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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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General order of Master soil horizons |
O,A,E,B,C,R |
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Transition horizons |
Occur between two master horizons and have properties of both |
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Lithologic Discontinuity |
2 parent materials on top of each other? ex glacia, outwash with ash on top |
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Bt |
B horizon with clay |
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Bk |
B horizon with chalk |
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Bs |
B horizon with iron or aluminum oxides illuviated |
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Bo |
iron or aluminum oxides accumulated (usually due to intense weathering. Oxisol!!! |
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Bw |
Distinct color or structure Significant alteration of parent material |
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Bh |
illuvial organic matter |
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Bg |
Horizon has gray colors, associated with higher water table |
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Bx |
Fragipan (dense, Brittle) |
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Bkm |
Horizon is cemented by CaCO3 |
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O horizon |
Organic matter that has turned to soil via decomposition |
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A horizon |
Primarily mineral, darkened by organic material |
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Where do soil profiles start? |
O profiled not included in soil profile measurement |
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E horizon |
Elluvial horizon/washed out Minerals get leeched out of higher horizons and get deposited below Climate is important for formation Vegetation affects the formation of E horizons |
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B horizon |
Zone of accumulation Illuvial/Accumulation due to a transfer of materials You will always find a B horizon under an E horizon but it doesn't work the other way around |
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C horizon |
Unconsolidated and relatively unsorted parent material |
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R horizon |
Hard consolidated bedrock |
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Will you ever see a horizon labelled as O? |
No. O horizons will always have a subordinate distinction |
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Ol |
Slightly decomposed organic matter |
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Oe |
Moderatly decomposed organic matter (peat) |
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Oa |
Highly decomposed organic matter |
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Other master horizons may or may not have subordinate distinctions |
Ap= Plowed horizon Ab= Buried horizon Cr=Soft or weathered bedrock |
