Sociology Chapter 10 Inequalities Of Gender And Age

Front 1

Gender Stratification

Back 1

Males' and females' unequal access to property, prestige, and power

Front 2

Patriarchy

Back 2

Male-dominated society

Front 3

Symbolic Interactionism Perspective toward Aging

Back 3

1. Shifting meaning of growing old:
People perceive themselves and others according to the symbols of their culture. As the meaning of old age was transformed when it changed from an asset to a liability, not only did younger people come to view the elderly differently, but also, the elderly began to perceive themselves in a new light.
2. Influence of the Mass Media:
The mass media influences our ideas of the elderly

Front 4

Symbolic Interactionism

Back 4

Labels create prejudice by affecting perception
Labels we learn affect the way we see people
Labels cause selective perception, we see some things, but are blind to others
Racial and ethnic labels are powerful
Some labels also produce the behavior depicted in the stereotype. They cause a self-fulfilling prophecy

Front 5

The Functionalist Perspective toward Aging

Back 5

Disengagement Theory:
Society prevents a disruption when the elderly leave their positions of responsibility. Pensions are offered to entice the elderly to hand over their positions to younger people.
Retirement (or disengagement) is a mutually beneficial arrangement between 2 parts of a society.
It helps smooth the transitions between generations.

Front 6

Activity Theory

Back 6

The more activities elderly people engage in, the more they find life satisfying.

Front 7

Continuity Theory

Back 7

How people adjust to old age by continuing ties with their past.

Front 8

The Conflict Perspective Toward Aging

Back 8

1. Social Security Legislation:
Required workers to retire at 65
Law was changed, they can no longer be forced out of their jobs because of age
It emerged from a struggle between competing interest groups.

Front 9

2. Conflict Theory

Back 9

Groups are pitted against one another, but they focus on how this arrangement benefits those with power.
Capitalists keep workers insecure, fear of unemployment works specially well.
Capitalists also encourage and exploit racial-ethnic divisions. Pitting worker against worker weakens labor's bargaining power.

Front 10

2. Inter-generational Conflict

Back 10

Complaints that the elderly are getting more than their fair share of society's resources.
Dependency ratios: the number of people who collect Social Security compared with number of people who contribute to it? Troubling
Ratio has dropped and continues to shrink

Front 11

Theories of Prejudice
Psychological Perspectives:

Back 11

Psychological Perspectives:
1. Frustration and Scapegoats:
Prejudice is the result of frustration
People who are unable to strike out at the real source of their frustration (such as unemployment) find someone to blame: A Scapegoat

Front 12

Theories of Prejudice
Sociological Perspectives

Back 12

1. Functionalism:
Prejudice is functional and is shaped by social environment. It is possible to arrange the social environment to generate negative (or positive) feelings about people, and prejudice arises if we put groups against one another in an "I win" "you lose" situation.
Prejudice creates in-group solidarity.

Front 13

2. The Authoritarian Personality

Back 13

Highly prejudiced people are insecure conformists, they have deep respect for authority and are submissive to superiors.
Ambiguity disturbs them, especially in matters of religion and sex. The less educated are more prejudiced.

Front 14

Multiculturalism

Back 14

Also called pluralism. Permits or even encourages racial and ethnic variation. The minority groups are able to maintain their separate identities, yet participate freely in the country's social institutions, from education to politics

Front 15

Chapter 10

Back 15

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