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51 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
organism
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a living thing
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external stimulus
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a change in an organism's surroundings that causes the organism to react
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internal stimulus
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a change from within an organism, such as hunger and thirst, that causes an organism to respond
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response
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an action or change in behavior that occurs as a result of a stimulus
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stimulus
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a change in an organism's surroundings that causes the organism to respond
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fault
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a break or crack in the Earth's lithosphere along which rocks move
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fold
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a bend in rock that forms where part of Earth's crust is compressed
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igneous rock
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rock that forms from cooling of molten rock at or below the surface of Earth
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metamorphic rock
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rock that forms from an existing rock that is changed by heat, pressure, or chemical reactions
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rock cycle
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a series of processes on the surface and inside earth that slowly changes rocks from one kind to another
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sedimentary rock
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rock that forms when particles from other rocks or the remians of plants and animals are pressed and cemented together
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uplift
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pushing up of Earth's crust by forces within Earth; such as when two plates are moving towards each other
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condensation
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the change from the gaseous to the liquid state of matter; such as water vapor changing into water
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evaporation
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to change from a liquid or a solid into a vapor or gas; such as water evaporates when it is heated
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precipitation
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forms of water such as rain, snow, hail, or sleet that fall from clouds and reach Earth's surface
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water cycle
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continous process where water moves from the earth's surface to the atmosphere and back passing through living and non-living parts of the environment
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water vapor
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the invisible, gaseous form of water
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aquifer
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an underground layer of rock or soil that holds water
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ground water
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water which is naturally found in the Earth which comes to the surface through wells or springs
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impermeable
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characteristic of materials through which water does not easily pass, such as clay or granite
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permeable
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characteristic of materials such as sand and gravel which allow water to pass (flow) easily through them
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run-off
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movement of water across a land area
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saturated zone
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a layer of permeable rock or soil in which cracks and pores are completely filled with water
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unsaturated zone
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a layer of rocks and soil above the water table in which the pores contain air as well as water
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water table
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the top of the saturated zone, or depth to the groundwater in an aquifer
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watershed
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the land area that supplies water to a river system; separated by a divide
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air masses
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a huge body of air that has similar temperature, pressure, and humidity throughout
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atmosphere
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the mixture of gases that surrounds Earth. The outer most of the four spheres into which scientist divide Earth.
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continental (air mass)
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a dry air mass that forms over land
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fronts
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the area where air masses meet and do not mix
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maritime (air mass)
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a humid air mass that forms over oceans
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polar (air mass)
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a cold air mass that forms north of the 50 degree N.latitude & S. of the 50 degree S. latitude & has high air pressure
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tropical (air mass)
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a warm air mass that forms in the tropics and has low air pressure
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asteroid
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object revolving around the sun that is too small to be a planet
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asteroid belt
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region of the solar system between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter, where many asteroids are found
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comet
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a ball of ice and dustwhose orbit is a long, narrow eclipse
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meteorite
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a meteroid that has hit the Earth's surface
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meteor
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a streak of light in the sky produced by the burning of a meteooid in Earth's atmosphere
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meteoroid
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a chunk of rock or space dust in space
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moon
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a natural satellite that revolves around a planet
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planet
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an object in space that orbits around a star; they do not generate heat and light
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solar system
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a large planetary system that consists of a combination of many smaller planetary systems ans objects
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star
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a huge object in space made of gas and giving off light and heat from nuclear reactions; such as the sun
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astronaut
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a person specially trained to travel and work in space
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exploration
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to travel for the purpose of discovery
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probe
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unmanned spacecraft designed to explore the solar system and transmit data back to earth.
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rocket
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A vehicle or device propelled by one or more rocket engines; such as a vehicle designed to travel through space
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rover
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manned or unmanned vehicle, used especially in exploring the terrain of a planet and its satellites
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satellite
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any object that revolves around another object in space; natural or artificial
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space shuttle
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reusable spacecraft with wings for controlled descent in the atmosphere, designed to transport astronauts between Earth and an orbiting space station and also used to deploy and retrieve satellites
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space station
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large satellite equipped for humans; designed to orbit Earth for extended periods; serves as a base for exploration, conducting research, repairing satellites, ...
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