Sociology Ch. 4

Front 1

Macrosociology

Back 1

analysis of social life that focuses on broad features of society, such as social class and the relationships of groups to one another; usually used by functionalists and conflict theorists

Front 2

microsociology

Back 2

analysis of social life that focuses on social interaction; typically used by symbolic interactionists

Front 3

social interaction

Back 3

lol

Front 4

Social strcuture

Back 4

typical patterns of a group, such as the usual relationships between men and women or students and teachers

Front 5

social class

Back 5

large #s of people who have similar amounts of income and education and who work at jobs that are roughly comparable in prestige.

Front 6

social status

Back 6

the position that someone occupies in a group

Front 7

status set

Back 7

all the statuses or positions one occupies

Front 8

ascribed status

Back 8

involuntary (age, ethnicity, etc.)

Front 9

achieved status

Back 9

earned or accomplished

Front 10

status symbols

Back 10

indicators of status, especially items that display prestige

Front 11

master status

Back 11

cuts across other statuses (no matter what I do, I am male; a master status I give myself is disciple of Christ)

Front 12

status inconsistency

Back 12

ranking high on some dimensions of social status and low on others; also called status discrepancy

Front 13

roles

Back 13

behaviors, obligations, and privileges attached to status

Front 14

group

Back 14

people who interact with one another and believe that what they all have in common is significant; also called social group

Front 15

social institutions

Back 15

organized, usual, or standard way by which society meets its basic needs

Front 16

social integration

Back 16

the degree to which members of a group or society are united by shared values and other social bonds; also known as social cohesion

Front 17

mechanical solidarity

Back 17

Durkheim's term for the unity (shared consciousness) that people feel as a result of performing the same or similar tasks

Front 18

division of labor

Back 18

the splitting of a group's or society's tasks into specialties

Front 19

organic solidarity

Back 19

Durkheim's term for the interdependence that results from the division of labor; as part of the same unit, we all depend on others to fulfill their jobs

Front 20

Gemeinschaft (Ferdinand Tonnies)

Back 20

intimate community (communal)

Front 21

Gesellschaft (Ferdinand Tonnies)

Back 21

impersonal association (individualistic)

Front 22

stereotypes

Back 22

yup

Front 23

Dramaturgy (Erving Goffman)

Back 23

an approach in which social life is analyzed in terms of drama or the stage

Front 24

impression management

Back 24

people's efforts to control the impressions that others receive of them

Front 25

front stages

Back 25

place where people give performances...

Front 26

back stages

Back 26

places where people rest from their performances, discuss their presentations, and plan future performances

Front 27

role performance

Back 27

the ways in which someone performs a role; showing a particular "style" or "personality"

Front 28

role conflict

Back 28

conflicts that someone feels between roles because expectations are at odds with one another (what matters most?)

Front 29

role strain

Back 29

conflicts that someone feels within a single role

Front 30

sign-vehicle

Back 30

term used by Goffman to refer to how people use social setting, appearance, and manner to communicate information about the self

Front 31

teamwork

Back 31

the collaboration of two or more people to manage impressions jointly

Front 32

face-saving behavior

Back 32

techniques used to salvage a performance (interaction) that is going sour

Front 33

ethnomethodology (Harold Garfinkel)

Back 33

the study of how people use background assumptions to make sense out of life

Front 34

background assumption

Back 34

a deeply embedded, common understanding of how the world operates and of how people ought to act (Dr. doesn't cut hair lol)

Front 35

Thomas theorem

Back 35

William I and Dorothy S. Thomas' classic formulation of the definition of the situation: "If people define situations as real, they are real in their consequences."

Front 36

social construction of reality

Back 36

the use of background assumptions and life experiences to define what is real