Sociology Unit 8

Front 1

Social Stratification

Back 1

Refers to the way in which society is organized in layers or data

Front 2

Income quintile share

Back 2

measures the share of total income earned by each income ranked fifth of the population

Front 3

Gini Coefficient

Back 3

reports the proportion of total income that would have to be redistributed for perfect equality to exist.

Front 4

Human Capital

Back 4

is the sum of useful skills and knowledge that an individual possesses

Front 5

Social Capital

Back 5

refers to the networks or connections that individuals possess

Front 6

Cultural Capital

Back 6

is the stock of knowledge, tastes, and habits that legitimize the maintenance of status and power

Front 7

Low-Income cutoff

Back 7

is statistic Canada's term for the income threshold below which a family devotes at least 20% more of its income to the necessities of food, shelter, and clothing than does an average family

Front 8

Feudalism

Back 8

was a legal arrangement in preindustrial Europe that bound peasants to the land and obligated them to give their landlords a set part of the harvest. In exchange, landlords were required to protect peasants from marauders and open their storehouses to feed the peasants if crops failed.

Front 9

Class Consciousness

Back 9

refers to being aware of membership in a class

Front 10

Class

Back 10

in Marx sense of the term is determined by a person relationship to the means of production. In webers usage class is determined by a person market situation.

Front 11

Bourgeoisie

Back 11

are owners of the means of production, including factories, tools, and land. They do not do any physical labor. Thier income derives from profits.

Front 12

Proletariat

Back 12

in Marx's usage is the working class. Members of the proletariat do physical labor but do not own means of production. They are thus in position to earn wages.

Front 13

Petite Bourgeoise

Back 13

in Marx usage, is the class of small scale capitalists who own means of production but employ only a few workers or none at all , forcing them to do physical work themselves.

Front 14

Functional Theory of stratification

Back 14

argues that some jobs are more important than others are and people must make sacrifices to train for important jobs, and inequality is required to motivate people to undergo three sacrifices.

Front 15

Parties

Back 15

in webers usage are organizations that seek to impose their will on others.

Front 16

Power

Back 16

is the ability to impose one's will on others despite resistance.

Front 17

Authority

Back 17

is legitimate, institutionalized power

Front 18

Intragenerational mobility

Back 18

is social mobility that occurs within a single generation.

Front 19

Intergenerational mobility

Back 19

is social mobility that occurs between generations

Front 20

Socioeconomic status

Back 20

combines data on income, education and occupational perstige in a single index of a person's positition in the socioeconomic herachy