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60 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Stage Fright
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Anxiety over the prospect of giving a speech infront of an audience.
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Adrenaline
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a hormone released inti the bloodstream in responce to physical or mental stess
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Positive Nervousness
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controlled nervousness that helps energize a speaker for her or his presentation.
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Visualization
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Mental imaging in which a speaker vividly pictures himself or herself giving a successful presentation.
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7 elements of communication
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1. Situational
2. Message 3. Feedback 4. Speaker 5. Listener 6. Channel 7. Interference |
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Situational
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Environment:
sit/stand temp. lighting |
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Message
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Topic, organization
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Channel
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Phone, computers, voice, or non verbal
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Frame of Reference
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Everything that makes you who you are. Ex- experience, knowledge, environment
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Ethnocentrism
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THe belief that one's own group or culture is superior to all other groups or cultures
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Situational
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Environment:
sit/stand temp. lighting |
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Message
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Topic, organization
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Channel
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Phone, computers, voice, or non verbal
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Frame of Reference
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Everything that makes you who you are. Ex- experience, knowledge, environment
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Ethnocentrism
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THe belief that one's own group or culture is superior to all other groups or cultures
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Ethics
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The branch of philosophy that deals with issues of right and wrong in human affairs.
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Plagiarism
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Presenting another persons language or ideas as ones own
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Global Plagiarism
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stealing a speech entirely from a single source
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Patchwork Plagiarism
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Stealing ideas or languages from 2 or 3 sources
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Incremental Plagerism
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Failing to give credit
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Perception
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Using all 5 of your sences to get to know the world around you. Giving meaning to the sensory input. How you know what you know.
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Stages of perception
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1. Bombarded by sensory info
2. Selecting of what sensory info u attend to 3. Organization 4. Interpretation of that sensory info (give it meaning) |
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Factors that influence Perciption
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Background, experiences, age, maturity level, peer pressure.
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Egocentrism
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The tendency of people to be concerned above all with their own values, beliefs, and well being.
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Rhetorical Question
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A question that the audience answers mentally rather than out loud
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Spare Brain Time
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The difference between the rate at which most peopel talk.
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Active listening
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Giving undivided attention to a speaker in a genuine effot to understnad the speakers point of view
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Demographic audience analysis
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Audience anaylsis that focuses on demographic factors such as age, gender, relihgion, ect.
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Sterotyping
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Creating an oversimplified image of a particular group of people, usually by assuming that all memebers of the group are alike
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Brainstorming
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A method of generating ideas for a speech topic by free assosication of words and ideas
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Situational audience analysis
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Audience analysis that focuses on situational factors such as the size of the audence.
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Fixed alternative questions
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Questions that offer a fixed choice between 2 or more alternatives
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Scale questions
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questions that require responces at a fixed interval along a scale of answers
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Open-ended questions
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questions that allow respondents to answer however they want
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catalogue
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a listing of all the books and other resouces owned at a library
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abstract
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a summary of a magizine or journal article, written by someone other than the original author.
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Supporting material
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the materials used to support a speakers ideas. the 3 major kinds of supporting materials are examples, stats, and testimony.
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statistics
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numerical data
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testimony
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quotes or paraphrases used to support a point
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expert testimony
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testimony from people who are recognzed experts in their fields
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main points
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the major points developed in the body of a speech
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signpost
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a very brief statement that indicates where a speaker is in the speech or that fouses attention on key ideas.
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5 items needed in introduction
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1. attention getter
2. reveal topic 3. relate topic to audience 4. credibility statements 5. preview main points |
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3 items needed in conclusion
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1. signal for closing
2. summary of main points 3. concluding device |
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alliteration
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repetition of the initial consonant sound of close or adjoining words
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nonverbal communication
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communication based on a persons use of voice and body rather than on the use of words
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conversationsl quality
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presenting a speech so it sounds spontaneous no matter how many times it has been rehearsed
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question of fact
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a question about the truth or falsity of an assertion
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question of value
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a question about the worth, rightness, morality, and so forth of an idea or action
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question of policy
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a question about whether or not a specific course of action should or should not be taken
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ethos
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the name used by aristotle for what modern students of communication refer to as credibiliy
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logos
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the name used by aristotle for the logical appeal of a speaker. the 2 major elements of logos are evidence and reasoning.
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pathos
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the name used by aristotle for what modern students of communication refer to as emotional appeal
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dyad
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a group of 2 people
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small group
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3-12 people
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implied leader
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a group member choosen because of rank, expertise, age, ect.
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emergent leader
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a group member who emerges as a leader during groups deliberations
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designated leader
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a group member who is elected or appointed as leader when the group is formed
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procedural needs
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when and where group may meet
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symosium
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individual prepared speech, different aspects of same topic
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