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40 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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what are the 5 special senses |
vision taste smell hearing balance/ equilibrium |
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what % of the body's sensory receptors are in the eye |
70% |
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accessory structures of the eye |
eyebrow eyelid conjunctiva lacrimal apparatus (formation of tears) extrinsic eye muscles |
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function of the eyebrows |
shade eye from sunlights prevent perspiration from reaching eye |
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what gives the eyelid mobility? |
levator palpeerde superioris |
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what are the lubricating glands associated with the eyelids |
tarsal glands ciliary glands |
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what is the transparent mucous membrane covering the eye |
conjunctiva |
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what are the 6 extrinsic eye muscles? |
superior, inferior, medial and lateral rectus muscles superior and inferior oblique muscles |
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3 layers of the wall of the eye? |
fibrous vascular inner |
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what are the 2 regions of the outermost (fibrous) layer? |
sclera cornea |
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what is the 'white of the eye' called? |
Sclera |
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describe the choroid |
a blood vessel rich , dark membrane, which nourishes all of the eyes lens |
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Describe ciliary muscles |
consists of smooth muscles which control lens shape |
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describe the optic disc |
where the optic nerve exits the eye weak spot in the fundas (posterior wall) of the eye not reinforced by the sclera |
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characteristics of rods |
-dim light and peripheral vision receptors -more numerous and far more sensitive than cones -do not provide sharp images or colour vision |
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characteristics of cones |
-our vision receptors for bright lights -provide high resolution colour vision |
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describe vitreous humor |
transmits lights, supports the lens and contributes to intrasocular pressure |
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aqueous humor |
clear fluid, and drains continuously |
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what is refraction? |
the bending of light rays |
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what is accommodation? |
the process that increases the refractory power (bending) of the lens. |
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what is the closest point on which we can focus clearly called? |
near point of vision |
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describe constriction |
the sphincter papillae muscles of the iris enhance the effect of accomodation by reducing the size of the pupil. |
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define convergence |
when we fixate on a close object our eyes converge (crosseyed) the closer the object, the greater degree of convergence |
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myopia |
people can see close objects but their distance is blurred |
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hyperopia |
Occurs when light rays from distant objects focus behind the retina. people with hyperopia can see distance objects but objects that are close are blurred. |
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what are the gustory epithelial cells |
receptor cells for taste |
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5 basic taste sensations |
sweet-organic sour- acids salty- metal bitter- alkaloids umani- elicited by amino acids |
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the ear is divided into 3 major areas |
external middle internal ear |
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what is the boundary between the outer and middle ear |
Tympanic membrane |
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What are the 3 small bones of the ear? |
mallus (hammer) incus (anvil) stapes (stirrup) |
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what is the fluid in the ear called? |
prei-lymph |
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what are the 3 chambers of the cochlea |
scala vestibular scala media scala tympanic |
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other names for ear |
auricle pinna |
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important parts of the lacrimal diagram |
lacrimal gland excretory ducts lacrimal sac lacrimal punctum lacrimal canaliculus nasolacrimal duct inferior meatus of nasal cavity nostril |
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labelling labyrinth of the internal ear |
- semicircular ducts in semicircular canals - utricle in vestibule -saccule in vestibule -cochlear duct |
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define emmetropia |
the normal refractive condition of the eye in which with accommodation relaxed parallel rays of light are all brought accurately to a focus upon the retina |
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what is anosmia? |
loss of smell |
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what are taste and smell receptors called? |
chemoreceptors |
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what is pink eye? |
inflammation of the conjunctiva |
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at what Db does hearing loss occur? |
More than 90 |
