Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
51 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Name the segments of the spinal cord |
• Cervical (C1--‐C8) • Thoracic (T1--‐T12) • Lumbar (L1--‐L5) • Sacral (S1--‐S5) • Coccygeal • Conus Medullaris (Medullary Cone) • Cauda equina |
|
|
Cervical - What's the difference between Vertebral column section and Spinal cord segment?
|
8 cervical spinal nerve pairs with only 7 cervical vertebrae - Cervical vertebral column: C1-C7 - Cervical spinal cord segment: C1-C8 (on C7 cervical vertebrae, there are 2 nerves, 1 superiorly and 1 inferiorly) -> C8 nerve exits below C7 vertebrae) |
|
|
Spinal nerve pairs' exit according to the vertebrae |
- CERVICAL: spinal nerves exit above corresponding vertebrae - THORACIC & LUMBAR: spinal nerves exit below corresponding vertebrae - SACRUM: spinal nerves exit below the corresponding sacral segment (through anterior and posterior sacral foramina) |
|
|
Where is Conus Medularis? |
level of L1/2 intervertebral disc |
|
|
Length of the spinal cord |
~43-45 cm |
|
|
What is the diameter of the thoracic segment?
|
~ 1 cm |
|
|
Origin of the nerve of upper limbs on the spinal cord |
Cervical enlargement: C5-T1 => form the Brachial Plexus (C5-T1) |
|
|
Origin of the nerve of lower limbs on the spinal cord |
Lumbar enlargement: L1-S4 => form the Lumbosacral Plexus (L1-S4) |
|
|
On the spinal cord, which segment is the "horses tail"? |
Cauda equina |
|
Identify the BLUE sections (structures of the spinal cord) |
- Anterolateral sulcus - Anterior median fissure |
|
Identify the WHITE sections (structures of the spinal cord) |
- Posterior median Sulcus - Posterolateral Sulcus |
|
|
Where are the GRAY and WHITE matter of the spinal cord? |
|
|
Where are the horns of the Spinal cord cross-section
|
- Posterior Horn - Anterior Horn |
|
Identify this (X section) |
Central Canal |
|
|
Identify the ARTERIES there are on the spinal cord. |
Arteries: - Spinal arteries - Radicular arteries - Segmental arteries |
|
|
How many SPINAL ARTERIES there are? |
3 - Spinal arteries: * 1 anterior * 2 posterior |
|
|
How many RADICULAR ARTERIES there are? |
2 Radicular arteries - 1 ant. - 1 post |
|
|
Where are the SEGMENTAL ARTERIES? |
|
|
|
Identify the VEINS there are on the spinal cord. |
Veins: - Spinal veins - Medial veins - Radicular veins - Segmental veins |
|
|
VEINS vs ARTERIS - Which veins = same place as the arteries
|
* SPINAL arteries (1 ant. + 2 post.) --- SPINAL veins (1 ant.+1post.) * RADICULAR arteries & veins * SEGMENTAL arteries & veins |
|
|
Which vein of the spinal cord doesn't have arteries going along with it?
|
MEDIAN vein
|
|
|
Location - MEDIAN vein vs SPINAL vein |
|
|
|
MENINGES of the Spinal Cord - Enumerate them |
* Dura mater * Arachnoid mater * Pia mater |
|
MENINGES - Identify them |
|
|
|
What are the contents of DURA MATER (tough mother)? |
Epidural space |
|
|
What are the contents of ARACHNOID MATER (cob-web-like)? |
o Subarachnoid space (arachnoid mater = between subdural space & subarachnoid space) o Arachnoid trabeculae o Lumbar cistern |
|
|
What are the contents of PIA MATER (tender mother? |
o Denticulate ligaments (= filaments attaching the pia mater to arachnoid & dura mater) o Filum terminale (= thin filament from the pia mater) (i think)... |
|
|
Where is Denticulate ligament? |
ON the pia mater |
|
Identify this |
Lumbar cistern |
|
|
Name the spaces between the meninges |
- Extradural/ epidural - Subdural - Subarachnoid |
|
Extradural/ epidural space - location (wiki) |
between the spinal dura mater and the vertebral column |
|
Subdural - location (wiki) |
between dura mater & arachnoid mater |
|
Subarachnoid - location (wiki) |
between the arachnoid mater and the pia mater |
|
Definition of MYOTOME & DERMATOME |
. |
|
|
3 dermatomes to remember (important!) |
• T4–Nipple • T6– Xiphoid Process • T10–Umbilicus (=the navel) |
|
|
Clinically, why is it important to be aware of the dermatomes of the body? |
|
|
|
Describe the DIVISION of a Spinal nerve |
Rootlets -> Roots -> Nerve -> Rami (plural for ramus) |
|
|
DORSAL vs VENTRAL - Which has a ganglion? |
Dorsal root ganglion |
|
|
Where the spinal nerve pairs exit? And the nerve exits through what? |
vertebral column, through the intervertebral foramen |
|
|
How does Sensory & Motor information travel in and out the spinal nerve? |
|
|
|
What is an AFFERENT nerve? |
Bring sensory information from periphery to CNS via the dorsal root - “in the DOR(sal), out the VENT(ral)” |
|
|
What is an EFFERENT nerve? |
Transmit motor commands from the CNS to the periphery via the ventral root - “in the DOR(sal), out the VENT(ral)” |
|
|
Different between SOMATIC nervous system & AUTONOMIC nervous system |
|
|
|
Which parts SOMATIC nervous system & AUTONOMIC nervous system innervate? |
|
|
|
Which plexus of SOMATIC NERVOUS system innervate the corresponding limb? |
* Brachial Plexus * Lumbosacral Plexus |
|
|
Precise the nerves of the Brachial Plexus & Lumbosacral Plexus? |
* Brachial Plexus (C5-T1) * Lumbosacral Plexus (L1-S4) |
|
|
The SOMATIC nervous system & AUTONOMIC nervous system take part of which nervous system? |
PERIPHERAL nervous system |
|
What are the 2 big nervous systems? |
- Central nervous system - Peripheral nervous system |
|
|
Central nervous system - what are the components? |
- Brain - Spinal cord (spinal nerve pairs/ segments) |
|
|
What is a neuron? |
o Basic unit of the nervous system – nerves are composed of neurons o Cell specializing in information transmission through electrical and chemical signaling |
|
|
What are the components of a neuron? |
cell body, dendrites, axon |
