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42 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Formal expectations
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keep grades up or face consequences
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Informal expectations
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don’t need to dress up, allowed to be more relaxed
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Status Set
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student status only matters at school, not child of parent, relationships
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Ascribed Status
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Given to you (usually at birth)
- Women not always fair status (certain cultures) -Male/Female -Race/Ethnicity -Religious -Family (Title) -Social Class, Royalty v. Peasant |
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Achieved Status
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Earned it
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Master Status
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dominant in specific situations, diff. status as student, family, relationship
E.g., Disability, everyday interaction, people talk down/slower to you, treated differently, job discrimination, you can sue |
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Dramaturgy
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look at daily life(social interactions) as if we were in a play (tragedy), front stage, backstage
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Impression Management
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job interviews, manage impression you give to others, date, manage appearance, play the role
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Front Stage
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at dinner table or in the office for interview
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Backstage
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step out go to the bathroom, freshen up
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Role Performance
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play role of student well, taking notes, showing up
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Primary Groups
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More important
Family/Friends Personal/Emotional Duration: Long Term End to itself, value as people, truly enjoy their company |
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Secondary Groups
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Not as big of a role
Co-workers/Students Store/Customer Duration: Short Term Means to an end (paycheck) -Political or Study Partner in class |
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Dyad
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2, potential of a strong relationship, friends “Buddy system” (military/police), purpose to watch out for you, not only one struggling, strong relationship = more committed, missionaries(support), sales
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Triad
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group of 3, impartial judge to mediate b/w the other 2, third party will resolve disputes, negotiation, trials
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Max Weber
Bureaucracy |
reason/rational matter, divisions of labor, more productive/efficient, divide up large tasks, good at killing people (death camps)
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1. Hierarchy
Bureaucracy |
Manager & Cash Register @ Publix, chain of command, check w/ immediate supervisor
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2. Division of Labor
Bureaucracy |
break up tasks to smaller parts
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3. Written Rules
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apply to school, orientation
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4. Records
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on everyone, grades, major, name, birthdays, etc.
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5. Impersonality
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favoritism, promoted b/c buddy of (kill moral of company/military)
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6. Meritocracy
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an elite group of people whose progress is based on ability and talent rather than on class privilege or wealth
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Red Tape
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develops, a lot of excessive rules & procedures that have to be followed, too complicated/paperwork, unless fill out correctly, you get bounced from the system
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expressive leadership
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focuses on collective well-being. If successful, such leaders enjoy more personal affection. This differentiation is also linked to gender.
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instrumental leadership
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refers to group direction that emphasizes the completion of tasks. If successful, such leaders gain a distant respect.
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Poor communication
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in large organization when people specialize in small areas, hurricane Katrina evacuation, sociology prof. doesn’t know what’s happening in math dept.
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Alienation
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feel very disconnected, alone in process/organization
-office space, another number, replaceable - structure of organization, discourages connections |
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Deviance
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reminds us of the boundaries of our social norms (deviate = punish or reward
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Symbolic Interactionist
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- Lower Class – Handout
- Wealthy/Middle Class- cut their grass, clean house - Childcare - Rational Choice - Opportunity/Cost - Assign value – work or not? Time w/ children? - Disincentive to work – elderly w/ social security, cut payment in half if you make a certain choice |
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Differential Association Theory
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the environment plays a major role in deciding which norms people learn to violate. Specifically, people within a particular reference group provide norms of conformity and deviance, and thus heavily influence the way other people look at the world, including how they react
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Control Theory with inner and outer controls
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both inner and outer controls work against deviant tendencies. People may want—at least some of the time—to act in deviant ways, but most do not. They have various restraints: internal controls, such as conscience, values, integrity, morality, and the desire to be a “good person”; and outer controls, such as police, family, friends, and religious authorities
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Labeling Theory
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the meanings people derive from one another's labels, symbols, actions, and reactions. This theory holds that behaviors are deviant only when society labels them as deviant.
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Functionalist Perspective
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1. Deviance helps us define the boundaries of our social norms.
2. The reaction to deviance helps reinforce social norms. 3. The punishment of deviant behavior helps create social unity. 4. Deviance helps bring about need social change |
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conflict theory
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The poor and minorities in society are targeted and punished more harshly by
those who make and enforce our laws. the crimes committed by those in power are not punished harshly if at all. |
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White Collar Crime
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(dr./lawyer/city counsel member) b/c status in society greater, not punished as harshly b/c respected
E.g. Enron |
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Reasons why poor and minorities get unequal justice:
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1. Racial Profiling
2. Selective Enforcement 3. Unequal laws 4. Judge or Jury Bias 5. Not enough money for a good defense |
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Stratification
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layering/status/social position/rank
-usually money (poor v. middle class v. rich) |
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Max Weber
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studied who are the people how higher status/power in society & how they got there, not just money, E.g., Mother Theresa
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Critiques from the conflict theory
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1 - Most important/high skill position don't always get the highest rewards
2. Favoritism such as nepotism and cronyism challenges the notion of a meritocracy 3. Racism and sexism result in lost opportunities |
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endogamy
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inter-marriage, custom enjoining one to marry within one’s own group
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india's religious caste system
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untouchable = lower
Brahmin = Higher level FIXED for LIFE |
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Plessy v. Ferguson
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requiring racial segregation in private businesses (particularly railroads), under the doctrine of "separate but equal".
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