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29 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are economies?
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Social institutions that organize the production, distribution and consumption of goods and services.
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What are the reasons for expansion of economy?
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- Agricultural technology
- Productive specialization - Division of labor - Permanent settlements and trade |
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What are the three key changes of the post-industrial era?
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1) from tangible (greifbar) products to ideas
2) from mechanical skills to literacy skills 3) decentralization of work away from factories |
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What are the sectors of economy?
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Primary sector
Secondary sector Tertiary sector |
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What is the primary sector?
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It generates raw materials directly from the natural environment.
e.g. agriculture, hunting, fishing, forestry, mining |
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What is the secondary sector?
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Transforms raw materials into manufactured goods.
e.g. factories |
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What is the tertiary sector?
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Generates services rather than goods.
e.g. secretaries |
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World is predominantly capitalist - what does that mean?
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An economic system in which resources and the means of producing goods and services are privately owned.
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What is liberal capitalism?
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Free market, facilitative state and a legal framework which helps maintain capitalism.
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What is organized capitalism?
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An administered market and a more directive state.
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What is disorganized / post-Fordist capitalism?
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It involves an increase in the service sector, more global and dispersed operations and a decline of nation-states.
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What is fordism?
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An economic system based on mass-assembly-line production, mass consumption and standardized commodities.
Der Fordismus basiert auf stark standardisierter Massenproduktion und -konsumtion von Konsumgütern. (20er) |
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What is post-fordism?
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New economics system based on flexibility, specialization and tailor-made goods.
Im Gegensatz zum Fordistischen Modell zeichnet sich der Postfordismus durch ein hohes Maß an Flexibilität in den Bereichen Arbeitsorganisation, Arbeitsgruppen und Aufgabenintegration aus. |
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What is democratic socialism?
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An economic and political system that combines significant government control of the economy with free elections.
Extensive government regulations on industry |
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What is state capitalism?
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An economic and political system in which companies are privately owned although they cooperate closely with the government.(Japan, South Korea, Singapore)
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What is a primary labor market?
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Occupations that prove extensive benefits for workers (careers).
e.g. high income, personally challenging |
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What is secondary labor market?
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Jobs providing minimal benefits to workers.
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What does "occupational gender segregation" mean?
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Works to concentrate men and women in different types of job.
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What is self-employment?
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Earning a living without working for a large organization.
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Explain underground economy:
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Economic activity generating income that is unreported to the government as required by law. (much of it is attributable to criminal activity)
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What are trade unions?
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Organizations of workers collectively seeking to improve wages (Gehälter) and working conditions through various strategies, including negotiations and strikes.
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What are conglomerates?
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Giant corporations composed of many smaller corporations. The capitalist model assumes that businesses operate independently in a competitive market.
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What is monopoly?
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The domination of a market by a few producers.
(banned by law) e.g. GiIlette |
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What is oligopoly?
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The domination of a market by a few producers.
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What is disneyisation?
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The process by which the principle of the Disney theme parks are coming to dominate more and more sectors of American society as well as the rest of the world.
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What is theming?
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Putting the sales object into a story line to which it is not necessarily related. (theming a hotel into Las Vegas)
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What is hybrid consumption?
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In which one type of shopping becomes linked in with another very different kind. (airport is now also a shopping mall)
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What does merchandising?
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The promotion and sale of goods which bear copyrighted images and logos.
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What is performative or emotional labor?
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The frontline service industry is seen less as a job and more as a performance.
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