B)

Front 182

If A&B are (1)events then P(A and B)=P(a)*P(B)

Back 182

indepdent

Front 183

A=the event that Lind will get an A
B=the event that Joe will get an A
NOTE:A&B are independent
(1)If P(A)=.9 and P(B)=.8, what is the probality both Linda and Joe get an A?

Back 183

P(A and B)=P(AΩB)=P(A)*P(B)=.72=
72%

Front 184

You toss a coin twice.
(1)what is the probaility you will get two heads?

Back 184

P(H and H)=
1/4*1/4

Front 185

If A1, A2...An are indepdent events then P(A1ΩA2...ΩAn)equals (1)

Back 185

P(A1)*P(A2)...P(An)

Front 186

A jumbojet has 4 independently working engines(E1, E2, E3, and E4).
A= the event that the engine 1 will fail
B= the event that the E2 will fail
C= is the event that E3 will fail
D= is the event that E4 will fail

P(A)=.0008, P(B)=.003, P(C)=.01, and P(D)=.0004
(1)If the jumbo jet is flying somewhere, what is the probaility that all the egines fail and the plane crashes?

Back 186

P(A,B,C,and D)=

.0008*.003*.01*.004= 9.6*10^-12

Front 187

Supose a shipment is coming in. The shipment consists of 9 items. 27% are defective.

(1)what is the probaility that at least one is not defective?

Back 187

P(1 item ≤ x >9 items)

solution= 1-P^n

1-(27)^9= .99

Front 188

The classroom has .6 males and .4 females. You meet 3 people in the classroom.
(1)what is the probaility you meet all females?
(2)What is the probaility thaat at least one of the three people you meet is male?

Back 188

(1)P(F and F and F)=.4^3=

.064%

Front 189

The classroom has .6 males and .4 females. You meet 3 people in the classroom.
(1)What is the probaility thaat at least one of the three people you meet is male?

Back 189

1-P(A)^n=
1-(.6)^3=78.4%

Front 190

What does CRD stand for?

Back 190

Completely randomized design

Front 191

What is CRD?

Back 191

is when you randomly asssign treatments to experimental units

Front 192

NAME
this is when you assign treatments to experimental units

Back 192

CRD

Front 193

If experimental units are not (1)then they are bias

Back 193

homogenous

Front 194

If experimental units are not homgenous then they are (1)

Back 194

bias

Front 195

What does CRBD stand for?

Back 195

completely randomized block design

Front 196

What is CRBD?

Back 196

is when you block the experimental units based on similarities

Front 197

NAME
this is when you block the experimental units based on similarities

Back 197

CRBD

Front 198

What is blocking?

Back 198

refers to seperating certain groups

Front 199

NAME
this refers to seperating certain groups

Back 199

blocking

Front 200

WHen is a test statisctially significant?

Back 200

if the test is so affective that it is very unlikely that the affect is due to chance

Front 201

NAME
this means tha the test is so affective that it is very unlikely that the affect is due to chance

Back 201

stastically significant

Front 202

What are subjects?

Back 202

refers to humans in a experiment

Front 203

NAME
this refers to humans in a experiment

Back 203

subjects

Front 204

What is single blind experiment?

Back 204

refers to when the subjects do not know what they are getting. however, the researchers knows what he or she is administering to the subject

Front 205

NAME
this refers to when the subjects do not know what they are getting. however, the researchers knows what he or she is administering to the subject

Back 205

single blind experiment

Front 206

What is a double blind experiment?

Back 206

refers to when niether the subjects nor the administer know what the treatments the subject is getting or what they are administering

Front 207

NAME
this refers to when neither the subjects nor the administer know what the treatments the subject is getting or what they are administering

Back 207

double blind experiment

Front 208

What is the control?

Back 208

is a standard treatment w which others are compared

Front 209

NAME
this is the treatment w which others are compared

Back 209

control

Front 210

What is the placebo?

Back 210

is a treatment with neutral or no effects

Front 211

NAME
this refers to a treatment w neutral or no effects

Back 211

placebo

Front 212

What is the placebo effects?

Back 212

is the tendency of a subject to show a postive response or some response to a placebo treatment

Front 213

NAME
is the tendency of a subject to show a postive reponse or some response to a placebo treatment

Back 213

placebo effect

Front 214

T or F
in stats we always have error bc samples are always part of the pop

Back 214

true

Front 215

What do stats use probaility for?

Back 215

to find errors in the pop samples

Front 216

What is the probalilty?

Back 216

is the study of phenomena

Front 217

NAME
is the study of phenomena

Back 217

probaility

Front 218

What does confounding mean?

Back 218

refers to when you can not tell waht response varaibles are

Front 219

NAME
this refers to when you cannot tell what the response varaibles

Back 219

confounding

Front 220

What is the sample space?

Back 220

refers to all possible outcomes of an experiment

Front 221

NAME
this refers to all possible outcomes of an experiment

Back 221

sample space

Front 222

You toss 2 coins,
(1)what is the P that you will get both heads?

Back 222

P(H and H) bc are dependent

2^2=4

P(H and H)=1/4

Front 223

You toss 3 coins,

How many possible outcomes are there?

Back 223

2^3= 8

8 possible outcomes

Front 224

You toss 1 die and 3 coins

(1)how many possible outcomes are there?
(2)Find P for 6 on the die and three heads?

Back 224

(1)6*2^3
(2)P(6,HHH)= 3/8

Front 225

A newly married couple wants to have 3 children, what is the P she will have all girls?
(1)Assume P(girls)=P(boys)
(2)she does not have triplets

Back 225

outcomes= 2^3= 8 possible outcomes

P(G,G, and G)=1/8+1/8+1/8=3/8

Front 226

Supose there are 30 questions and a person did not study. Each questions has 2 answers. What is the P she or he will get all the questions right?

Back 226

Sample frame=2^30

1/2^30

Front 227

What an event?

Back 227

is a subset of a sample space

Front 228

NAME
this is subset of a sample space

Back 228

event

Front 229

What are (2) types of events?

Back 229

(1)sure event (2)impossible event

Front 230

What is a sure event?

Back 230

is a event that must happen

Front 231

NAME
is a event that must happen

Back 231

sure event

Front 232

What is a impossible event?

Back 232

is a event that cannot happen

Front 233

NAME
this is a event that cannot happen

Back 233

impossible event

Front 234

What is P of a sure event?

Back 234

100%

Front 235

What is the P of an impossible event?

Back 235

0

Front 236

NAME
the probality of this event is 100%

Back 236

sure event

Front 237

NAME
the P of this event is 0

Back 237

a impossible event

Front 238

The proability of any event is btwn (1) and (2)

Back 238

0 and 1

Front 239

What is PE stand for?

Back 239

is the probability of any event

Front 240

What does S stand for?

Back 240

sample space

Front 241

What is the P(S)?

Back 241

1

Front 242

What is the P(S)?

Back 242

1

Front 243

What does emperical mean?

Back 243

refers to something pratical

Front 244

NAME
this refers to something pratical

Back 244

emperical

Front 245

How do you find P(E)?

Back 245

the number of times the event occurs/ the number of times the experiment is done

Front 246

Toss a coin 1,000 times.
Heads=450
(1)What is the P(E)?

Back 246

P(H)= 450/1000= 9/20

Front 247

n=30 students.
There are 18 females and 12 males
(1)what is the P of females?
(2)what is the P of males?

Back 247

P(F)=18/30= 60%
(2)P(M)= 40%

Front 248

Using graph 22,
(1)what is the probaility that a person's religion is Catholic and Republican?

Back 248

P(C and R)=12,000/75,000= 16%

Front 249

Use graph 22,
(1)what is the P that a person will vote democrat given that his or her religion is prostant?

Back 249

total=24,000 +34,000= 58,000

11,0000/24,0000= 46%

Front 250

If you see given, what does indicate?

Back 250

means that the sample space changes and does not equal the grand total

Front 251

If you see the word (1)it indicates that the sample space changes and does not equal the grand total

Back 251

given

Front 252

Using graph 18,
(1)what is the P that a persons religion is judism and that they belong to the indepdent party?

Back 252

P(I given I)= 2,000/10,000=20%

Front 253

P that you will pass the test is 95%, what is the P you will not pass the test?

Back 253

5%

Front 254

What symbol represents the compliment of event such as A?

Back 254

A^c

Front 255

What does A^c represent?

Back 255

the compliment of event A

Front 256

P(A)+(A^c)=(1)

Back 256

0

Front 257

A=is a event that I will pass the test.

P(A)=.90
(1)what is the P that I will not pass the test?

Back 257

A^c=.10

Front 258

What does the symbol Ω refer to?

Back 258

the intersection point

Front 259

If A and B are two independent events then P(A or B)=

Back 259

P(AΩB)=P(A)+P(B)-P(AΩB)

Front 260

If A and B are two (1)events then P(AΩB)=P(A)+P(B)-P(AΩB)

Back 260

indepedent

Front 261

Supose you were to collect data for the pair of given varaibles in order to form a scatterplot. Determine if each variable is explantory, a response or whether it could be both.

(1)cloudy days
(2)rainy days

Back 261

(1)cloudy days= explantory variable
(2)rainy days= response

Front 262

Using graph 23,
(1)Determine whether the scatterplot shows little or noassociation, a negative assocation, a linear assoaction, a modeerately strong assocation, or a very strong assocation (NOTE multiple assocations are possible)

Back 262

(1)negative and linear assoaction

Front 263

Use graph 24,
What is the correlation btwn salary and average wins? (5)

Back 263

there is a slight correlation btwn salary and average wins
(2)this means that the more salary increases the more the average wins increases.
(3)furhtermore, this is because the slope is postive and r is .81
(4)the graph of the resiudals shows that the most of the points are on the line (5)lastly r^2 shows that 65% of the games won by the chicago team and the average salary can be exaplined by the line

Front 264

Managers rate employees according to the job performance and attiude. The results for several randomly selected employees are given below.
Performance= 59, 63, 65, 69, 58, 77, 76, 69, 70, and 74

Attiude= 72, 67, 78, 82, 75, 87, 92, 83, 87, and 78

(1)what is the equation of the regression line?

Back 264

y=11.7+1.02x

Front 265

Can on predict a student's score on the midterm exam in stast course from the number of hours the student spents studying for the exam. To explore this, the teacher of the course asks the students how many hours they spend studying for the exam and then makes a scatter plot of the time students spend studying and thier scores on the exam. In making the scatterplot, the scatterplot the teacher should (1)

Back 265

plot the time spent studying for the exam on the horizontal axis

Front 266

A reseracher wishes to determine whether the rate of water flow over an experimental soil bed can be used to predict the amount of soil washed away. The reseracher measures the amount of soil washed away for various flow rates and from these data calculates the least sqaures of regression line to be amount of eroded soil = .4 +1.3*flow rate

Back 266

postive but we cannot say what the exact rate is

Front 267

The fraction of the variation in the values of a response y that is explained by the least squares of regression of y on x is (1)

Back 267

the square of the least squares regression line

Front 268

Using graph 12,
(1)What does the scatterplot suggest? (2)

Back 268

there is a postive assocation btwn height and vold (2)there is an outliner in the plot

Front 269

I compute the least sqaures regression line for a set of data and find the slope is 91.2. I remove a point from the data, recompute the least squares regression line and now find that the slope is 13.7. The point i removed would be considered a (1)

Back 269

influential variable

Front 270

A study of elementary school children ages 6 to 11, finds a high postive correlation btwn shoe size x and score y on a test reading comprehension. the observed correlation is mostly due to (1)

Back 270

the effect of the lurking variable such as age

Front 271

What is conditioned P?

Back 271

refers to if A and B are 2 events then P(A given B) = P(A/B)

or
(2)P(B given A)= P(B)/P(B)

Front 272

real estate ads suggest that 64% of homes for sales have garages, 21% have swimming pools, and 17% have both. Find P for each of the following.
a)a pool or garage?
b)neither a pool nor garage?
c)a pool but no garage?

Back 272

a)P(P or G)= P(A)+P(B)-P(A∩B)
=P(.21)+P(.64)-.17= .68
B)1-p(G or P)=
1-.68=.32
c)
21%-.17%=.04

Front 273

The P that an Adult American man has blood pressure and/or high cholestral are shown in the table.
Using graph (NOTE ADD CHART ON PAGE 300 #9)
(1)What is the P that a man will have both conditions?
(2)What isthe P that a man w high blood pressure if it's known that he has high cholestral?
(3)What is the P that a man has high blood pressure if its known that he has high cholestral?

Back 273

First step add totals to contengicny chart
(1)P(C and P)=.11
(2)P(P)=.27
(3).11/.27=.407

Front 274

What are some of the names for the following?

y=a+bx? (3)

Back 274

(1)The regression model
(2)the least squares regression model
(3)the predication equation

Front 275

What are the differ names for r? (2)

Back 275

(1)the correlation coffeciant
(2)correlation

Front 276

What is the purpose of r? (2)

Back 276

(1)detect the strength of the linear relationship btwn x and y (2)show the direction

Front 277

What does r^2 represent?

ex if it r^2=80% for x and y

Back 277

says 80% of the variation can be explained by x and y

Front 278

What does r^2 represent?
ex if r^2 is 90%

Back 278

it says that 90% of the varation can be explained by x and y

Front 279

if two events are disjointed meaning they dont have anything in common, (events A and B).
(1)what is the P of A and B?

Back 279

0

Front 280

if two events are disjointed meaning they dont have anything in common, (events A and B).
(1)what is the P of A and B?

Back 280

0

Front 281

if a problem says predict the direction, form, and scatter what do they want as an answer?

Back 281

(1)direction- postive or negative
(2)if the relationship is linear
(3)Scatter= are the points following a pattern or alll over the place

Front 282

The (1)variable can also be called the predictor variable

Back 282

explantory

Front 283

The explantory variable can also be called the (1)

Back 283

predictor variable

Front 284

What is the predictor variable?

Back 284

x

Front 285

X is the (1)variable

Back 285

predictor

Front 286

What is the response variable?

Back 286

y

Front 287

What is the response variable?

Back 287

y

Front 288

Y is the (1)variable

Back 288

response

Front 289

What is the explantory variable?

Back 289

x

Front 290

What is the predictor variable?

Back 290

x

Front 291

Can you correlate categorical variable?

Back 291

no

Front 292

T or F
you can correlate categorical variables

Back 292

false

Front 293

Suspose you are collecting data on Apples. You find there wieght in grams and there weight in ounces
(1)what would you expect to see in the scatter plot?

Back 293

(1)direction-
(2)form-
(2)scatter

Front 294

Supose you collect data for the following.
Find the scaterplot for the variables below
(1)Apples: circumference (Inches) and weight (ounces)

Back 294

circumferencein ounces= the predictor
(2)weight= response
(3)Scatterplot=postive, linear, and somewhat scattered

Front 295

Supose you collect data for the following.
Find the scaterplot for the variables below
(1)college freshman: shoe size and GPA

Back 295

(1)Shoe size=predictor
(2)GPA=response
(3)Scatterplot=no direction, null, and very scattered

Front 296

Supose you collect the data for the following variables. Find the scatter plot for each below
(1)Gasoline: number of miles you drove since following up gallons remaining in your trunk

Back 296

(1)Miles driven=predictor
(2)gallons remaining=response
(3)scatterplot= negative, linear, and some scatter

Front 297

Supose you collect data for the following.
Find the scaterplot for the variables below
(1)When climbing a mountain: altiude and temperature

Back 297

(1)Alitude= explantory
(2)temperature=response
(may be both ways)
(3)scatterplot=negative, possibly linear, and very scattered

Front 298

Supose you collect data for the following.
Find the scaterplot for the variables below
(1)For each week:Ice cream and air conditioner sales

Back 298

(1)ice cream sales= predictor
(2)AC sales = response
(may be both ways)
(3)scatterplot= postive, linear, and some scatter

Front 299

What are residuals?

Back 299

are the differ btwn observed and predicted values

Front 300

NAME
this is the differ btwn observed and predicted values

Back 300

residuals

Front 301

What is extrapolation?

Back 301

is to predict values of x far from the ones used to find the linear equation

Front 302

NAME
is to predict the values of x far from the ones used for find hte linear equations

Back 302

extrpolation

Front 303

What are (2) types of observational studies?

Back 303

(1)retrospective study
(2)preospective study

Front 304

NAME
this is a study in which no data manipulation of factors has occured

Back 304

observational study

Front 305

What is a retrospective study?

Back 305

is a observational study in which the subjects are selected and their previous conditions or behaviors are determined

Front 306

NAME
is an observational study in which the subjects are selected and their previous conditions or behvariors are determined

Back 306

retrospective study

Front 307

NAME
this includes two types:retrospective and prospective study

Back 307

observational study

Front 308

What is an prospective study?

Back 308

an observational study in which subjects are followed to observe future outcomes

Front 309

NAME
this an observational study in which subjects are followed to observer future outcomes

Back 309

prospective study

Front 310

What is randomized block design?

Back 310

refers to when randomization occurs only w/in blocks

Front 311

NAME
this refers to when randomization occurs only w/in blocks

Back 311

randomized block design

Front 312

(1)Determine if it is an Obsevational or experimental study
(2)A (IF AN OBSERVATIONAL STUDY)
(a)id if it a retrospective or preospective study
(b)id subjects and how they were selected

(2)B (IF IS AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ONLY)
(a)id subjects
(b)id the factors and the number of levels for each
(c)the number of treatments
(d)id the response variable measured
(e)the design(completely randmized, blocked or matchted)
(f)whether it was blind or not
(g)the number of treatments




STUDY=
After menopause many women take supplemental estrogen. There is some concern that if these women also drink alcholol their estrogen levels may rise to high. 24 volunteers, 12 who took took supplemental estrogen and 12 who did not, where randomly divided into 2 groups: alcholics and non alchololic groups. An hour later every one's estrogen was checked. Only those receving supplemental estrogen who dranl alcholol showed an increase in thier estrogen

Back 312

(1)Experiment
(2)
(a)postmenosapel women
(b)alcholol-2 levels-estrogen suplements-2 levels
(c)4
(d)blocked
(e)not blind

Front 313

(1)Determine if it is an Obsevational or experimental study
(2)A (IF AN OBSERVATIONAL STUDY)
(a)id if it a retrospective or preospective study
(b)id subjects and how they were selected

(2)B (IF IS AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ONLY)
(a)id subjects
(b)id the factors and the number of levels for each
(c)the number of treatments
(d)id the response variable measured
(e)the design(completely randmized, blocked or matchted)
(f)whether it was blind or not
(g)the number of treatments

STUDY=
an examination of the medical records of more than 360,000 Swedish men showed that those w were overweight or had high blood pressure had a higher risk of kidney cancer

Back 313

(1)observational study
(2)(a)preospective
(b)men and wome w moderately high blood pressure and normal blood pressure and unkown selection processs

Front 314

(1)Determine if it is an Obsevational or experimental study
(2)A (IF AN OBSERVATIONAL STUDY)
(a)id if it a retrospective or preospective study
(b)id subjects and how they were selected

(2)B (IF IS AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ONLY)
(a)id subjects
(b)id the factors and the number of levels for each
(c)the number of treatments
(d)id the response variable measured
(e)the design(completely randmized, blocked or matchted)
(f)whether it was blind or not
(g)the number of treatments

STUDY=
in a test of roughly 200 men and women, those w moderately high blood pressure did worse on tests of memory and reaction time than those w normal blood pressure

Back 314

(1)Observational study
(2)(a)men retrosepctive
(b)Swedish men and unkown selection process

Front 315

(1)Determine if it is an Obsevational or experimental study
(2)A (IF AN OBSERVATIONAL STUDY)
(a)id if it a retrospective or preospective study
(b)id subjects and how they were selected

(2)B (IF IS AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ONLY)
(a)id subjects
(b)id the factors and the number of levels for each
(c)the number of treatments
(d)id the response variable measured
(e)the design(completely randmized, blocked or matchted)
(f)whether it was blind or not
(g)the number of treatments

STUDY=
over a 4 month period, amoung 30 people w bipolar disorder, patients who were given a high dose of omega 3 fats from fish oil improved more than those given the placebo

Back 315

(1)experiment
(2)(a)postemenopausal women
(b)alcholol- 2 levels; blocking variable-estrogen supplements
(c)2 treatments*2 blocking levels
(d)increase in estrogen levels
(e)blocked
(f)non blind

Front 316

A check of dorm rooms on a large college campus revealed that 28% had refrigerators, 52% HAD TVs and 21% had both had a refrigerator. What's the probaility that a randomly selected dorm room has the following?
(1)a TV but no refrigerator
(2)a TV or refrigerator but not both?
(3)neither a TV nor a fridge?

Back 316

(a).31 (b).48 (c).31

Front 317

You draw a card at random from a standard deck of cards of 52 cards. Find each of the following conditional probailites
(1)the card is heart: given that it is red
(2)the card is red:given that is a heart
(3)the card is an ace: given that it is red
(4)the card is queen: given that it is a face card

Back 317

(a).50 (b)1.00 (c).077 (d).333

Front 318

Supose you are to form a scatterplot by collecting data for the given pair variables. Determine the likely direction, form, and scatter

(1)high grade point average of students and studying consistently

Back 318

(1)direction=postive
(2)linear
(3)some scatter