Sociology

Front 1

Gender Hierarchy

Back 1

Process by which we value one gender more than the other.

Front 2

Sex

Back 2

Our biological makeup (how you identify yourself) male or female.

Front 3

Gender

Back 3

Masculine or Femine

Front 4

Gender Stereotypes

Back 4

Generalizations based on Gender (Masculine/Feminie)

Front 5

Sex/gender system

Back 5

Institutionalize patterns of gender association. Which includes precriptions w/in our social institutions (family) an example of this is Patriarchy based on mens dominance of women. What is considered masculine is preferred.

Front 6

Patriarchy

Back 6

Male dominated society.

Front 7

Matriarchy

Back 7

Female dominated society

Front 8

Gender Norms

Back 8

Expectations of social behavior (man wearing a dress)

Front 9

Sexism

Back 9

Valuing one sex over another.

Front 10

Intersexual

Back 10

Biological aspects of both sexes.

Front 11

Transgender

Back 11

They define the gender themselves. They live as the choisen gender (bilogically one sex but has gender characheristcs of another)

Front 12

Transexual

Back 12

Pre/Post Op to change thier biological makeup.

Front 13

Natural Selection

Back 13

Survival of the Fitest. Species adapt to thier environment.

Front 14

Sociobiology/evoluionary biology

Back 14

Evoluntary Theory (systematic study of the biological basis of social behavior). The basic ideal is that evolutionary theory can be applied to social behavior and natural selection

Front 15

Social Darwinism

Back 15

Social Inequality is based on biological differences. Somehow they evolved differently (how jewish nose looks different from others)

Front 16

Evolutionary Psychology

Back 16

Test

Front 17

Parental Investment

Back 17

Why do females perform most of the caregiving) From the moment of conception they have more of an investment in thier off spring. Women only have 1 egg men have ample sperm.

Front 18

Oral Stage

Back 18

Baby Feeds from mothers breast.

Front 19

Anal Stage

Back 19

Putting things out giving our food back to the world

Front 20

Genital Stage

Back 20

Most Important - We begin to identify with a sex. Boy go through castration thoughts and girls have penis envy.

Front 21

Oedipal Crisis

Back 21

In psychoanalysis, a subconscious sexual desire in a child, especially a male child, for the parent of the opposite sex, usually accompanied by hostility to the parent of the same sex.

Front 22

Penis Envy/Castration Anxiety

Back 22

Freud thinks women have penis envy

Front 23

Cognitive Development Theory

Back 23

Children learn gender identiy and gender sterotypes through the effort to organizer thier world.

Front 24

Sociology

Back 24

The study of how our social world influences our behavior.

Front 25

Paradigm

Back 25

Will cause different people to apply to different schools of thoughts will change how you measure and that measurement will create a different outcome.

Front 26

Structural Functionalsim

Back 26

Beleives that each institution functions to promote equliberium

Front 27

Equilibrium

Back 27

Institutions comprise equalibrium (everything is working as it should be)

Front 28

Gender-reform Feminisms

Back 28

Women to have same opportunities as men

Liberal
Marxist
Development

Front 29

Liberal

Back 29

Feminsim focus on legal rights

Front 30

Marxist

Back 30

Focuses on gay employment

Front 31

Development

Back 31

Focuses on gaining equality in developing communities

Front 32

Gender-resistance Feminisms

Back 32

Gaining legal rights are not enough to end gender inequality. Because male dominance is too engraned into everyday social relations.

EX are Radical Feminism and Lesbian Feminism.

Front 33

Radical feminism and lesbian feminism.

Back 33

Test

Front 34

Gender rebellion feminisms

Back 34

Focuses on interaltionship among inequalities. Gender and inequality is just one peice of a complex system.

Front 35

From Doing Gender:
Sex categorization

Back 35

Male and Female

Front 36

From Doing Gender:
Biological determinism

Back 36

We are who we are because of our biology

Front 37

Essential nature

Back 37

From within, men and women are different

Front 38

Accomplishment of Gender

Back 38

Appropriatly displaying your gender

Front 39

Gender atribution process

Back 39

How does the world assign a gender to you. Ex, if you are wearing a dress you are a girl.

Front 40

List three of the five adaptive differences between men and women discussed by David Buss.

Back 40

1. Paternity Uncertainty - mama's baby, daddy's maybe

2. identenfiying reproductively valuable women - because women's ovulation is conceled men have the challenge of finding out who is most fertile. For women most men are fertile throughout thier lives.

3. Gaining Sexual Access to Women - Because men have a short investment in child bearing Men who spread the wealth have greater reproductive sucess than men who failed to gain access.

Front 41

Today, biological arguments about the differences between mena nd women stem from three areas. List and describe those areas.

Back 41

Evolutionary Theory (Social Biology) - The ideal that evolutionary theory can be applied to social behavior and natural selection.

Brain Research - Women's brains are smaller making them inferior. The argument to that is that women are smaller so the brain should be small. Today the argument is brain org. 2 levels of brain each specialize the thought now is that women use both and men only use one side. Explains why women can talk about thier emotions.

Endocronology (Hormone REsearch)- Testosterone and Estrogene Tells us that people with more test are more agressive.

Front 42

How, according to Judith Lorber, does Biology as a field justify existing inequalities? Cite specific examples from the article.

Back 42

One most prominent way is that we only see two sexes male and female (because the genittal is made up of the same tissue) so that infants that are born with ambigious genitial if the penis was small the baby was classified as a girl if big then a boy.

In sports where it is divided between men and women. chromosones are used to determine in which category the athlete is to compete.

Front 43

Feminist sociologist assert that sociology as a field has practiced sexism in three ways. List and describe those three ways?

Back 43

Most studies were conducted by men on men, but genearlized to both men and women

Gender was considered an important category only in a full subfields

When women were studied the studies were analyzed in terms of a male standard

Front 44

List and describe the three categories of femnism as outlined by Judith Lorber. Which do you most agree with and why?

Back 44

Gender Reform Feminist - There goal is for women to have same opportunities as men. (Liberal - Legal Rights, Marxist Gay employment, Development gaining equality in devleoping countries.

Gender Resistance Feminst - They advocate for separate womeon only communities, ex are radical feminist and lesbian feminist.

Gender Rebellion - focus on interaltionship among inequalities Gender and inequality is just one piece of a complext system.

Front 45

Briefly describe the three societies studied by Margaret Mead. What does her research tell us about gender?

Back 45

Arapesh - Both men and women display They are equal in thier parenting and caregiving. Sex was not important

Mundugumor - Both men and women developed aggressively, sex driven, maternal instincts were minimal.

Tschambuli - The women was dominant the male was passive.

that because these tribes are successful in thier own right and that the typical pattern behavior does not exist then you can not link this any longer to femine, masculine.

Front 46

Describe the important points in the Doing Gender article. What are its most important contributions? Why do you believe it is considered a classic work in sociology?

Back 46

Gender is not something we have but something we do.

When we interact with each other we take on either a femine or masculine role.

Genitalia is hidden but yet we continue to look at the world in two sexes male and female.

Boys are stronger, bigger, girls are smaller weaker.

Division of Labor