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31 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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conformity
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A change in behavior due to the real or imagined influence of other people
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Muzafer Sherif
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autokenetic effect: The autokinetic effect refers to perceiving a stationary point of light in the dark as moving. Psychologists attribute the perception of movement where there is none to "small, involuntary movements of the eyeball"
....... influenced by suggestion |
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asch experiment
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students told to describe length of line= they were influenced by other people's answers even when they were wrong
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barriers to independent behavior
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1dissaproval from group members 2.lack of percieved alternatives 3.fear of disrupting group goals 4. lack of communication 5. no feeling of responsibility 6. sense of powerlessness.
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Cesare Lombroso
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thought all criminals were lower on evolutionary scale
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Signs of atavasm or criminality
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larrge forehead, large jaw, sparse beard, projecting chin, broad cheek bones, long arms harry body
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William Sheldon = somatotypes
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ectomorph=tall skinny introverted... 2. Endomorph fat short sociable... 3. mesomorph= assertive tall muscular
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acts mala in se
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evil in and of themselves
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Acts mala prohibita
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evil because they break the rules
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legal impossibility
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it is impossible to commit a crime by doing an act that isn't against the law
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NOrmative impossibility
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it is impossible to commitan act of deviance by doing an act that doesn't violate a norm
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Conformiy
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accept culturally given goals/ accept legitimate means of achievement
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Innovation
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Accept cultural goals/ reject legitimate means
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ritualism
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reject cultural goals/ accept legitimate means and the institutions.
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retreatism
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reject cultural goals/ reject legitimate means of achievement
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NOrmative impossibility
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it is impossible to commitan act of deviance by doing an act that doesn't violate a norm
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Conformiy
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accept culturally given goals/ accept legitimate means of achievement
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Innovation
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Accept cultural goals/ reject legitimate means
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ritualism
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reject cultural goals/ accept legitimate means and the institutions.
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retreatism
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reject cultural goals/ reject legitimate means of achievement
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Cloward and Ohlins theory
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Added to anomie. deviance is present when the oppurtunity to learn deviant behaviors exists
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Sutherland/differential association
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This theory holds that deviance is learned in much the same way that lawful or conforming behaviors are learned. According to the theory, each person is surrounded by people, definitions, norms, and behavior patterns that differ in that some are favorable to law violation while others are not.
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control theory
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A theory that stresses how weak bonds between the individual and society free people to deviate. By contrast, strong bonds make deviance costly
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Social mobility
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Chnges in peoples position in the social heirarchy; esp. occupational changes
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Closed vs. Opem systems
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The difference has to do with how much opportunity exists
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Opportunity
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Degree to which social status depends on individual merit rather than inherited advantages or disadvantages
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vertical mobility
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movement up or down the social hierarchy
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Horizontal mobility
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movement within the same level of the social hierarchy
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intergenerational mobility
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mobility across generations/ comparing parents to children
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intragenerational change
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Change in social position during a persons lifetime
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What determines an open system= A TEST
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The less an individuals SES is determined by parents SES the more open the system
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