Spring 2017

Front 1

an area of biology that deals with living things

ordinarily too small to be seen without magnification

Back 1

Microbiology

Front 2

classification of organisms in an ordered system that indicates natural relationship

Back 2

Taxonomy

Front 3

Who's experiment is known as 'the first biological

experiment?

Back 3

Francesco Redi

Front 4

Who coined the term cell

Back 4

Robert Hooke

Front 5

Who is the first person who discovered and

described bacteria?

Back 5

Anton von Leeuwenhoek

Front 6

Micrographia is written by

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Robert Hooke

Front 7

Animalcules is written by

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Anton von Leeuwenhoek

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Heated gravy experiment

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John Needham

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Boiled gravy experiment

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Lazzaro Spallanzani

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Contagion

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Girolamo Fracostoro

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smallpox vaccination

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Edward Jenner

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London Cholera outbreak

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John Snow

Front 13

Virus

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Martinus Beijerinck

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Staining Method

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Christian Gram

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Chlorine water

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Ignaz Semmelweis

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Used phenol

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Joseph Lister

Front 17

Biochemistry and Metabolism

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Eduard Buchner

Front 18

Anthrax

P or K

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Koch

Front 19

Chemistry

P or K

Back 19

Pasteur

Front 20

Confirmed germ theory

P or K

Back 20

Koch

Front 21

Nobel prize

P or K

Back 21

Koch

Front 22

Pure culture

P or K

Back 22

Koch

Front 23

Rabies vaccine

P or K

Back 23

Pasteur

Front 24

Solid media

P or K

Back 24

Koch

Front 25

Tuberculosis bacteria

P or K

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Koch

Front 26

Wine

P or K

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Pasteur

Front 27

1. Microorganisms must be found in abundance in all organisms suffering fro the disease, but should not be found in healthy organisms

2. Microorganism must be isolated from a diseased organism and grown in pure culture

3. The cultured microorganism should cause disease when introduced into a healthy organism

4. Microorganism must be preisolated from the inoculated, deceased experimental host and identified as being identical to the original specific causative agent

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Koch's four postulates

Front 28

What is the function of Koch's postulates?

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narrow down which microorganism is causing disease

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Size of Cells: Prokaryotes & Eukaryotes

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Prokaryotes- small

Eukaryotes- Large

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Presence of nucleus

Pro/Euk

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Pro- NO

Euk- Yes

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Presence of ribosomes

P or E

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P- yes

E- yes

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Presence of complex organelles

P or E

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P- no

E- Yes

Front 33

study of bacteria

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bacteriology

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study of algae

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phycology

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study of virus

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virology

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study of fungi

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mycology

Front 37

Griffiths experiment

microorganism used?

Conclusion of experiment?

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Microorganism- streptococcus pneumonia

Conclusion- transforming principle

Front 38

Avery's experiment

Microorganism used?

Conclusion of experiment?

Back 38

Microorganism- streptococcus pneumonia

Conclusion- DNA is genetic material in cell

Front 39

Hershey and Chase's experiment

microorganism used?

Conclusion of experiment?

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microorganism- virus and E. coli

conclusion DNA is genetic material not protein

Front 40

Compared to conventional microscopes, electron microscopes differ in?

Back 40

1. Light source-electrons

2. high magnification

Front 41

The term 'Antibiotic' was coined by who?

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Selman Waksman

Front 42

Classes of protista are?

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protozoa and algae

Front 43

5 characteristics of living organisms

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1. DNA as genetics of living organisms

2. Metabolisms

3. Responds to stimuli

4. Reproduction

5. Adaptation

Front 44

Lab cultured E. coli has no more pathogenic function since it has grown in the optimal conditions such as nutrients and temperature and it has adjusted to the environment. What is the term explaining this type of adaptation process of organisms?

Back 44

Associative learning

Front 45

Living organism has the ability to maintain balanced/equilibrium condition against fluctuating environments such as internal temperature, pH and ionic concentration. What do you call this property of organism?

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Homeostasis

Front 46

Among infectious diseases __________ diseases are known for their high fatality.

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Respiratory

Front 47

_______diseases are a group of prevalent

infectious diseases, but relatively easy to control

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Diarrheal

Front 48

Among infectious diseases, the threat of ______

is constantly present through the history

especially among the populations of poverty or low income

Back 48

tuberculosis

Front 49

What are the two taxonomic groups of

prokaryotic organisms?

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Bacteria and Archae

Front 50

What are the 4 taxonomic groups of eukaryotic

organism?

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Plant

Animal

Fungi

Protists

Front 51

__________is a way that microorganisms can

communicate each other through the density

of chemicals.

Chemicals may work as an ________or

repellants.

Back 51

Quorum sensing

attractant

Front 52

Cell Theory

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1. All living organisms are composed of one or more cells

2. Cell is the basic unit of all organisms

3. All cells come from preexisting cells

Front 53

What are some common characteristics of living cells?

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1. DNA

2. plasma membrane

3. metabolism

4. protein synthesis-ribosomes (protein production)

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components of endomembrane system

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nuclear envelope

lysosomes

cell membrane

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shape of prokaryotes

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circular

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shape of eukaryote

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linear

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location where ATP is produced in prokaryote

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cytoplasm

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location where ATP is produced in eukaryote

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mitochondria

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presence of cilia in prokaryote

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no

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presence of cilia in eukaryote

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yes

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use of endomembrane system in prokaryote

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no

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use of endomembrane system in eukaryote

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yes

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function of smooth endoplasmic reticulum

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production of lipids

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function of golgi apparatus

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sorting proteins

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function of lysosomes

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digestion of foreign material

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function of mitochondria

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production of ATP

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function of chloroplasts

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photosynthesis

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function of cytoskeleton

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provides structural framework to the cell

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function of cell wall

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provides rigidity to the cell

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function of ribosomes

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production of proteins

Front 71

Flagella, cilia, and pseudopodia are involved

with cells ______________

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motility

Front 72

Explanation of mitochondria and chloroplasts as the organelles that are included bacterial cells

through evolutionary process is called _________

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Endosymbiosis