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51 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back

Emile Durkheim

Studied the idea of social facts

Erving Goffman

Coined the term civil inattention

Karl Marx

Coins the term alienation, abstractions and concepts

Norman Zinberg

Set and setting effect drug addiction

Timothy Leary

Experiments with hallucinogens, determined people have a better experience when they’re in a more relaxed setting

Robert Merton

Coined terms using ‘Peer’ and self fulfilling prophecy (prediction that comes true because it is made)

Thomas Jefferson/Sally Hemings

African American sister to the first lady had an affair with Thomas Jefferson, her ancestors claimed to be of Jefferson descent and biology proved them right

Social Mobility

Movement within a social structure

Upward Mobility

Moving upward within a social structure

Downward Mobility

Moving downward within a social structure

Lateral Mobility

Moving within class or between jobs

Industrialization

The period of social and economic change that transforms a human group from an agrarian society into an industrial one

Anomie

Lack of the usual social or ethical standards in an individual or group

Social facts

Values, cultural norms and social structures which transcend the individual and are capable of exercising a social constraint

Demography

Study of population

Political arithmetic

Demographic and economic statistics of a political unit

Alienation

We as a society invent concepts to understand the world but often forget we invented them and they become alien and then real to us

Survey research

Gathers information from a population that can be used as representative data for a larger group

Socialization

How we learn to be a human

Civil inattention

Is the process whereby strangers who are in close proximity demonstrate that they are aware of one another, without imposing on each other

Gloss

Cover up imperfections and make things smooth

Bell-shaped curve

Normal distribution, how an idea or object with go through a phase

Census

Numbers created by government in order to collect taxes and create armies, required in constitution

Replacement rate

The percentage of a worker's pre-retirement income that is paid out by a pension program upon retirement

Fertility rate

The amount of children a woman will have in her lifetime are related to the social economic environment she’s in

Median

Middle number

Mean

Average

Ethnography

The scientific description of the customs of individual people and cultures

Set and setting

What environment you are in when you do drugs will affect how you react to them

Revolution

A forcible overthrow of a government or social order in favor of a new system

Capital

Financial assets or the financial value of assets, such as cash

Human capital

The stock of knowledge, habits, social and personality attributes, including creativity, embodied in the ability to perform labor so as to produce economic value

Social capital

refers to the collective value of all "social networks" and the inclinations that arise from these networks to do things for each other

Capitalism

An economic and political system in which a country's trade and industry are controlled by private owners for profit, rather than by the state

Intercalary

Days not included on calendar

Matrilineal, patrilineal, bilineal

Descent only through your mother/father/both (people related to you through your father/mother)

Matrilocal, patrilocal, matripatricolocal, neolocal

Proximity to wife’s/husband’s/both’s/neither’s family

Clan/tribe

A group of close-knit and interrelated families

Ethnic group

Cultural similarities believed to be shared by a large group

Race

Physical characteristics believed to be shared by a large group

Nationality

The status of belonging to a particular nation

Incest taboo

A cultural rule or norm that prohibits sexual relations between closely related persons

Endogamy

Marriage inside group encouraged

Exogamy

Marriage inside clan prohibited

Homogamy

Seek out marriages with people similar to ourselves

The well-rounded man

Someone who works hard but has a varied social life

Self-fulfilling prophecy

Prediction that comes true because it is made

Matthew Effect

The rich get richer and the poor get poorer

Civic Nation

Know they're from different biological backgrounds

Ethno Nation

Think they're all biologically connected

Tecknonomy

Practice of naming someone after his or her children, grandchildren, great grandchildren