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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is social stratification?
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Social stratification refers to a hierarchy of privilege based on property, power and prestige.
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Does every society stratify its members?
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yes
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What are the four major systems of social stratification?
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slavery, caste, estate, class
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What was slavery initially based on?
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debt, war or crime not race.
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Which system is the most open?
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class b/c it is based on money and/or material possesions
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What encourages the formation of a class system?
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industrialization
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What cuts across all forms of social stratification?
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gender
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What, according to Karl Marx, determines social class?
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relationship with the means of production
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What, according to Max Weber, determines social class?
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three elements: power, prestige and property
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What ideology are Kingsley Davis and Wilbert Moore? What is their view on why social stratification is universal?
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functionalists
they argued that to attract the most capable people to fill its important positions, society must offer them greater rewards. |
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What is Melvin Tumin's response to why social stratification is universal?
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society would be a meritocracy- with positions awarded based on merit
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Explain Gaetano Mosca argument about social stratification.
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it is inevitable because every society must have leadership which by definition means inequality
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Summarize conflict theorists view on social stratification.
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the outcome of an elite emerging as groups struggle for limited resources
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How do elites maintain stratification?
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Ruling class adopts an ideology that justifies its current arrangement. Also controls information and technology and if all else fails turns to brutal force.
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What are the two most striking features of the British class system?
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speech and education
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British public school are equivalent to US...
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private schools
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What happened with classes in the former Soviet Union?
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communism was supposed to abolish class distinctions, instead it just created a different set of classes
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What three theories contribute to the explanation as to how the world's nations became stratified?
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colonialism, world system theory, culture of poverty
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What is neocolonialism?
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ongoing dominance of the least industrialized nations by the most industrialized nations
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Why do the world's countries remain stratified?
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neocolonialism, multinational corporations
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What major political shift is happening? What does this display?
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from West to East
strains in global stratification |
