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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
social change
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changes within a society produced by events emanating from outside that society
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internal
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originates within a society
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ideology
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interrelated or religious or secular beliefs, values, and norms that justify the pursuit of a given set of goals through a given set of means
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external
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changes within a society produced by events that happened
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crowd
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temporary concentration of people in close proximity
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casual crowd
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to stop and look at something briefly and then leave
ex: stop to see a school fight |
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conventional crowd
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audience coming together to enjoy a show. simple norms and roles depending on the event. there is informal social control
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expressive crowd
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crowd is drawn together by the promise of personal gratification through active participation in activities and event
ex: religious retreat |
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acting crowd
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people whose passion and tempers have been aroused by some focal event.
ex: mobs |
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threatened crowd
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an acting crowd that is in a state of panic, believing that some kind of danger is present
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panic
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uncoordinated group flight from a perceived danger
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theories of crowds
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Gustof Labon
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contagion theory
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members of a crowd acquire a crowd mentality, lose their characteristics inhibitions, and become highly receptive to group sentiments. they give up personal and moral responsibility to a crowd
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examples of contagion theory
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antonymity
sentiment of invincible power emotional contagion reciprocal stimulation-circular reaction |
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convergence theory
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collective behavior is the outcome of situations in which people with similar characteristics, attitudes, and needs are drawn together
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emergent norm theory
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even though crowd members may have different motives for participating in collective behavior, they acquire common standards of behavior by observing and listening to one another
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fad and fashion
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are transitory social changes patters of behavior that are widely dispersed among a mass but that do not last long enough to become fixed or institutionalized
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rumor
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information that is shared informally and spreads quickly through a mass or a crowd
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public opinion
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the beliefs held by a dispersed collectivity of individuals about a common problem, interest, focus or activity
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mass hysteria
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large number of people are overwhelmed with emotions and frenzied activity or became convinced that they have experienced something that has no evidencs
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social movement
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a form of collective behavior in which large numbers of people are organized or alerted to support and bring about, or to resist, social change
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reactionary social movement
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embrace the aims of the past and seek to return general society to yesterdays values
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conservative social movement
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seek to maintain society's current values by reacting to change or threats of change that they believe will undermine the status quo
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revisionary social movement
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seek partial or slight changes within the existing order but do not threaten the order of itself
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revolutionary social movement
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seek to overthrow all or nearly all of the existing social order and replace it with an order they consider more suitable
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expressive social movement
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stress personal feelings of satisfaction or well-being and typically arise to fill some void or to distract people from some great dissatisfaction in their lives
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mass
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a collection of people who, although physically dispersed, participate in some event either physically or with a common concern or interest
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