Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What does it mean for a solution to be metastable?
|
Excess solute will crystallize if the solution is shaken or if a seed crystal is added to start the crystallization process.
|
|
What are weak electrolytes?
|
Compounds that dissociate/ionize only slightly when dissolved in water; the solutions conduct electricity, but not well.
|
|
How does pressure affect the solubility of a gas?
|
Greater pressure increases the solubility of the gas.
|
|
What is Raoult's law?
|
P(actual)=P(solvent)X(solvent)
actual vapor pressure is equal to the vapor pressure of the solvent times the mole fraction of the solvent. |
|
How does the addition of a solute affect the vapor pressure of a solvent?
|
A solute decreases the vapor pressure of a solvent.
|
|
Explain "like dissolves like"
|
Solutions can be made from solutes and solvents with similar polarities, but not from solutes and solvents that have different polarities.
|
|
Define Solubility.
|
Solubility is the quantitative term for the maximum amount, in units of grams per liter, of solute that can dissolve in a solvent.
|
|
How does temperature affect solubility for solids and gases?
|
An increase in temperature increases the solubility of solids in a liquid and decreases the solubility of gases in a liquid.
|
|
What is ionization?
|
Ionization is when molecular compounds break apart into ions when dissolved in water.
|
|
What is dissociation?
|
Dissociation is the separation of ions in an ionic compound when it is dissolved.
|
|
What is a strong electrolyte?
|
Ionic compounds that are soluble in water.
|
|
What happens when a weak electrolyte reacts with water?
|
Equilibrium results.
|
|
When is molarity roughly equal to molality?
|
In dilute aqueous solutions.
|
|
What is an ideal solution?
|
A solution where the energy used to disrupt the intermolecular forces in the solvent and solute is exactly balanced by the energy released when the solution forms.
|
|
How does the addition of a solute affect a solution's boiling and freezing point?
|
Boiling point is raised, freezing point is lowered.
|