Sociology Ch. 14 Education And Religion

Front 1

is a social institution through which society passes on knowledge, skills and values from one generation to the next

Back 1

education

Front 2

is the trend of assigning higher grades than previously assigned to students for completing the same work

Back 2

grade inflation

Front 3

is a persons combination of skills, knowledge, traits and personal attributes

Back 3

human capital

Front 4

is an emphasis on educational degree in assessing skills and knowledge

Back 4

credentialism

Front 5

is the impact of a teachers expectations on a students performance

Back 5

teachers expectancy effect

Front 6

refers to lessons taught in school that are unrelated to academic learning

Back 6

hidden curriculum

Front 7

is a social institution based on a unified system of beliefs and practices related to scared things

Back 7

religion

Front 8

is the belief in a god or gods

Back 8

theism

Front 9

is the belief that there is only one god

Back 9

monotheism

Front 10

is the belief in multiple gods and demigods

Back 10

polytheism

Front 11

focused on a set of ethical, moral or philosophical principles

Back 11

philosophies of life

Front 12

is the practice of hounding a totem or scared object

Back 12

totemism

Front 13

is the belief in a variety of supernatural forces that affect and influence peoples lives

Back 13

simple supernaturallism

Front 14

is the belief that animate spirits live in natural objects and operate in the world

Back 14

animism

Front 15

are new religious movements led by charismatic leaders with few followers

Back 15

cults

Front 16

are religious groups that have enough members to sustain themselves and go against societies norms

Back 16

sects

Front 17

is a large, highly organized group of believers

Back 17

church

Front 18

is a government that is controlled by religious leaders

Back 18

theocracy

Front 19

means connected to god or dedicated to a religious purpose

Back 19

sacred

Front 20

means related or devoted to that which s not sacred

Back 20

profane

Front 21

is the worship of one god while recognizing the existence of other deities

Back 21

henotheism

Front 22

are established patterns of behaviour closely associated with experience of the sacred

Back 22

rituals

Front 23

is the overall decline in the importance and power of religion in peoples lives

Back 23

secularization

Front 24

is a binding force that holds society together through political and social issues

Back 24

civil religion

Front 25

relates sacred objects to religious rituals and defines and protects the sacred from the profane

Back 25

system of beliefs

Front 26

is a group that ensures the prosperity and effectiveness of the religious experience

Back 26

organization of believers

Front 27

what are some issues with education and social status

Back 27

1. children of parents with university degrees are more likely to attain degrees themselves

2. lower-class are less likely to attend post-secondary institutions

3. it reproduces social inequality

Front 28

what are the five myths of modern education

Back 28

1 myth of the individual

2. myth of the nation as a group of individuals

3. myth of progress

4. myth of socialization and life cycle continuity

5. myth of the state as the guardian of the nation

Front 29

this theory suggests that labelling can create a self fulfilling prophecy; and that teacher expectancy affects the way in which a student may feel about themselves and thus the way the perform

Back 29

symbolic interactionism

teacher expectancy effect

Front 30

this theory states that education is a social institution which helps society to run smoothly and promotes social stability; it has five components in society

Back 30

functionalism: functions of education

Front 31

what are the five functions of education in the functionalism theory

Back 31

1. transmission of knowledge and skills

2. research

3. social integration

4. social placement

5. latent functions

Front 32

explain the conflict theory of education

Back 32

hidden curriculum may be at work to further teach ideology that legitimizes inequality, sexism, racism, ect.

education is used to teach values of society to individuals; both good and bad; teaches to follow orders, routines as well as can enhance gender roles; maintains an old world view

Front 33

explain the feminist theory of gender and education

Back 33

historically men and women have received very different educations

women were encouraged to seek feminine concentrations, men more intellectually skilled ones

this has changed throughout the years though still a rather large income gap

Front 34

how did karl marx view religion

Back 34

it was not a way to bring people together; it was the opium of the people

it works to hide or justify exploitation under capitalism

promoted justice in the afterlife as to justify injustice in the early life

church leaders worked to oppress people

Front 35

who said religion was the heart of a heartless world

Back 35

karl marx

Front 36

who believed capitalism was developed in the west primarily by the protestant belief system

Back 36

max weber

Front 37

explain max webers theory of religion

Back 37

linked to capitalism

capitalism came to be because of new beliefs about god that came with protestant revolution

the belief was predestination; that ones fate is already determined thus justifying the oppression of the people ; a tool to make people work hard

Front 38

the theory of religion which takes on the view that everything in the world may deemed sacred or profane; things are attributed meaning in a religious context; there is a system of beliefs and and organization of believers

Back 38

symbolic interactionism

scared and profane

Front 39

this theory takes on the view that religion binds the community together through ritual and tradition; it strengthens society's norms and values by including them in its own lessons

may also cause difficulty resolving political issues; may bring individual group together though separate other groups from each other; religious wars

Back 39

functionalism solidarity through worship

Front 40

explain Durkheim's point of view of religion

Back 40

functionalist perceptive

creates a sense of solidarity and forms a moral community of shared common beliefs and values

religion serves a function of binding people together and making a society possible

Front 41

__________ theories believe religion legitimizes social inequalities

Back 41

conflict

Front 42

explain the conflict theory for religion

Back 42

religion legitimizes social inequality; the oppressed and the oppressors; religion and economics are intertwined

religion promotes capitalism and inequality because the church support the idea that wealthy deserve privileges

promotes obedience and legitimizes governments that are not best for everyone

Front 43

what are the four approaches to religion in a feminist theory

Back 43

1. revisionists; wish for more gender neutrality

2. reformist; refuse to believe any part that is sexist

3. revolutionaries; seek a deeper chance to sexist traditions

4. rejectionist; believe traditional views are extremely sexist so they reject it and seek to find a entire new spirituality