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54 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
a signal voltage range over 4 db.
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line level
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a unit for expressing the intensity of sound; the smallest change in loudness that the human ear can detect
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decibel
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Unit for expressing frequency
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hertz
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three categories of sound in a theatrical application
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music, effects, and reinforcement
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three times during a production that music is generally used for
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preshow, intermission, and postshow
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this particular category of sound is often the most difficult job for the sound designer
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effects
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this element of sound is used to enhance the loudness of the actors voices when the acoustics of an auditorium are poor.
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reinforcement
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reinforcement is generally accomplished through the use of what?
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microphones
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What must a sound designer achieve when reinforcing?
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A balance between the room’s natural sound and the enhanced sound
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how many times the tympanic membrane hits our ear in hertz in a certain given time.
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frequency
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a minimum amount a human ear can hear is _____ vibrations per second hertz
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20
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the characteristic tone produced by a vibrating body
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pitch
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the higher number of vibrations per second (frequency), the _______ the pitch.
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higher
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a low pitch = _____
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20 hz
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a high pitch = ______
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17,000 hz
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The loudness of a frequency measured in decibles
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intensity
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the distinctive quality of a sound that distinguishes one voice, musical instrument, or sound from another of the same pitch and intensity; harmonics
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timbre
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List the basic accoustic properties:
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absorption, reflection, and reverberation
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changes sound waves into something electronic
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transducer
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a low frequency speaker with a frequency range of 20Hz to approximately 150-250 Hz
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Woofers
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__________ are enclosed in their own cabinet complete with ports and baffles to provide the lowest frequencies possible
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Subwoofers
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A speaker designed to reproduce the middle range of audio frequencies roughly between 200-1000 Hz
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Mid-Range Speakers
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High frequency speakers designed to reproduce frequencies 1000 to 20,000 Hz
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Tweeters
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A unit housing a large magnet that vibrates a very thin metallic diaphragm; creates mid and high frequency sounds
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Pressure Driver
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A dispersion device attached to a high pressure driver that directs the sound created by the driver into a specific pattern
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Horn
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a very sensitive microphone used in recording studios; a tiny ribbon connected to an electromagnet--when sound waves hit the ribbon, it vibrates the magnet that sends the signal.
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Ribbon Microphone
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This microphone has a membrane connected to a coil that is wrapped around an electromagnet
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Dynamic microphone
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This microphone is the best of both worlds (dynamic and ribbon) that has electricity running through the electromagnet
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Condenser microphone
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This microphone picks up sound everywhere
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Omnidirectional
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The microphone picks up sound from one side
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Cardioid
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a device used to boost the electrical signal received from a transducer to a level that will drive a loudspeaker
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Amplifier
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electronic device used to mix the output signal of a variety of sources (i.e. microphone, tape deck, CD player, instruments etc.)
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Mixer
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With this device, signals can be altered, enhanced and blended together and then sent on to other equipment, such as equalizers and amplifiers
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Mixer
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A ______ can be used for both recording and playback
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Mixer
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Name the three parts of the mixer board.
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Input, effects, and Output
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two parts of the input level:
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line and mic
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a voltage range of 4 db and under.
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mic level
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this device allows the design to alter groups of frequencies based on the low, mid-low, mid-high, and high frequencies
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parametric equalizer
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this will send a signal wherever you tell it to go (speaker SR, speaker BOH, etc.)
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auxiliary send
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Can send or split the signal from right, left, or both speakers
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Pan
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If the _____ is on then all the buttons are bypassed, the only thing that works is the signal going through
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prefade
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Adjusts the level of the sound coming in and going out
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Fader
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Boosts an individual signal temporarily
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solo
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sends signal to main outputs (left, right, middle, etc.)
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mix
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Keeps you on track for the signal reaching its max or not
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Bar-Graph Metere
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controls the master volume of the auxiliary or fx
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Auxiliary and FX Output Masters
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Effects processor
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Lexicon Adjustments
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List the 5 parts of the console controls
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phantom power, instrument input, line input, mic input, and direct output
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all the frequencies the human ear can hear all at once
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white noise
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certain frequencies are let through
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pink noise
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an equalizer with individual slide controls affecting specific segments of the sound spectrum
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graphic equalizer
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when vibrations are absorbed
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absorption
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when vibrations bounce back (sent back)
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reflection
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when vibrations bounce back and against each other, creating an echo effects
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reverberation
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