Spine

Front 1

Foraminal compression test: position and execution

Back 1

-sitting with head laterally flexed

-therapist places both hands on top of head and exerts a downward force

Front 2

Foraminal compression test: positive result and indication

Back 2

+ result: pain radiating in to the arm toward the flexed side

nerve root compression

Front 3

Vertebral artery test: position and execution

Back 3

- supine

-therapist places pts head into ext, lateral flex, and rotation to the SAME SIDE

Front 4

Vertebral artery test: positive result and indication

Back 4

+ result: dizziness, nystagmus, slurred speech or LOC,

compression of vertebral artery

* test prior to performing joint mobilization

Front 5

SI joint stress test (distraction): position and execution

Back 5

- supine

- cross arm pressure on patients ASIS

-therapist applies a downward and lateral force to pelvis

Front 6

SI joint stress test (distraction): positive result and indication

Back 6

+ result: unilateral pain in the SI joint or gluteal area

SI joint dysfunction

Front 7

sitting flexion test: position and execution

Back 7

-sitting with knees flexed to 90 and feet on the floor

-pt's hips should be abducted to allow pt to bend forward

-therapist places thumbs on inferior margin of PSIS nad monitors movement of bony structures as pt bends forward

Front 8

sitting flexion test: positive result and indication

Back 8

+ result: one PSIS moving first or further in a cranial direction

articular restriction

Front 9

standing flexion test: position and execution

Back 9

-standing with feet 12 in apart

-therapist places thumbs on inferior margin of PSIS and monitors movement during forward flex with knees extended

Front 10

standing flexion test: positive result and indication

Back 10

+ result: one PSIS moving farther in a cranial direction

articular restriction

Front 11

cervical spine loose packed position

Back 11

midway btn flex and ext

Front 12

cervical spine closed packed position

Back 12

extension

Front 13

cervical spine capsular pattern

Back 13

lateral flex=rotation, ext

Front 14

thoracic spine loose packed position

Back 14

midway between flex and ext

Front 15

thoracic spine close packed position

Back 15

extension

Front 16

thoracic spine capsular pattern

Back 16

lateral flex=rotation, ext

Front 17

Muscles: cervical flexion

Back 17

SCM

longus colli

scalenus

Front 18

muscles: cervical extension

Back 18

splenius cervicis

semispinalis cervicis

iliocostalis cervicis

longissimus cervicis

multifidus

trap

Front 19

muscles:cervical rotation and lateral bending

Back 19

SCM

scalenes

splenius cervicis

iliocostalis cervicis

longissimus cervicis

multifidus

levator scap

Front 20

muscles: thoracic and lumbar flex

Back 20

rectus abd

internal oblique

external oblique

Front 21

muscles: thoracic and lumbar ext

Back 21

erector spinae

QL

multifidus

Front 22

muscles: thoracic and lumbar rotation and lateral flex

Back 22

psoas major

QL

external oblique

internal oblique

multifidus

longissimus thoracis

iliocostalis thoracis

rotatores

Front 23

cervical spine flex ROM

Back 23

45

Front 24

cervical spine ext ROM

Back 24

45

Front 25

cervical spine lateral flexion ROM

Back 25

45

Front 26

cervical spine rotation ROM

Back 26

60

Front 27

thoracic and lumbar flex ROM

Back 27

80

Front 28

thoracic and lumbar ext ROM

Back 28

25

Front 29

thoracic and lumbar lateral flex ROM

Back 29

35

Front 30

thoracic and lumbar rotation ROM

Back 30

45

Front 31

Hautants test purpose

Back 31

differentiates vascular vs. vestibular causes of dizziness/vertigo

Front 32

Hautants test: position and execution

Back 32

2 steps:

- pt sitting, shoulders at 90 deg and palms up. have pt close eyes and maintain position for 30 sec

* if arms lose position--vestibular condition

- pt sitting, shoulders at 90 and palms up. close eyes and cue pt into head and neck ext with rotation right, then left, hold for 30 each position

* if arms lose position--vascular condition

Front 33

Transverse ligament stress test: position and execution

Back 33

supine, with head supported on table

glide C1 anteriorly--should be firm end feel

+ finding--soft end feel, lump in throat, dizziness, nystagmus, nausea

Front 34

Anterior shear test: position and execution

Back 34

supine, head supported on table

glide C2-7 anterior--should be firm

+ finding--laxity, dizziness, nystagmus, lump in throat, nausea

Front 35

Maximum cervical compression test purpose

Back 35

identifies compression of neural structures at intervertebral foramen or facet dysfunction

Front 36

Maximum cervical compression test: position and execution

Back 36

sitting, passively move head into side bending and rotation toward nonpainful side, followed by extension.

repeat to painful side

+ finding-- pain or paresthesia in dermatomal pattern for nerve root

localized pain for facet dysfunction

Front 37

Distraction test

Back 37

sitting, head passively distracted

+ finding--decrease in symptoms in neck or decrease upper limb pain

Front 38

shoulder abduction test purpose

Back 38

indicated compression of neural structures within intervertebral foraman

Front 39

shoulder abduction test procedure and result

Back 39

sitting, asked to place one hand on top of their head

+ finding-- decrease in symptoms into upper limb

Front 40

Lhermittes signs

Back 40

indicates dysfunction of spinal cord or UMN lesion

pt long sitting in table, passively flex patients head and one hip

+ finding--pain down spine into LE

Front 41

Romberg test

Back 41

identifies UMN lesion

standing, close eyes for 30 sec

+ finding-- excessive sway

Front 42

Rib springing

Back 42

evaluates rib mobility

start prone and PA force to each rib

repeat in sidelying

Front 43

Slump test

Back 43

sitting on edge of table

pt slumps

passively flex head and neck

passively extend knee

passively DF ankle

Front 44

Lasegues test (SLR)

Back 44

supine, passively flex hip with knee extended until pt complains of shooting pain into lower limb

slowly lower limb until pain subsides, then passively DF foot

+ finding--pain with DF

Front 45

Femoral nerve traction test

Back 45

lie on nonpainful side with trunk in neutral, head slightly flexed, and hip and knee flexed

passively extend hip while knee of painful limb is in extension

if no pain, flex knee of painful leg

Front 46

Quadrant test

Back 46

standing

intervertebral foramen-- cue pt in to side bending left , rotation left , and extension

facet dysfunction--cue pt into side bending left, rotation RIGHT, and extension

Front 47

Stork standing test

Back 47

identifies spondylolisthesis

pt standing on one leg

cue pt into trunk extension

+ finding--pain in low back with ipsilateral leg on ground

Front 48

McKenzies side glide test purpose

Back 48

differentiates btn scoliotic curvature vs neuro dysfunction causing abnormal curvature of trunk

Front 49

McKenzies side glide test procedure

Back 49

"lateral shift" noted during observation

standing, PT stand on side of pt that upper trunk is shifted toward you

place shoulders into patients upper trunk and wrap you arms around patients pelvis

stabilize upper trunk and pull pelvis to bring into proper alignment

Front 50

Bicycle (van Gelderens test) purpose

Back 50

differentiates between intermittent claudication and spinal stenosis

Front 51

Bicycle (van Gelderens test) procedure

Back 51

seated on stationary bike

time how long pt can ride at as set pace/speed

after rest period

have pt ride bike at same speed but slumped posture

+ finding-- spinal stenosis-- pt should be able to ride bike longer while slumped

Front 52

Gillets test purpose

Back 52

assessing posterior movement of ilium relative to sacrum

Front 53

Gillets test procedure

Back 53

pt standing

place thumb under PSIS of test side

other thumb on center of sacrum at same level of other thumb

ask pt to flex hip and knee in test side

PSIS SHOULD move INFERIOR direction

+ finding-- no identified movement of PSIS as compared to sacrum

Front 54

Ipsilateral anterior rotation test

Back 54

place thumb under PSIS of test limb

place other thumb on center of sacrum at same level of other thumb

ask pt to extend hip of test limb

PSIS SHOULD move SUPERIOR direction

+ finding-- no movement

Front 55

Gaenslens test

Back 55

SIJ dysfunction

pt sidelying at edge of table while holding bottom leg in max hip and knee flex

standing behind pt, passively extend top hip

+ pain

Front 56

Long sit to supine

Back 56

supine to long sitting position

hand on medial malleoli to assess

long to short=anterior rotation

short to long= posterior rotation

Front 57

Goldthwaits test purpose

Back 57

differentiates btn dysfunction in lumbar spine vs SIJ

Front 58

Goldthwaits test procedure

Back 58

pt supine with fingers btn spinous process of lumbar spine

with other hand, perform passive SLR

if pain presents prior to palpation of movement in lumbar segment, dysfunction is SIJ