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85 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Speech may be delivered to a patient by means of:
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> MLV monitored live voice
>Tape or CD recording via earphones or loud speakers |
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What type of measurements can we make of conducting a speech audiometry test?
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>Patients Treshold of Audibility
>Word Recognition >Most comfortable & uncomfortable HL |
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Why is Speech Audiometry helpful?
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>It can help us Diagnose the Type & Degree of hearing impairment
>In the location of site of lesion >Rehabilitative measures (ex. hearing aids) >Determining the reliability of other hearing tests such as the Pure Tone Audiogram |
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What is the highest Word-Recognition Score obtainable from an individual regardless of Sensation Level?
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PB Max
Phonetically Balanced Score |
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Rapidly delivered and monotonous and unemotional speech
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Cold Running Speech
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A test that uses pictures to determine word recognition scores for children
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WIPI Test
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The intensity (in dB HL) at which speech is judged to be most comfortably loud
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Most comfortable loudness
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Introduction of speech through a microphone during speech audiometry
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Monitored Live Voice-MLV
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Monosyllabic words containing three phonemes each that are used in word recognition tests
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CNC words
Consonant nucleus consonant |
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A two syllable word used in speech audiometry that has equal stress on both syllables
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Spondee word or spondaic word
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A device used for measurement of speech recognition thresholds and word recognition scores
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Diagnostic Audiometer
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The lowest intensity at which 50% of a list of spondees ( speech) can be barely recognized /understood
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Speech Recognition Treshold -SRT
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PB Max PB Min PB Max
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Roll over Ratio
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The lowest level at which an individual can detect the PRESENCE of speech and recognize it as speech
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Speech Detection Treshold
SDT |
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A list of monosyllabic words used for determination of word recognition scores
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PB Word List
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The hearing level at which speech becomes uncomfortably loud
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Uncomfortable loudness level
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The difference (in dB) between the treshold for speech and and level at which speech becomes uncomfortably loud
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Range of comfortable loudness
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A graph showing the percentage correct on word recognition tests as a function of intensity
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PI/ PB
Performance Intensity and Phonetically Balanced Score |
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A closed message word recognition testwith emphasis on unvoiced consonants
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California Consonant Test
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A closed set word-recognition test
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Rhyme Test
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A short phrase that precedes the stimulus word during speech audiometry
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Carrier Phrase
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The slope of the normal PI/PB function averages percent per dB
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2 or 2.5 %
Result is reported in % |
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The word recognition score expected of a patient with moderate conductive hearing loss is
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100 %
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RCL (DR) is determined by the difference in (dB) between
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UCL and SRT
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The last word of the carrier phrase in word recognition testing with PB word lists should
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strike 0 on the volume units (VU) meter
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The relationship between SRT and SDT is usually
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SRT 10 dB higher or (poorer) than SDT
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The PI function for spondees is usually
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Steeper than for PB's
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The word-recognition score expected of a patient with a mild cochlear hearing loss is
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80
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In audiograms showing sharply falling (in the higher frequencies) sensorineural hearing loss, the SRT is best predicted by the average of the tresholds at ___
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500 and 1000 Hz
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SRT's are usually measured with
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Spondaic words
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Word recognition scores are most commonly determined by using
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PB word lists
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PB Max- PB Min/ PB Max is the formula for:
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Roll over ratio
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The lowest intensity at which 50% of a list of words can be recognized
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SRT
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The tolerance limit for the intensity of speech
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UCL
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The relationship between PB max and PB minimum
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Roll Over Ratio
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A word recognition test emphasizing high frequency sounds
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California Consonant
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A closed set word recognition test for children
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WIPI
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The lowest level at which it is possible to be aware of speech
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SDT
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The words preceding the stimulus word during speech recognition testing
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Carrier Phrase
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The difference (in dB) between the SRT and the UCL
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RCL
Range of Comfortable Loudness |
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SRT
UCL |
Speech Recognition Test
Uncomforatble loudness Level |
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A closed-set speech recognition test on which the words differ by only one phoneme
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Rhyme Test
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Speech that is rapid and unemotional
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Cold Running Speech
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The intensity at which speech is found to be MOST desirable in terms of loudness
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MCL
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Use of a microphone during speech audiometry
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MLV
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Stimuli used for word recognition that contain two consonants and a nucleus
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CNC words
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A two syllable word with equal stress on both syllables
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Spondee
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The highest word recognition score obtainable regardless of intensity
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PB Max
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What do we use with a MLV in the test environment?
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A VU meter
to look at voice and a separate room for the pt. |
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When using Prerecorded materials we need to adjust what on our audiometer?
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Adjust the attenuator by adjusting dB
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What is the advantange of using prerecorded materials?
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The absence of inconsistency between the examiners voices and mannerisms
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What do MOST clinicians use?
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Most use MVL because of
flexibility saves time |
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How can patients respond to an examiner?
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Spoken Response
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What are the advantages of having a spoken response from a patient?
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Faster
Rapport maintained by clinician and Client |
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What are the disadvantages of having a patient give you a spoken response?
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Client may have poor or unintelligible speech a distorted version of what they hear
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Name all the types of patient reponses?
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Spoken Response
Written Reponse |
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Advantanges of written responses?
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Provides a permanent record
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Disadvantages of written responses ?
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slows down the testing process
Takes time to score |
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Name the five measures to consider?
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SDT speech detection treshold or SAT speech awareness level
SRT speech recognition treshold or ocassionally ST spondee treshold or speech reception treshold MCL most comfortable loudness level UCL uncomfortable loudness level WRS word recognition score |
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When using spodee words as part of Speech recognition we call it?
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Spondee Treshold or ST
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When we use word lists what should the clinician do?
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The clinician should specify the specific word list used
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When using spondee words the clinician should?
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Name it ST or Spondee Treshold
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What is the definition for SDT?
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It is the lowest level in dB that a person can just detect the presence of speech and identify it as speech 50% of the time
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What is the stimulus for a SDT Test?
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Usually sentences or cold running speech
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When do we use the SDT test?
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Uncooperative children
not a popular measure because of the lack of revelant information |
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Define SRT? or
Speech Recognition Test |
The lowest level in dB that a person can identify correctly 50% of the time
Now we have to have an understanding of the material and repeat it back |
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What is the stimulus for SRT testing?
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Spondaic words or spondees
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Hudgins et al. (1947) investigated words for use in SRT testing and suggested the words should satisfy four criteria:
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familiarity
phonetic dissimilarity normal sampling of English speech Homegeneity with respect to audibility = all understood and all heard |
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What is the definition of a spondee word?
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It is a two syllable word spoken with equal stress on each syllable
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Examples of spondee words are?
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airplane
toothbrush hotdog sidewalk The key is to say each word with equal stress |
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According to the author of the text book spondees do not occur in Spoken English?
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They do not occur naturally but it is POSSIBLE by altering stress slightly to force such common words as baseball, hotdog and toothbrush to comform to th spondaic configuration.
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Whether spondees are spoken into the microphone or introduced bytape or disk what does the clinician need to do?
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BOTH syllables of the word should peak at zero VU.
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When using prerecorded list of spondaic words what needs to be done?
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A calibration tone recorded on a special band should be found
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The calibration done for spondaic word lists (SRT) should:
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The calibration signal is played long enough so that the gain control for the VU meter can be adjusted with the needle at zero VU.
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The ASHA method 1988 for determining SRT involves:
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1-Familiarze the pt. w/spondaic words in the word list to b used
2- Ensure that the vocabulary is familiar 3- Establish that each word can be recognized auditorily 4- Ascertain that the patients responses can be understood by the clinician |
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ASHA recommends using the ascending technique using 5dB steps from pure tone audiometry .Threshold Level for Speech should include a list of spondaic words of which 28 are from the ClD W- 1 and W-2 lists and eight are other alternatives from the original PAL lists. This modified list represented an effort to increase phonetic dissimilarity and improve homogeneity of audibility.
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Remember
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What is the relationship between SRT and SDT and the Pure Tone Audiogram?
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The SRT is always higher (requires greater intensity) than the SDT
the magnitude does not normally exceed 12dB however it may change with shape of pure tone audiogram |
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Cross hearing in SRT hearing?
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the SRT of the test ear should be compared to the lowest (best) bone conduction threshold of the nontest ear at 500,1000, 2000, or 4000 Hz
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Most Comfortable Loudness level stimulus?
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Cold running Speech and should be made continous
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UCL is also called?
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Threshold of discomfort -TD
Tolerance level- Loudness discomfort level (LDL) |
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Is UCL much lower than SRT?
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Yes
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The Range of Uncomfortable (RCL) level is computed by:
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It is the difference between SRT and the UCL
SRT-UCL= RCL |
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Patients with conductive hearing losses show improved speech recognition when loudness is inceased?
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TRUE
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Many patients with sensorineural problems complaint that even when sounds are made louder they are not clearly recognizable
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They say "I can hear, but can't understand"
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The Administration of Speech Recognition Tests?
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Prerecorded material over MLV
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