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44 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the three major sociological approaches? |
Structural Functional, Social Conflict, Symbolic Interaction. |
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What is the STRUCTURAL FUNCTIONAL perspective to sociology? |
Associated with DURKHEIM. Sees society as a system of parts in a larger whole (car engine).
Social structure --> Social Function
Manifest Function vs Latent Function vs Dysfunction
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What is the SOCIAL CONFLICT perspective sociology? |
Associated with KARL MARX. Society is an arena and a product of inequality & change.
Dominant group vs Disadvantaged. |
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What is the SYMBOLIC INTERACTION perspective on sociology? |
Society is composed of a series of everyday interactions |
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How would the STRUCTURAL FUNCTIONAL perspective explain inequality in America? |
Inequality is a DYSFUNCTION due to a LATENT FUNCTION of capitalism and greed. |
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How would SOCIAL CONFLICT perspective explain inequality in America? |
Inequality exists because of the dominant class, white males, subjugating the rest of the population and using their power to benefit themselves. |
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How would SYMBOLIC INTERACTION perspective on sociology? |
That some people's interactions lead to poverty and other's lead to riches.
NO overall social patterns or experiences outside immediate experience.
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What are the differences for you and a homeless person being admitted to Moorpark College? |
I have the support of family and friends, access to material resources, and of a stable mind.
A homeless person usually has only a few to none of these. |
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Give an overview of Durkheim's study of suicide and the parts of it that are still relevant. |
19th century study of suicide in France.
EGOISTIC (low group solidarity), ALTRUISTIC (high group solidarity), ANOMIC (alienated, w/out meaning)
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What is SOCIOLOGY? |
The academic study of SOCIAL BEHAVIOR; It's ORGANIZATION and INSTITUTIONS. |
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Who is PETER BERGER & the sociological perspective? |
Peter Berger was a sociologist who popularized looking for patterns in human behavior to see the "general in the particular." |
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What are the benefits of the SOCIOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVE? |
Allows us to CRITIQUE and ASSESS commonly held beliefs. |
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What is DURKHEIM'S STUDY OF SUICIDE? |
A study of suicide in France in the 19th century that came up with the categories EGOISTIC, ALTRUISTIC, and ANOMIC. |
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Who is AUGUSTE COMTE? |
The founder of SOCIOLOGY as a discipline. Believed society followed natural laws just like the physical world. |
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What is POSITIVISM? |
The philosophy of AUGUSTE COMTE. Believed that the only valid knowledge comes from LOGICAL study of EMPIRICAL knowledge. |
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When was SOCIOLOGY birthed as a science? |
In the 18th century by AUGUSTE COMTE in response to the French Revolution. |
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What is the THEORETICAL APPROACH in sociology? |
An abstract way of thinking that results in generalized ways of explaining nature. |
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What is SOCIAL STRUCTURE? |
Stable pattern of BEHAVIOR (anatomy) |
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What is SOCIAL FUNCTIONS? |
CONSEQUENCES of social structure (physiology) |
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What is MANIFEST & LATENT FUNCTIONS? |
Intended and unintended consequences of social structure. |
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What is SOCIAL DYSFUNCTIONS? |
social patterns that disrupts the operation of society. |
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What is the SOCIAL CONFLICT APPROACH? |
A view popularized by Marx that sees society as conflict between different groups. |
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Who was KARL MARX? |
A german sociologist who popularized the SOCIAL CONFLICT approach. |
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What is EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE? |
Knowledge that comes from direct observation or experimentation. |
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Give an overview of EXPERIMENT as a research method. |
Experiments occur when we randomly assign people into different groups to study the effect of a variable. |
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Give an overview of SURVEY as a research method. |
Surveys occur when we take a sampling of people and look for variables corrlated with each other. |
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Give an overview of PARTICIPANT OBSERVATION as a research method. |
Learning about a culture through immersion in it. |
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Give an overview of EXISTING SOURCES as a research method. |
Reviewing previously collected research data to look for trends and correlation. |
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What are the FOUR COMPONENTS of culture? |
LANGUAGE, SYMBOLS, VALUES, and NORMS |
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List FIVE MORES of US Culture. |
IMPORTANT standard of behavior.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. |
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List FIVE FOLKWAYS of US Culture. |
CASUAL standard of behavior.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. |
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List FIVE VALUES of US Culture. |
INDIVIDUAL FREEDOM SUCCESS = $ and possessions DOING over DREAMING NEWEST is BEST RATIONALITY over EMOTION
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What are the major stages of GERHARD LENSKI's model of SOCIOCULTURAL EVOLUTION? |
Hunter & Gatherer, Horticulture/Pastoralism, Agriculturalism, Industrialism, Post-Industrial |
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What is the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis? |
Language affects culture |
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List ROBIN WILLIAMS list of 10 American values. |
- Individual achievement - Success = $ and Possessions - Practicality - Real goals v. Big Dreams - Newest is Bet - Rationality over Emotion - Democracy & Free-Enterprise - Individual Freedom - Racism & Group Superiority |
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What is HIGH CULTURE? |
Sophisticated culture of the wealthy or elite |
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What is POP CULTURE? |
The popular culture of the majority of people. |
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What is a SUB CULTURE? |
A smaller group in a culture with it's own SYMBOLS, LANGUAGE, VALUES, & NORMS |
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What is a COUNTER CULTURE? |
A sub-culture who's values & norms differ substantively from the culture. |
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What is MULTICULTURALISM? |
Cultural diversity and the policy the promotes it. |
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What is EUROCENTRISM? |
A worldview centered around Western peoples. |
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What is ETHNOCENTRISM? |
Viewing another culture only through your own lens. |
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What are the MODES OF CULTURAL CHANGE? |
Invention, Discovery, Diffusion |
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What are CULTURAL UNIVERSALS? |
Behavior, patterns, beliefs, or traits universal to all human people. |
