Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Vertebral disk herniation usually occurs where
|
Between L5 and S1
|
|
|
The extent of the spinal cord in adults
|
Lower border of L1 - L2
|
|
|
Extent of the subarachnoid space in adults
|
Lower border of S2
|
|
|
Location of lumbar puncture
|
L3 - L4 or L4 - L5 interspaces
|
|
|
T/F: Lumbar puncture is performed at the level of the cauda equina
|
True
|
|
|
The 3 major tracts of the spinal cord
|
Dorsal column-medial lemniscal, spinothalamic tract, and lateral corticospinal tract
|
|
|
The dorsal column-medial lemniscal pathway mediates these 4
|
Ascending: Pressure, vibration, touch and proprioception
|
|
|
The spinothalamic tract mediates these 2
|
Ascending: Pain and temperature
|
|
|
The lateral corticospinal tract mediates
|
Descending voluntary movement of contralateral limbs
|
|
|
T/F: There is muscle weakness in UMN and LMN lesions
|
True
|
|
|
T/F: There is muscle atrophy in UMN lesion
|
False. Seen in LMN
|
|
|
T/F: Muscle fasciculations are seen in UMN lesions
|
False. Seen in LMN lesions
|
|
|
The difference in reflexes seen in UMN and LMN lesions
|
Reflexes are increased in UMN and reduced in LMN lesions
|
|
|
The difference in muscle tone seen in UMN and LMN lesions
|
Muscle tone is increased in UMN and reduced in LMN lesions
|
|
|
In which of motor neuron lesions is babinski reflex seen
|
UMN lesions
|
|
|
T/F: Spastic paralysis is seen in LMN lesions
|
False. Seen in UMN lesions only
|
|
|
T/F: Clasp knife spasticity is seen in UMN lesions only
|
True
|
|
|
What are the 1st order neurons of the dorsal column-medial lemniscal pathway
|
Sensory nerve endings
|
|
|
What are the first order neurons of the spinothalamic tract
|
Sensory nerve endings (A-delta and C fibers)
|
|
|
The first order neuron of the lateral corticospinal tract
|
Upper motor neurons
|
|
|
Location of the 1st order neurons in dorsal column-medial lemniscal pathway
|
Cell body in dorsal root ganglion
|
|
|
Location of the 1st order neuron of the spinothalamic tract
|
Cell body in dorsal root ganglion
|
|
|
Location of 1st order neuron in Lateral corticospinal tract
|
Primary motor cortex
|
|
|
Course of the 1st order neuron of the dorsal column-medial lemniscal pathway
|
Enters the spinal cord, ascends ipsilaterally in dorsal column and synapses in the medulla (ipsilateral nucleaus cuneatus or gracilis) with the 2nd order neuron
|
|
|
Course of the 1st order neuron of the spinothalamic tract
|
Enters the spinal cord and immediately synapses with the 2nd order neuron in the ipsilateral gray matter
|
|
|
Course of the 1st order neuron of the lateral corticospinal tract
|
Descends ipsilaterally (through internal capsule) until decussating at the caudal medulla (pyramidal decussation) and then descends contralaterally, synapsing with the 2nd order neuron at the anterior horn of spinal cord
|
|
|
Decussation and course of the 2nd order neuron of the dorsal column-medial lemniscal pathway
|
Decussates in the medulla, ascends contralaterally in the medial lemniscus and synapses with the 3rd order neuron in the VPL of thalamus
|
|
|
Decussation and course of the 2nd order neuron of the spinothalamic tract
|
Decussates at anterior white commisure, ascends contralaterally and synapses with the 3rd order neuron at the VPL of the thalamus
|
|
|
T/F: The 2nd order neuron of the lateral corticospinal tract does not decussate
|
True
|
|
|
Course of the 2nd order motor neuron of the lateral corticospinal tract
|
It is the LMN. From the anterior horn of spinal cord, it terminates at the neuromuscular junction
|
|
|
Course of the 3rd order neuron of the dorsal column-medial lemniscal pathway
|
Terminates in the sensory cortex
|
|
|
Course of the 3rd order neuron of the spinothalamic tract
|
Terminates in the sensory cortex
|
