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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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________ is a group of techniques used to study the structure of groups. |
Sociometry and sociometrics |
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Within sociometry, ________ is the feeling that exists between any two people in a group or the value that they place on their relationship. |
valence |
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A group characterized by intimate face-to-face associations and cooperation is ________. |
a primary group. |
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Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of primary groups? |
Membership is diffuse. |
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The concept of a "primary group" was first proposed by ________. |
Charles Horton Cooley. |
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A social group whose members have a shared goal or task but are not bound together by strong emotional ties is a(n) ________. |
secondary group. |
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When people make interaction decisions on the basis of calculations of costs and benefits, they are operating under which of the following principles? |
Rationality principle |
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The Golden Rule, "Do unto others as you would have them do unto you," is basically a statement of which of the following principles of social interaction? |
Reciprocity principle |
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A group that has an explicit, often written set of norms, statuses, and roles that specify each member's relationships to others and the conditions under which those conditions hold is ________. |
a formal organization. |
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As identified by Weber, all of the following are key elements of bureaucracies EXCEPT ________. |
irrationality. |
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In a study intended to discover why German soldiers were efficient fighters even in the face of defeat, Edward Shils and Morris Janowitz concluded that they ________. |
were extremely loyal to their fellow soldiers. |
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Which of the following factors is most likely to lead to group formation in a community? |
Physical proximity |
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William Foote Whyte's famous book Street Corner Society was about ________. |
"cornerboys" - young males in their teens. |
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In Preparing for Power by Cookson and Persell, the authors found that ________. |
elite schools and boarding colleges gave a small number of males a huge advantage in later occupation and income. |
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The scholar who popularized the concept of anomie was ________. |
Emile Durkheim. |
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In your professor's study of young children, as they aged seemed to adopt tactics to more often use ________. |
appeals to reciprocity |
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Which of the following can cause an increase in "anomie?" |
BOTH A breakdown/disappearance of norms and values in society Too many sets of norms and values around one |
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Which of the following have sociologists rejected as a basis for group formation and interaction? |
NONE of the ABOVE Pleasure principleRationality principleReciprocity principleFairness principleNone of the above (correct) |
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A triad appears to be a very stable form of small group. |
False |
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Robert Putnam's thesis in the book Bowling Alone is that online communication forums (social networking sites, chat rooms, blogs, etc.) have helped to increase participation in volunteer political or neighborhood social groups. |
False |
