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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Social group |
Ppl of interact on the reg with shared expectations bout behavior and who share a sense of common identity |
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Social Aggregate |
Ppl together in same place but don't interact or identify with one another (don't think of themselves as "we")(ppl waiting for bus stop) |
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Social category |
Ppl who share common characteristic (gender or occupation) |
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Primary groups |
Groups with intimate ties (friendships, families) |
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Secondary groups |
Impersonal, large ties (sports teams, workplace, college classroom) |
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Organization |
Identifiable membership that engages in concerted collective actions to achieve a commen purpose |
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Formal organization |
Designed to achieve objectives fby rules, regulations, and procedures Dominant form of organization around the world Bureaucracy |
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Networks |
Sets of informal and formal ties that link ppl to each other Networks may be connected to social group but not all members of network are in a social group |
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In-groups |
"Us" Loyalty and respect Group in which "we" belongs |
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Out- groups |
"Those ppl" Antagonism and contempt |
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Reference group |
Group that provides a standard for judging ones attitudes or behavior |
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Reference group |
Provides a standard judging ones attitude or behavior Group you wanna be like Have influence on us |
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Dyad |
Group of just two ppl (husband; wife) |
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Triad |
Group of 3 ppl (Husband,wife,child) More stable than dyad a lot of the time |
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Bureaucracy (ideal type) |
"Pure type" constructed by emphasizing certain. Traits of a social item that don't necessarily exist in reality Hierarchy of authority Written rules Paid position written on skill Work(impersonal) and physically sperated from.home life Workers don't own the work they do |
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Formal relations |
Behavior guided by formal rules and authority |
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Informal relations |
Ways of doing things that depart from formally reconigzed modes of procedure |
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Strong ties |
Close friends and fam |
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Weak ties |
Distant relatives or remote acquaintances |
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Mcdonaldization of society |
Efficient methods of accomplishing tasks. Calculability. Uniformity. -workers being replaced by machines at McD |
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Robert Michel's iron law of oligarchy |
Large organizations tend toward a centralization of power, making democracy difficult |
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Deviants |
Ppl who refuse to live by the rules the majority follows (violent criminals, vagrants, downs and outs) |
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Norms |
Rules of conduct that specify appropriate behavior in a given so I situation (dos and donts) Norms reflect division of power and class |
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Sanction |
Mode of reward or punishment that reinforced socially expected forms of behavior (can be positive or negative) (can be formal or informal) |
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Laws |
Rules established by political authority |
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Crimes |
Actions going against the laws |
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Sociological theories |
Definition of crime differs in cultures Powerful ppl are really what have the influence |
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Functionalist theories |
Lack of moral regulations whithin a society Durkheim-refers to a situation in which social norms lose their hold over individual behavior; crime and devience are bound to happen. Merton-devience is by product due to economic flaws |
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Interactionist theories |
Ask how behaviors get defined as deviant and how they get labeled Differential association- criminal behavior learned from others Labeling theory- ppl become "deviant" bc certain labels are attached to them through politics Primary Dev.- actions that cause others to label one as a deviant Secondary Dev.- occurs when someone accepts the label of deviant and acts to it |
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Conflict theory |
Deviance is chosen Crime is outcome of imbalance between impluses towards criminal activity
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